Cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease induced by hypertension

作     者：Weipeng Wei Denglei Ma Lin Li Lan Zhang Weipeng Wei;Denglei Ma;Lin Li;Lan Zhang

作者机构：Department of PharmacyXuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Geriatric Medical Research CenterBeijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System DrugsNational Center for Neurological DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina 

出 版 物：《Neural Regeneration Research》 (中国神经再生研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2024年第19卷第7期

页      面：1454-1462页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100205[医学-精神病与精神卫生学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82274611 (to LZ),82104419 (to DM) Capital Science and Technology Leading Talent Training Project,No.Z1 91100006119017 (to LZ) Beijing Hospitals Authority Ascent Plan,No.DFL20190803 (to LZ) Cultivation Fund of Hospital Management Center in Beijing,No.PZ2022006 (to DM) R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission,No.KM202210025017 (to DM) Beijing Gold-Bridge Project,No.ZZ20145 (to DM)。 

主　　题：blood-brain barrier cerebral small vessel disease cognitive impairment dementia endothelial dysfunction enlarged perivascular space hypertension lacunar infarction neuroinflammation treatment white matter high signal intensity 

摘      要：Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the progression of cognitive impairment caused by cerebral small vessel disease,the most common cerebrovascular disease.Howeve r,the causal relationship between hypertension and cerebral small vessel disease remains unclear.Hypertension has substantial negative impacts on brain health and is recognized as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease.Chronic hypertension and lifestyle factors are associated with risks for stro ke and dementia,and cerebral small vessel disease can cause dementia and stroke.Hypertension is the main driver of cerebral small vessel disease,which changes the structure and function of cerebral vessels via various mechanisms and leads to lacunar infarction,leukoaraiosis,white matter lesions,and intracerebral hemorrhage,ultimately res ulting in cognitive decline and demonstrating that the brain is the to rget organ of hypertension.This review updates our understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertensioninduced cerebral small vessel disease and the res ulting changes in brain structure and function and declines in cognitive ability.We also discuss drugs to treat cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment.