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Movement Trend Alterations in the Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)-Employed Ratbot Navigation Are Correlated with Stimulation Parameters

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 866-876页

作者： Sina Khajei Abed Khorasani Mohammad Reza Afarinesh Vahid Sheibani Neuroscience research center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran Cognitive Neuroscience research center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran

In previous studies,Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)stimulation was used to stop ratbots from *** to the homology between the PAG and the intercollicular nucleus,which has been used for forward movement in birds,we investigated the possibility of PAG application to induce forward locomotion for the first *** a corridor maze,the traveled distances via PAG electrical stimulation were examined in nine Wistar male rats during three sessions.A custom-designed stimulator was developed to apply the *** results showed reductions in responses to stimulation over ***,the traveled distances had negative slopes during the consecutive trials(in 8 out of the 9 rats),and the slope mean was significantly different from *** was a strong correlation between the stimulation parameters(electric Charge per Phase(CPP)and the Number of Pulses(NP))and the observed *** negative Movement Slopes(MS)were highly correlated with the CPP and the NP,as the Pearson's linear correlation coefficients were−0.87 and−0.79,*** MS-CPP coefficients of determination(R-squared)were also between 0.76 and *** addition,the MS-NP coefficients of determination were between 0.63 and ***,it is concluded that the electrical stimulation parameters influence the behavioral outcomes ***,the PAG area may be considered a suitable candidate for forward locomotion control in the future if the area is harnessed effectively to prevent undesirable chaotic behaviors.

关键词： Periaqueductal Gray(PAG) Navigation Ratbot Animal-robot Forward locomotion Movement slope

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Anisotropy-free arrayed waveguide gratings on X-cut thin film lithium niobate platform of in-plane anisotropy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1416-1426页

作者： Junjie Yi Changjian Guo Ziliang Ruan Gengxin Chen Haiqiang Wei Liwang Lu Shengqi Gong Xiaofu Pan Xiaowan Shen Xiaowei Guan Daoxin Dai Kangping Zhong Liu Liu State Key Laboratory of Extreme photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityHigher-Education Mega-CenterGuangzhou 510006China. National center for International research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China photonics research Institute Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong(SAR)China. Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing&Intelligent Imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China

Arrayed waveguide grating is a versatile and scalable integrated light dispersion device,which has been widely adopted in various applications,including,optical communications and optical ***,thin-film lithium niobate emerges as a promising photonic integration platform,due to its ability of shrinking largely the size of typical lithium niobate based optical *** would also enable multifunctional photonic integrated chips on a single lithium niobate ***,due to the intrinsic anisotropy of the material,to build an arrayed waveguide grating on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate has never been ***,a universal strategy to design anisotropyfree dispersive components on a uniaxial in-plane anisotropic photonic integration platform is introduced for the first *** leads to the first implementation of arrayed waveguide gratings on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate with various configurations and *** best insertion loss of 2.4 dB and crosstalk of−24.1 dB is obtained for the fabricated arrayed waveguide grating *** of such arrayed waveguide gratings as a wavelength router and in a wavelength-division multiplexed optical transmission system are also demonstrated.

关键词： waveguide arrayed lithium

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Cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease induced by hypertension

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第7期19卷 1454-1462页

作者： Weipeng Wei Denglei Ma Lin Li Lan Zhang Department of Pharmacy Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Geriatric medical research center Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System DrugsNational Center for Neurological DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina

Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the progression of cognitive impairment caused by cerebral small vessel disease,the most common cerebrovascular *** r,the causal relationship between hypertension and cerebral small vessel disease remains *** has substantial negative impacts on brain health and is recognized as a risk factor for cerebrovascular *** hypertension and lifestyle factors are associated with risks for stro ke and dementia,and cerebral small vessel disease can cause dementia and *** is the main driver of cerebral small vessel disease,which changes the structure and function of cerebral vessels via various mechanisms and leads to lacunar infarction,leukoaraiosis,white matter lesions,and intracerebral hemorrhage,ultimately res ulting in cognitive decline and demonstrating that the brain is the to rget organ of *** review updates our understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertensioninduced cerebral small vessel disease and the res ulting changes in brain structure and function and declines in cognitive *** also discuss drugs to treat cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment.

关键词： blood-brain barrier cerebral small vessel disease cognitive impairment dementia endothelial dysfunction enlarged perivascular space hypertension lacunar infarction neuroinflammation treatment white matter high signal intensity

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Robust thin-film lithium niobate modulator on a silicon substrate with backside holes

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第5期22卷 17-21页

作者：王迈祁璐王浩华阮子良陈耿鑫陈斌龚胜琪陈楷旋刘柳 State Key Laboratory of Extreme photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityHigher-Education Mega-CenterGuangzhou 510006China National center for International research on Green Optoelectronics South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing&Intelligent Imaging Intelligent Optics&Photonics Research CenterJiaxing Research InstituteZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314000China

Recently,Mach–Zehnder modulators based on thin-film lithium niobate have attracted broad interest for their potential for high modulation bandwidth,low insertion loss,high extinction ratio,and high modulation *** periodic capacitively loaded traveling-wave electrode is optimally adopted for ultimate high-performances in this type of ***,such an electrode structure on a silicon substrate still suffers from the velocity mismatch and substrate leakage loss for microwave ***,we introduce a thin-film lithium niobate modulator structure using this periodic capacitively loaded electrode on a silicon *** holes in the silicon substrate are prepared to solve robustly the above *** fabricated device exhibits an insertion loss of 0.9 dB,a halfwave-voltage–length product of 2.18 V·cm,and an ultra-wide bandwidth well exceeding 67 GHz for a 10-mm-long *** transmissions with rates up to 112 Gb/s are *** proposed structure and fabrication strategy are compatible for other types of monolithic and heterogeneous integrated thin-film lithium niobate modulators on a silicon substrate.

关键词： lithium niobate electro-optic modulator high bandwidth backside holes robust structure

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Suspended particulate matter promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells via TGF-β1-mediated ROS/IL-8/SMAD3 axis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 139-150页

作者： Shahrzad Molavinia Dian Dayer Mohammad Javad Khodayar Gholamreza Goudarzi Maryam Salehcheh Cellular and Molecular research center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Toxicology School of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Student research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Toxicology research center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Iranian Scientific Association of Clean Air TehranIran

Epidemiological evidence presents that dust storms are related to respiratory diseases,such as pulmonary fibrosis(PF).However,the precise underlying mechanisms of SPM-elicited adverse effects still need to be ***-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process is a characteristic of *** discussed whether suspended particulate matter(SPM)is involved in EMT induction via transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).In this study,a detailed elemental analysis(55 elements),particle size,and morphology were *** investigate the toxicity of SPM,an MTT test was performed to detect cell ***,A549cells were exposed to selected concentrations of SPM(20 and 40μg/mL)for single and repeated *** DCFH-DA assay showed that exposure to SPM could produce reactive oxygen species(ROS).The ELISA assay demonstrated increased levels of interleukin-8(IL-8)and TGF-β1 in the *** blot was used to detect the expression of proteins associated with EMT and the SMAD3-dependent *** of western blot demonstrated that E-cadherin was reduced,whereas p-SMAD3,vimentin,andα-smooth muscle actin were *** findings indicated that SPM triggered EMT by induction of oxidative stress,inflammation,and the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway activation.

关键词： Particulate matter TGF-β1 Oxidative stress Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Pulmonary fibrosis Cells

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Fabrication of Mie-resonant silicon nanoparticles using laser annealing for surface-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 133-141页

作者： Tatsuya Fukuta Ryo Kato Takuo Tanaka Taka-aki Yano Institute of Post-LED photonics Tokushima University2-1 Minami-JosanjimaTokushima770-8506Japan Innovative Photon Manipulation research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoSaitama351-0198Japan Metamaterials Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering ResearchWakoSaitama351-0109Japan

Silicon nanostructures with unique Mie resonances have garnered considerable attention in the field of ***,we present a simple and efficient method for the fabrication of silicon(Si)nanoparticle substrates using continuous-wave(CW)laser *** resulting silicon nanoparticles exhibit Mie resonances in the visible region,and their resonant wavelengths can be precisely ***,laser-annealed silicon nanoparticle substrates show a 60-fold enhancement in *** tunable and fluorescence-enhancing silicon nanoparticle platform has tremendous potential for highly sensitive fluorescence sensing and biomedical imaging applications.

关键词： nanoparticles annealing resonant

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Radiationless optical modes in metasurfaces:recent progress and applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1720-1740页

作者： Naseer Muhammad Zhaoxian Su Qiang Jiang Yongtian Wang Lingling Huang School of Optics and photonics Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced DisplayBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081ChinaBeijing 100081China Beijing Engineering research center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display Bejing Institute of TechnologyBejing 100081China

Non-radiative optical modes attracted enormous attention in optics due to strong light confinement and giant Q-factor at its spectral *** destructive interference of multipoles leads to zero net-radiation and strong field *** radiationless states disappear in the far-field,localize enhanced near-field and can be excited in *** the other hand,the optical modes turn out to be completely confined due to no losses at discrete point in the radiation continuum,such states result in infinite Q-factor and *** radiationless states provide a suitable platform for enhanced light matter interaction,lasing,and boost nonlinear processes at the state *** modes are widely investigated in different material configurations for various applications in both linear and nonlinear metasurfaces which are briefly discussed in this review.

关键词： optical lasing optics

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Spatio-temporal coupled mode theory for nonlocal metasurfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 267-282页

作者： Adam Overvig Sander A.Mann Andrea Alù photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY10031USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNY10016USA

Diffractive nonlocal metasurfaces have recently opened a broad range of exciting developments in nanophotonics research and applications,leveraging spatially extended—yet locally patterned—resonant modes to control light with new degrees of *** conventional grating responses are elegantly captured by temporal coupled mode theory,current approaches are not well equipped to capture the arbitrary spatial response observed in the nascent field of nonlocal ***,we introduce spatio-temporal coupled mode theory(STCMT),capable of elegantly capturing the key features of the resonant response of wavefront-shaping nonlocal *** framework can quantitatively guide nonlocal metasurface design while maintaining compatibility with local metasurface frameworks,making it a powerful tool to rationally design and optimize a broad class of ultrathin optical *** validate this STCMT framework against full-wave simulations of various nonlocal metasurfaces,demonstrating that this tool offers a powerful semi-analytical framework to understand and model the physics and functionality of these devices,without the need for computationally intense full-wave *** also discuss how this model may shed physical insights into nonlocal phenomena in photonics and the functionality of the resulting *** a relevant example,we showcase STCMT’s flexibility by applying it to study and rapidly prototype nonlocal metasurfaces that spatially shape thermal emission.

关键词： theory resonant spatially

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Signaling pathways governing the behaviors of leukemia stem cells

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 830-846页

作者： Shirin Azizidoost Ava Nasrolahi Mohadeseh Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush Amir Anbiyaiee Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam Maryam Farzaneh Shahab Uddin Atherosclerosis research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran Infectious Ophthalmologic research center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran Department of Laboratory Imam Khomeini Hospital ComplexTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Surgery School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran Persian Gulf Physiology research center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran Fertility Infertility and Perinatology Research CenterAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran Translational research Institute and Dermatology Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Leukemia is a malignancy in the blood that develops from the lymphatic system and bone *** various treatment options have been used for different types of leukemia,understanding the molecular pathways involved in the development and progression of leukemia is *** studies showed that leukemia stem cells(LSCs)play essential roles in the pathogenesis of leukemia by targeting several signaling pathways,including Notch,Wnt,Hedgehog,and *** are highly proliferative cells that stimulate tumor initiation,migration,EMT,and drug *** review summarizes cellular pathways that stimulate and prevent LSCs'self-renewal,metastasis,and tumorigenesis.

关键词： Leukemia Leukemia stem cells Pathogenesis Signaling pathways Stem cells

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Coxsackievirus B3 HFMD animal models in Syrian hamster and rhesus monkey

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 290-300页

作者： Suqin Duan Wei Zhang Yongjie Li Yanyan Li Yuan Zhao Weihua Jin Quan Liu Mingxue Li Wenting Sun Lixiong Chen Hongjie Xu Jie Tang Jinghan Hou Zijun Deng Fengmei Yang Shaohui Ma Zhanlong He Institute of medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Medical Primate Research Center Peking Union Medical CollegeYunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious DiseaseKunming650118China

Coxsackievirus B3(CVB3)is the pathogen causing hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD),which manifests across a spectrum of clinical severity from mild to ***,CVB3-infected mouse models mainly demonstrate viral myocarditis and pancreatitis,failing to replicate human HFMD *** several enteroviruses have been evaluated in Syrian hamsters and rhesus monkeys,there is no comprehensive data on *** this study,we have first tested the susceptibility of Syrian hamsters to CVB3 infection via different *** results showed that Syrian hamsters were successfully infected with CVB3 by intraperitoneal injection or nasal drip,leading to nasopharyngeal colonization,acute severe pathological injury,and typical HFMD ***,the nasal drip group exhibited a longer viral excretion cycle and more severe pathological *** the subsequent study,rhesus monkeys infected with CVB3 through nasal drips also presented signs of HFMD symptoms,viral excretion,serum antibody conversion,viral nucleic acids and antigens,and the specific organ damages,particularly in the ***,there were no significant differences in myocardial enzyme levels,and the clinical symptoms resembled those often associated with common,mild *** summary,the study successfully developed severe Syrian hamsters and mild rhesus monkey models for CVB3-induced *** models could serve as a basis for understanding the disease pathogenesis,conducting pre-trial prevention and evaluation,and implementing post-exposure intervention.

关键词： Coxsackievirus B3(CVB3) Hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) Animal models Syrian hamster Rhesus monkey

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