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Efficient water disinfection with ball milled Mg-biochar: The key role of trace Cu

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第1期35卷 412-417页

作者： Yanchao Jin Suixiaochen Chen Peiwen Huang Xiongjian Chen Chun-Yan Lin Li-Ping Li Xiao Chen Rui Ding Jianxi Liu Riyao Chen College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Minjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Reuse Fuzhou 350007China

In this study, magnesium and coconut shell carbon (CSC) were prepared by a ball milled process and used for water disinfection with adsorbing tiny amounts of copper(II). Dissolved oxygen (DO) was reduced to hydrogen peroxide (H_(2)O_(2)) via a two-electron pathway by Mg corrosion. Cu(II) in the wastewater will be enriched on the CSC surface and efficiently catalyzes H2O2 for inactivating E. coli. The results show that E. coli with an initial concentration of approximately 106 CFU/mL was under the detection limit (<4 CFU/mL) within 15 min. All of the Cu(II) could be adsorbed by the composite and catalyzed H2O2 to different active species. The quenching experiments, electron spin resonance (ESR) capture measurements and the UV-vis spectroscopy detection confirmed the present of the hydroxyl radicals (·OH), superoxide radicals (·O_(2)^(-)) and Cu(III). Different with tradition Fenton like process, Cu(III), rather than radicals, played the major role during the Mg-CSC/Cu(II) process. In addition to the cellular membrane damage, most of the bacterial genomic DNA was also be degraded and the bacterial reactivation was avoided. The Mg-CSC/Cu(II) process also showed a satisfied disinfection performance in real wastewater treatment. Overall, this study provides a new strategy for water disinfection.

关键词： Disinfection magnesium Cu Hydrogen peroxide Biochar

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magnesium surface-activated 3D printed porous PEEK scaffolds for in vivo osseointegration by promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis

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生物活性材料(英文) 2023年第2期20卷 16-28页

作者： Xinghui Wei Wenhao Zhou Zhen Tang Hao Wu Yichao Liu Hui Dong Ning Wang Hai Huang Shusen Bao Lei Shi Xiaokang Li Yufeng Zheng Zheng Guo Department of Orthopaedics Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi710038China Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research Xi’anShaanxi710016China Department of Orthopaedics Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi710032China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Polyetheretherketone(PEEK)has been an alternative material for titanium in bone defect repair,but its clinical application is limited by its poor osseointegration.In this study,a porous structural design and activated surface modification were used to enhance the osseointegration capacity of PEEK materials.Porous PEEK scaffolds were manufactured via fused deposition modeling and a polydopamine(PDA)coating chelated with magnesium ions(Mg^(2+))was utilized on the surface.After surface modification,the hydrophilicity of PEEK scaffolds was significantly enhanced,and bioactive Mg^(2+)could be released.In vitro results showed that the activated surface could promote cell proliferation and adhesion and contribute to osteoblast differentiation and mineralization;the released Mg^(2+)promoted angiogenesis and might contribute to the formation of osteogenic H-type vessels.Furthermore,porous PEEK scaffolds were implanted in rabbit femoral condyles for in vivo evaluation of osseointegration.The results showed that the customized three-dimensional porous structure facilitated vascular ingrowth and bone ingrowth within the PEEK scaffolds.The PDA coating enhanced the interfacial osseointegration of porous PEEK scaffolds and the released Mg^(2+)accelerated early bone ingrowth by promoting early angiogenesis during the coating degradation process.This study provides an efficient solution for enhancing the osseointegration of PEEK materials,which has high potential for translational clinical applications.

关键词： Polyetheretherktone Porous magnesium Angiogenesis Osteogenesis

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magnesium implant degradation provides immunomodulatory and proangiogenic effects and attenuates peri-implant fibrosis in soft tissues

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第8期26卷 353-369页

作者： Heithem Ben Amara Diana C.Martinez Furqan A.Shah Anna Johansson Loo Lena Emanuelsson Birgitta Norlindh Regine Willumeit-Römer Tomasz Plocinski Wojciech Swieszkowski Anders Palmquist Omar Omar Peter Thomsen Department of Biomaterials Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Biomaterials Group Materials Design DivisionFaculty of Materials Science and EngineeringWarsaw University of TechnologyWarsawPoland Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

Implants made of magnesium(Mg)are increasingly employed in patients to achieve osteosynthesis while degrading in situ.Since Mg implants and Mg^(2+)have been suggested to possess anti-inflammatory properties,the clinically observed soft tissue inflammation around Mg implants is enigmatic.Here,using a rat soft tissue model and a 1-28 d observation period,we determined the temporo-spatial cell distribution and behavior in relation to sequential changes of pure Mg implant surface properties and Mg^(2+)release.Compared to nondegradable titanium(Ti)implants,Mg degradation exacerbated initial inflammation.Release of Mg degradation products at the tissue-implant interface,culminating at 3 d,actively initiated chemotaxis and upregulated mRNA and protein immunomodulatory markers,particularly inducible nitric oxide synthase and toll-like receptor-4 up to 6 d,yet without a cytotoxic effect.Increased vascularization was demonstrated morphologically,preceded by high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor.The transition to appropriate tissue repair coincided with implant surface enrichment of Ca and P and reduced peri-implant Mg^(2+)concentration.Mg implants revealed a thinner fibrous encapsulation compared with Ti.The detailed understanding of the relationship between Mg material properties and the spatial and time-resolved cellular processes provides a basis for the interpretation of clinical observations and future tailoring of Mg implants.

关键词： magnesium Biodegradable implants Inflammation Foreign-body reaction Gene expression Neovascularization

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magnesium cationic cue enriched interfacial tissue microenvironment nurtures the osseointegration of gamma-irradiated allograft bone

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第4期7卷 32-47页

作者： Wenhao Wang Jie Shen Yuan Meng Miaoman Ye Shaozhang Lin Qi Zhao Le Wang Kenneth M.C.Cheung Shuilin Wu Yufeng Zheng Xuanyong Liu Paul K.Chu Kelvin W.K.Yeung Zhi-Yong Zhang Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510150PR China Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology The University of Hong KongHong Kong999077PR China Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053PR China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510150PR China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery Department of Spine SurgeryPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518036PR China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials&EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062PR China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology School of Materials Science&EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300352PR China State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollage of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871PR China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050PR China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong999077PR China

Regardless of the advancement of synthetic bone substitutes,allograft-derived bone substitutes still dominate in the orthopaedic circle in the treatments of bone diseases.Nevertheless,the stringent devitalization process jeopardizes their osseointegration with host bone and therefore prone to long-term failure.Hence,improving osseointegration and transplantation efficiency remains important.The alteration of bone tissue microenvironment(TME)to facilitate osseointegration has been generally recognized.However,the concept of exerting metal ionic cue in bone TME without compromising the mechanical properties of bone allograft is challenging.To address this concern,an interfacial tissue microenvironment with magnesium cationc cue was tailored onto the gamma-irradiated allograft bone using a customized magnesium-plasma surface treatment.The formation of the Mg cationic cue enriched interfacial tissue microenvironment on allograft bone was verified by the scanning ion-selective electrode technique.The cellular activities of human TERT-immortalized mesenchymal stem cells on the Mg-enriched grafts were notably upregulated.In the animal test,superior osseointegration between Mg-enriched graft and host bone was found,whereas poor integration was observed in the gamma-irradiated controls at 28 days post-operation.Furthermore,the bony in-growth appeared on magnesium-enriched allograft bone was significant higher.The mechanism possibly correlates to the up-regulation of integrin receptors in mesenchymal stem cells under modified bone TME that directly orchestrate the initial cell attachment and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.Lastly,our findings demonstrate the significance of magnesium cation modified bone allograft that can potentially translate to various orthopaedic procedures requiring bone augmentation.

关键词： Osseointegration Allograft bone Bone tissue microenvironment Bone-implant interface magnesium

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magnesium research in Canada:Highlights of the last two decades

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第10期11卷 3484-3510页

作者： Frank Czerwinski Natural Resources Canada CanmetMATERIALSHamiltonONCanada

The highlights of major Canadian research projects of last two decades that aimed at advancing applications of magnesium and its alloys,being at the heart of lightweighting and ecological sustainability, are outlined. The research at universities, government laboratories, and other dedicated institutions, funded primarily through federal programs, was accompanied by strong activities of the industrial sector involved in designing and building the machinery for magnesium processing and production of components from magnesium alloys. The overall research directions matched the global trends of overcoming the key challenges that prevent magnesium alloys to play the major role in large-scale applications. Among industrially oriented projects the processing technologies in liquid, semisolid and solid states such as casting, twin roll casting, injection molding, rolling, extrusion, forging, and joining techniques were frequently pursued. Although the fundamental research aimed at understanding of a variety of magnesium behaviors and structural peculiarities up to nano and atomic levels, its essence spread around the inherently poor formability and high reactivity at room and elevated temperatures, including the ignition/flammability concerns.In recent years, a shift in research interests was observed and novel directions emerged such as magnesium air batteries, biodegradable alloys, additive manufacturing, and magnesium-rich high entropy alloys. The volume of data gathered in this report may constitute a base for specifically oriented assessments, analyses, and drawing conclusions.

关键词： magnesium magnesium alloys Processing technologies Canadian research projects

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magnesium alloys as extremely promising alternatives for temporary orthopedic implants-A review

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第8期11卷 2688-2718页

作者： C.A.Niranjan T.Raghavendra Madhuri P.Rao C.Siddaraju M.Gupta Vikram Kumar S.Jain R.Aishwarya Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBengaluru-54India Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of EngineeringMysuru-08India Department of Chemistry B.M.S.College of EngineeringBengaluru-19India Department of Mechanical Engineering Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBengaluru-54India Department of Mechanical Engineering NUS Singapore-75Singapore Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyMadras-36India

Mg alloys are emerging as potential and very promising alternatives for replacing permanent metallic implant materials such as steels and titanium in applications where the implants need to be removed following healing through revision surgery.Use of Mg alloys for implant application is seen as a game changer and Mg alloys are almost perfect materials for the future in both engineering and biomedical applications.Present review therefore focuses on highlighting significance of Mg alloys in biomedical field and risks of using permanent metallic implants particularly when the implants are no longer required after the injury is healed.In this review,importance of orthopedic implants in present scenario,serious concern related to accidents that are causing permanent disabilities,demand in orthopedic implant market worldwide,potential applications of Mg based materials and their compatibility in biological environment is presented and discussed.In addition,degradation rate,major reactions associated with Mg based materials and effect of alloying elements on implant performance are also discussed based on in-vivo results.Recent advances in development of Mg alloys through various techniques and their performance in in-vitro conditions are also outlined.Possible ways to eliminate the limitations of Mg alloys include alloying,melt purification,surface alterations,surface modifications,chemical treatment,secondary processing etc.are discussed.Challenges and opportunities for Mg alloys to become ideal implant material is also addressed.

关键词： Accidents Fractures Burden of fracture magnesium Ultimate alternative Degradation rate Alloying Melt purification Coating

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magnesium metal and its corrosion products:Promising materials for tumor interventional therapy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 763-775页

作者： Binghui Xu Yuna Song Kairan Yang Yichen Li Bendong Chen Xia Liao Qingan Jia Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute of Medical ResearchNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710038China Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Disease Shaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi’an 710038China School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710038China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery General HospitalNingxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750001China Department of Nutrition First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710038China Institute of Medical Research Northwestern Polytechnical University127 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710072China

magnesium is generally known to degrade in aqueous environments by an electrochemical reaction.The corrosion products of magnesium include hydrogen gas,Mg^(2+),and Mg(OH)_(2).Here,we summarize the published literature describing the corrosion characteristics of magnesium,and the antitumor properties of magnesium-associated corrosion products,aiming to induce the therapeutic properties of magnesium and magnesium alloys in solid tumors.The therapeutic potential of corrosion products of magnesium is enormous.Hydrogen gas exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which amount to potential anti-tumor characteristics.Mg(OH)_(2),which creates a localized alkaline microenvironment,represents a second approach for anti-tumor therapy with magnesium metal.Upregulated concentrations of Mg^(2+)ions in the local tumor microenvironment remodelling are considered a third approach for anti-tumor therapy.Therefore,we speculate about the different physical forms of magnesium that could create an anti-tumor microenvironment upon tumor interventional therapy,a technique that precisely places anti-tumor implants like particles and stents.Finally,we present our viewpoints on the potential use of magnesium in diverse solid tumor therapies to inhibit tumor progression.

关键词： magnesium Hydrogen gas Mg(OH)_(2) Mg^(2+) Cancer Interventional therapy

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magnesium based implants for functional bone tissue regeneration–A review

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 384-419页

作者： Gavish Uppal Amit Thakur Amit Chauhan Saroj Bala University Institute of Engineering and Technology Panjab Universitysector-14ChandigarhIndia Sri Guru Gobind Singh College Panjab Universitysector-26ChandigarhIndia

magnesium(Mg)has emerged as one of the third-generation biomaterials for regeneration and support of functional bone tissue.Mg is a better choice over permanent implants such as titanium,stainless steel,cobalt-chrome as magnesium is biodegradable and does not require a second surgery for its removal after bone tissue recovery.It also reduces the risk of stress shielding as its elastic modulus is closer to human bone in comparison to permanent implants and other biodegradable metallic implants based on Iron and Zinc.Most importantly,Mg is osteoconductive thus stimulates new bone formation and possess anti-bacterial properties hence reducing the risk of failure due to infection.Despite its advantages,a major concern with pure Mg is its rapid bio-corrosion in presence of body fluids due to which the mechanical integrity of the implant deteriorates before healing of the tissue is complete.Mechanical properties of Mg-based implants can be enhanced by mechanical processing,alloying,and topology optimization.To reduce the corrosion/degradation rate,Mg has been alloyed with metals,reinforced with ceramics,and surface coatings have been applied so that the degradation rate of Mg-based implant matches with that of healing rate of bone tissue.The present review discusses the effect of alloying elements and reinforcing ceramics on microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of Mg-based orthopedic implants.In addition,the biocompatibility of Mg-based alloys,composites,and coatings applied on Mg implants has been highlighted.Further,different methods of fabricating porous implants have been highlighted as making the implant porous facilitates the growth of new bone tissue through the pores.

关键词： magnesium Biodegradable orthopedic implant Porous structure Osteo-conductive Antibacterial

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magnesium-L-threonate exhibited a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress damage in HT22 cells and Alzheimer’s disease mouse model

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第3期12卷 410-424页

作者： Ying Xiong Yu-Ting Ruan Jing Zhao Yu-Wen Yang Li-Ping Chen Ying-Ren Mai Qun Yu Zhi-Yu Cao Fei-Fei Liu Wang Liao Jun Liu Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Radiology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Ultrasound Guangzhou First People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510180Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Ultrasound Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361000Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress results in the production of excess reactive oxygen species(ROS)and triggers hippocampal neuronal damage as well as occupies a key role in the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD).A recent study confirmed that magnesium had an inhibitory effect against oxidative stress-related malondialdehyde in vitro.However,whether magnesium-L-threonate(MgT)is capable of suppressing oxidative stress damage in amyloidβ(Aβ)_(25-35)-treated HT22 cells and the AD mouse model still remains to be investigated.AIM To explore the neuroprotective effect of MgT against oxidative stress injury in vitro and in vivo,and investigate the mechanism.METHODS Aβ_(25-35)-induced HT22 cells were preconditioned with MgT for 12 h.APPswe/PS1dE9(APP/PS1)mice were orally administered with MgT daily for 3 mo.After MgT treatment,the viability of Aβ_(25-35)-treated HT22 cells was determined via conducting cell counting kit-8 test and the cognition of APP/PS1 mice was measured through the Morris Water Maze.Flow cytometry experiments were applied to assess the ROS levels of HT22 cells and measure the apoptosis rate of HT22 cells or hippocampal neurons.Expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X(Bax),hypoxiainducible factor(HIF)-1α,NADPH oxidase(NOX)4,Aβ_(1-42) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway proteins was quantified by Western blot.RESULTS In vitro data confirmed that Aβ_(25-35)-induced HT22 cells had a significantly lower cell viability,higher ROS level and higher apoptosis rates compared with those of control cells(all P<0.001).MgT prevented the Aβ_(25-35)-triggered oxidative stress damage by elevating viability and decreasing ROS formation and apoptosis of HT22 cells(all P<0.001).APP/PS1 mice exhibited worse cognitive performance and higher apoptosis rate of hippocampal neurons than wild-type(WT)mice(all P<0.01).Meanwhile,significant higher expression of Aβ_(1-42) and NOX4 proteins was detected in APP/PS1 mice than those of WT mi

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease magnesium Neuroprotective effect Oxidative stress Hippocampal Neuronal apoptosis

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Collagen membrane functionalized with magnesium oxide via room-temperature atomic layer deposition promotes osteopromotive and antimicrobial properties

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第12期30卷 46-61页

作者： Soumya Saha Raphael Cavalcante Costa Mirela Caroline Silva Joao Matheus Fonseca-Santos Lin Chen Abhijit H.Phakatkar Harshdeep Bhatia Leonardo P.Faverani Valentim A.R.Barao Tolou Shokuhfar Cortino Sukotjo Christos Takoudis Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoUSA Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology Piracicaba Dental SchoolUniversity of Campinas(UNICAMP)PiracicabaSao PauloBrazil Department of Diagnosis and Surgery Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and ImplantologySao Paulo State University(UNESP)School of DentistryAraçatubaSao PauloBrazil Department of Periodontics Center for Wound Healing and Tissue RegenerationCollege of DentistryUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoUSA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoUSA Department of Restorative Dentistry University of Illinois Chicago College of DentistryChicagoUSA

Artificial bone grafting materials such as collagen are gaining interest due to the ease of production and implantation.However,collagen must be supplemented with additional coating materials for improved osteointegration.Here,we report room-temperature atomic layer deposition(ALD)of MgO,a novel method to coat collagen membranes with MgO.Characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and electron beam dispersion mapping confirm the chemical nature of the film.Scanning electron and atomic force microscopies show the surface topography and morphology of the collagen fibers were not altered during the ALD of MgO.Slow release of magnesium ions promotes bone growth,and we show the deposited MgO film leaches trace amounts of Mg when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline at 37◦C.The coated collagen membrane had a superhydrophilic surface immediately after the deposition of MgO.The film was not toxic to human cells and demonstrated antibacterial properties against bacterial biofilms.Furthermore,in vivo studies performed on calvaria rats showed MgO-coated membranes(200 and 500 ALD)elicit a higher inflammatory response,leading to an increase in angiogenesis and a greater bone formation,mainly for Col-MgO500,compared to uncoated collagen.Based on the characterization of the MgO film and in vitro and in vivo data,the MgO-coated collagen membranes are excellent candidates for guided bone regeneration.

关键词： coating magnesium atomic

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