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Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles: Development & statistical optimization of norfloxacin for topical drug delivery system

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第4期2卷 269-280页

作者： Vivek Dave renu Bala yadav Kriti Kushwaha Sachdev yadav Swapnil Sharma Udita Agrawal Department of Pharmacy Banasthali UniversityBanasthaliRajasthanIndia Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy Bhopal462041India

Poly lactic acid is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic polymer, widely used in many pharmaceuticalpreparations such as controlled release formulations, parenteral preparations, surgicaltreatment applications, and tissue engineering. In this study, we prepared lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticlesfor topical and site targeting delivery of Norfloxacin by emulsification solvent evaporationmethod (ESE). The design of experiment (DOE) was done by using software to optimize the result, andthen a surface plot was generated to compare with the practical results. The surface morphology, particlesize, zeta potential and composition of the lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles were characterized bySEM, TEM, AFM, and FTIR. The thermal behavior of the lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles was characterizedby DSC and TGA. The prepared lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles of Norfloxacin exhibited anaverage particle size from 178.6 ± 3.7 nm to 220.8 ± 2.3 nm, and showed very narrow distribution withpolydispersity index ranging from 0.206 ± 0.36 to 0.383 ± 0.66. The surface charge on the lipid-polymerhybrid nanoparticles were confirmed by zeta potential, showed the value from t23.4 ± 1.5 mVto t41.5 ± 3.4 mV. An Antimicrobial study was done against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonasaeruginosa, and the lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles showed potential activity against these ***-polymer hybrid nanoparticles of Norfloxacin showed the %cumulative drug release of 89.72% in24 h. A stability study of the optimized formulation showed the suitable condition for the storage oflipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles was at 4 ± 2 C/60 ± 5% RH. These results illustrated high potential oflipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles Norfloxacin for usage as a topical antibiotic drug carriers.

关键词： Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles Norfloxacin Antimicrobial activity Carbopol gel

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Heat shock proteins: Molecules with assorted functions

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Frontiers in Biology 2011年第4期6卷 312-327页

作者： Surajit SARKAR MDhruba SINGH renu yadav K.P.ARUNKUMAR Geoffrey W.PITTMAN Department of Genetics University of DelhiSouth CampusBenito Juarez RoadNew Delhi-110021India Division of Biology MC156-29California Institute of Technology1200 East California BoulevardPasadenaCA 91125USA

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) or molecular chaperones, are highly conserved protein families present in allstudied organisms. Following cellular stress, the intracellular concentration of Hsps generally increases several *** undergo ATP-driven conformational changes to stabilize unfolded proteins or unfold them for translocationacross membranes or mark them for degradation. They are broadly classified in several families according to theirmolecular weights and functional properties. Extensive studies during the past few decades suggest that Hsps play avital role in both normal cellular homeostasis and stress response. Hsps have been reported to interact with numeroussubstrates and are involved in many biological functions such as cellular communication, immune response, proteintransport, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, gametogenesis and aging. The present review attempts to provide a briefoverview of various Hsps and summarizes their involvement in diverse biological activities.

关键词： heat shock protein chaperone chaperonin Hsp100 Hsp90 Hsp70 Hsp60 sHsps fertility apoptosis cytoskeleton

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The High Frequency Decay Parameter <em>κ</em>(Kappa) in the Region of North East India

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2018年第2期7卷 141-159页

作者： renu yadav Dinesh Kumar Sumer Chopra Department of Geophysics Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India Institute of Seismological Research Gandhinagar Gujarat India

The high frequency decay parameter κ has been considered as one of the important parameters required in the simulation of earthquake strong ground motions necessary for the proper evaluation of seismic hazard of a region. The present study estimated “κ” for the highly seismic active region of North East India. The spectral analysis of 598 accelerograms of 32 earthquakes has been done using [1] approach for this purpose. The average values of “κ” have been found to be 0.049, 0.047 and 0.040 for L-, T- and V-component respectively. The distance dependence of κ is not significant in the region. The κ 0 (κ at R = 0) for soft rock stations is found to be more than those of hard rock sites in consistent with other similar studies. The correlation between “κ” and earthquake magnitude at most of the stations for the region under study is not significant which indicates that κ depends on the site conditions in the region. The κ values estimated in the present study are useful for the evaluation of seismic hazard of the region.

关键词： Kappa GMPE Strong Ground Motion Simulation Seismic Hazard

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New solutions for old challenges in glaucoma treatment:is taurine an option to consider?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 967-971页

作者： Igor Iezhitsa renu Agarwal School of Medicine International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia Volgograd State Medical University Research Centre for Innovative MedicinesVolgogradRussian Federation

Glaucoma is a range of progressive optic neuropathies characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell loss and visual field *** is recognized as a leading cause of irreversible blindness affecting more than 70 million people ***,reduction of intraocular pressure,a widely recognized risk factor for glaucoma development,is the only pharmacological strategy for slowing down retinal ganglion cell loss and disease ***,retinal ganglion cell death and visual field loss have been observed in normotensive glaucoma,suggesting that the disease process is partially independent of intraocular *** is one of the agents that have attracted attention of researchers *** has been shown to be involved in multiple cellular functions,including a central role as a neurotransmitter,as a trophic factor in the central nervous system development,as an osmolyte,as a neuromodulator,and as a *** also plays a role in the maintenance of the structural integrity of the membranes and in the regulation of calcium transport and *** is known to prevent N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-induced excitotoxic injury to retinal ganglion cells.A recently published study clearly demonstrated that taurine prevents retinal neuronal apoptosis both in vivo and in *** effect of taurine may be attributed to direct inhibition of apoptosis,an activation of brain derived neurotrophic factor-related neuroprotective mechanisms and reduction of retinal oxidative and nitrosative *** studies are needed to fully explore the potential of taurine as a neuroprotective agent,so that it can be applied in clinical practice,particularly for the treatment of *** objective of current review was to summarize recent evidence on neuroprotective properties of taurine in glaucoma.

关键词： apoptosis excitotoxicity glaucoma oxidative and nitrosative stresses retinal neuroprotection taurine

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Magnesium acethyltaurate as a potential agent for retinal and optic nerve protection in glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 807-808页

作者： Igor Iezhitsa renu Agarwal Centre for Neuroscience Research Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Volgograd State Medical University Research Institute of Pharmacology

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible vision impairment affecting more than 70 million people worldwide with approximately 10%suffering from glaucoma-related bilateral blind（Quigley and Broman,2006）.It is a multi-factorial disease that is characterized by optic nerve damage and visual field *** loss of retinal ganglion cells（RGCs）resulting in visual field deficits is the hallmark of glaucoma.

关键词： Magnesium acethyltaurate as a potential agent for retinal and optic nerve protection in glaucoma

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Contribution of epigenetics in diabetic retinopathy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 556-563页

作者： KOWLURU renu A. MISHRA Manish Kresge Eye Institute Wayne State University

Diabetes has become the epidemic of the 21 st century, and with over 90% patients with diabetes becoming at a risk of developing retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy has emerged as a major public health concern. In spite of cutting edge research in the field, how retina and its vasculature are damaged by the diabetic milieu remains ambiguous. The environmental factors, life style or disease process can also bring in modifications in the DNA, and these epigenetic modifications either silence or activate a gene without altering the DNA sequence. Diabetic environment up- or downregulates a number of genes in the retina, and emerging research has shown that it also facilitates epigenetic modifications. In the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, the genes associated with important enzymes(e.g., mitochondrial superoxide dismutase, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and thioredoxin interacting protein) and transcriptional factors are epigenetically modified, the enzymes responsible for these epigenetic modifications are either activated or inhibited, and the levels of micro RNAs are altered. With epigenetic modifications taking an important place in diabetic retinopathy, it is now becoming critical to evaluate these modifications, and understand their impact on this slow progressing blinding disease.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy epigenetic modifications histone acetylation histone methylation miRNA

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Genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse neonatal outcomes

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 6-20页

作者： Amreen Shamsad Tanu Gautam renu Singh Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a metabolic disorder,recognised during 24-28 weeks of *** is linked with adverse newborn outcomes such as macrosomia,premature delivery,metabolic disorder,cardiovascular,and neurological *** investigations have focused on the correlation of genetic factors such asβ-cell function and insulin secretary genes(transcription factor 7 like 2,potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 1,adipo-nectin etc.)on maternal metabolism during gestation leading to *** alterations like DNA methylation,histone modification,and miRNA expression can influence gene expression and play a dominant role in feto-maternal meta-bolic *** between genes and environment,resulting in differ-ential gene expression patterns may lead to *** suggested that GDM women are more susceptible to insulin resistance,which alters intrauterine surroundings,resulting hyperglycemia and *** modi-fications in genes affecting neuroendocrine activities,and metabolism,increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in *** is currently no treatment or effective preventive method for GDM,since the molecular processes of insulin resistance are not well *** present review was undertaken to un-derstand the pathophysiology of GDM and its effects on adverse neonatal *** addition,the study of genetic and epigenetic alterations will provide lead to researchers in the search for predictive molecular biomarkers.

关键词： Gene expression Gestational diabetes mellitus Feto-maternal outcome Epigenetic alteration Molecular biomarkers

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Effect of nitrogen doping on structural and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第4期25卷 300-309页

作者： renu Kumari Anshuman Sahai Navendu Goswami Inter University Accelerator Centre Aruna Asaf Ali Marg Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Jaypee Institute of Information Technology

Infl uence of nitrogen doping on structural and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles has been studied. Undoped and N doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized via chemical precipitation approach. The prepared samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction(XRD),Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) equipped with Energy dispersive X-ray(EDAX) spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy(m RS). Wurtzite phase of undoped as well as 0.5–10% N doped ZnO nanoparticles was con fi rmed through characteristic XRD patterns. The particle size expansion due to N incorporation in ZnO was further revealed by TEM and EDAX analysis where 11 nm size undoped and 18–22 nm size 0.5–10% N doped ZnO(N:ZnO) nanoparticles without any impurity were ascertained. Slight blue-shift in band gap energy, as observed in our case, symbolized weak quantum con fi nement of the prepared nanoparticles. The alterations in vibrational modes of ZnO due to N incorporation, remarkably H substituting at O site and subsequently causing the passivation in N:ZnO nanoparticles, were detected through FTIR analysis. Finally, the effect of the nano-size of crystallite and gradual prominence of N into ZnO lattice due to increase of N doping concentration in prepared nanoparticles was meticulously expatiated though m RS analysis.

关键词： II–VI Semiconductors Infrared spectra Raman spectra Optical properties of low-dimensional Mesoscopic Nanoscale materials and structures

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Faulty homocysteine recycling in diabetic retinopathy

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 36-46页

作者： renu A.Kowluru Ghulam Mohammad Nikhil Sahajpal Department of Ophthalmology Visual Sciences and Anatomical SciencesWayne State University4717 St.AntoineDetroitMI 48201USA

Background:Although hyperglycemia is the main instigator in the development of diabetic retinopathy,elevated circulating levels of a non-protein amino acid,homocysteine,are also associated with an increased risk of *** is recycled back to methionine by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)and/or transsulfurated by cystathionineβ-synthase(CBS)to form *** and other transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE),through desulfuration,generates H_(2)*** cycle also regulates DNA methylation,an epigenetic modification associated with the gene *** aim of this study was to investigate homocysteine and its metabolism in diabetic ***:Homocysteine and H_(2)S levels were analyzed in the retina,and CBS,CSE and MTHFR in the retinal microvasculature from human donors with established diabetic *** damage was evaluated in retinal microvessels by quantifying enzymes responsible for maintaining mitochondrial dynamics(fission-fusionmitophagy).DNA methylation status of CBS and MTHFR promoters was examined using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation *** direct effect of homocysteine on mitochondrial damage was confirmed in human retinal endothelial cells(HRECs)incubated with 100μM ***:Compared to age-matched nondiabetic control human donors,retina from donors with established diabetic retinopathy had~3-fold higher homocysteine levels and~50%lower H_(2)S *** enzymes important for both transsulfuration and remethylation of homocysteine including CBS,CSE and MTHFR,were 40–60%lower in the retinal microvasculature from diabetic retinopathy *** the mitochondrial fission protein,dynamin related protein 1,and mitophagy markers optineurin and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3(LC3),were upregulated,the fusion protein mitofusin 2 was *** the same retinal microvessel preparations from donors with diabetic retinopathy,DNA at the prom

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy DNA methylation Homocysteine Hydrogen sulfide Mitophagy Epigenetics Mitochondria Oxidative stress Retina

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AHP-neutrosophic decision model for selection of relay node in wireless body area network

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第3期5卷 222-229页

作者： Naveen Bilandi Harsh KVerma renu Dhir Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjabIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering DAV UniversityJalandharPunjabIndia

The medical health systems empowered by wireless body area networks(WBANs)are becoming a reliable technology with unmatched facilities for personalised health monitoring and managing real-time health issues.A WBAN is primarily composed of a miniature,and smart devices called sensors that are worn in,on,or around the human *** recent years,research has been mainly centred towards the reduction of the energy consumption and stability of the *** selection of the relay node is one of the foremost issues for balancing the energy consumption in *** overcome this issue,the authors propose a hybrid analytic hierarchy process-neutrosophic method for making the decision of the relay node selection,in which the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)technique calculates the weights for different criteria and forwards them to the neutrosophic technique which finds out the best alternative solution or choice which is closest to the ideal solution.A detailed analysis is carried out on multi-criteria decision-making techniques by comparing the proposed AHP-neutrosophic and AHP techniques taking into account various criteria and *** experimental outcomes of this research indicate a significant reduction in terms of energy consumption and enhanced overall network-stability.

关键词： network overcome weights

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