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Management of Hepatitis C Post-liver Transplantation: a Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第2期3卷 140-148页

作者： Oscar Mitchell Ahmet Gurakar Department of Transplant Hepatology Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore MD USA

Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of chronic liver disease,and HCV-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are the leading causes for liver transplantation in the Western *** infection of the transplanted liver allograft is universal in patients with detectable HCV viremia at the time of transplant and can cause a spectrum of disease,ranging from asymptomatic chronic infection to an aggressive fibrosing cholestatic *** HCV is more aggressive in the post-transplant population and is a leading cause of allograft loss,morbidity,and ***,treatment of recurrent HCV has been limited by low rates of treatment success and high side effect *** the past few years,promising new therapies have emerged for the treatment of HCV that have high rates of sustained virological response without the need for interferon based *** addition to being highly effective,these treatments have higher rates of adherence and a lower side effect *** purpose of this review is to summarize current therapies in recurrent HCV infection,to review the recent advances in therapy,and to highlight areas of ongoing research.

关键词： Hepatitis C Transplant Directly acting antivirals

Asymmetric transportation induced by thermal noise at the nanoscale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第5期55卷 751-756页

作者： WAN RongZheng HU Jun FANG HaiPing division of lnterfacial Water and Laboratory of Physical Biology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesP.O.Box 800-204Shanghai 201800China

Based on a simple model, we theoretically show that asymmetric transportation is possible in nanoscale systems experiencing thermal noise without the presence of extemal fluctuations. The key to this theoretical advance is that the correlation lengths of the thermal fluctuations become significantly long for nanoscale systems. This differs from macroscopic systems in which the thermal noises are usually treated as white noise. Our observation does not violate the second law of thermodynamics, since at the nanoscale, extra energy is required to keep the asymmetric structure against thermal fluctuations.

关键词： ratchet nanoscale thermal fluctuations

维普期刊数据库

Multiple intrahepatic artery aneurysms during the treatment for IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis:A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第12期16卷 1505-1514页

作者： Hotaka Tamura Yoshinori Ozono Keisuke Uchida Naomi Uchiyama Hiroshi Hatada Souichiro Ogawa Hisayoshi Iwakiri Hiroshi Kawakami division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MiyazakiMiyazaki 889-1692Japan

BACKGROUND The purpose of this case report is to describe a case of multiple intrahepatic artery aneurysms during treatment for IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis(IgG4-SC)and to provide information for daily *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with IgG4-SC five years prior and was receiving maintenance treatment with prednisolone 7.5-10 mg/*** developed abdominal pain and a sudden onset of black stool and was admitted to our *** contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)and ultra-sonography(US)revealed multiple intrahepatic artery aneurysms that developed during the treatment for *** transarterial embolization for mu-ltiple hepatic artery aneurysms was *** artery aneurysms disappeared on contrast-enhanced CT and US,the progression of anemia ceased,and the melena ***,hemostasis was *** Hepatic artery aneurysms should be considered poor prognostic complications of IgG4-SC.

关键词： Hepatic artery aneurysm Pseudoaneurysm IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis Embolization Melena Atherosclerosis Case report

A metamaterial-free fluid-flow cloak

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National Science Review 2022年第9期9卷 212-218页

作者： Fuyang Tay Youming Zhang Hongyi Xu Honghui Goh Yu Luo Baile Zhang division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University

The model of ide al fluid flow around a cylindrical obstacle exhibits a long-established physical picture,where originally straight streamlines are deflected over the whole space by the *** by transformation optics and metamaterials,recent theories have proposed the concept of fluid cloaking,which is able to recover the straight streamlines,as if the obstacle did not ***,such a cloak,similar to all previous transformation-optics-based devices,relies on complex metamaterials with inhomogeneous parameters and is difficult to *** we deploy the theory of scattering cancellation and report on the experimental realization of a fluid-flow cloak without *** clo ak is realized by engineering the geometry of the fluid channel,which effectively cancels the dipole-like scattering of the *** clo aking effect is demonstrated through the direct observation of recovered straight streamlines in the fluid *** work sheds new light on conventional fluid control and may find application in microfluidic devices.

关键词： invisibility cloaks metamaterials fluid-flow control

Drug resistance mechanisms of cancer stem-like cells and their therapeutic potential as drug targets

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 457-470页

作者： Takahiko Murayama Noriko Gotoh division of Cancer Cell Biology Cancer Research InstituteKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan.

Despite of recent advances in cancer research and development of new anti-cancer drugs,tumor patients’prognoses have not yet been improved well *** failure of tumors is highly attributed to the drug resistance of a small population of cancer cell known as cancer stem-like cells(CSCs).CSCs also have the self-renewal activity and differentiation potency,conferring strong tumorigenicity on ***,development of CSC targeting therapy is urgently needed in order to overcome possible recurrence and metastasis by them after *** show some characteristic features that are not observed in other differentiated cancer cells,which give them higher resistance against conventional chemotherapy or *** such specific features could be useful for CSC *** review will summarize the recent advances in the study of CSC characteristics along with the promising therapeutic strategies targeting them.

关键词： Cancer stem-like cell drug resistance epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition hypoxia quiescence

Direct Modulation of the Guard Cell Outward- Rectifying Potassium Channel （CORK） by Abscisic Acid

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Molecular Plant 2017年第11期10卷 1469-1472页

作者： Amanda Ooi Fouad Lemtiri-Chfieh Aloysius Wong Christoph Gehring division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwa123955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Dear Editor,Abscisic acid （ABA） induces turgot loss and hence stomatal closure by promoting rapid net K^＋ efflux from guard cells （GCs） through outward-rectifying K^＋（K^＋out） channels （Schroeder et al., 1987; Blatt, 1990）. The mechanisms of ABA signaling in GCs are detailed elsewhere （see Munemasa et al., 2015; Weiner et al., 2010; Pandey et al., 2007）. Briefly, ABA binds to the PYR/ PYL/RCARs, a family of soluble steroidogenic acute regulatory- related lipid transfer （START） proteins, and, in turn, inactivates the downstream PP2C （type 2C protein phosphatase）, leading to the activation of SnRK2.6 （SNF1 [sucrose non-fermenting-1- related protein kinase]/OST1 [open stomata 1]） protein kinases.

关键词： Direct Modulation of the Guard Cell Outward- Rectifying Potassium Channel (CORK) Abscisic Acid

Effects of deforestation on microbial diversity in a Siberian larch(Larix sibirica) stand in Mongolia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1885-1893页

作者： Jun Won Kang Yeong Dae Park division of Forest Tree Improvement National Institute of Forest ScienceSuwonGyeonggi 16631Republic of Korea Department of Forest Resources Daegu UniversityGyeongbuk 38453Republic of Korea

For evaluating microbial community changes in a Siberian larch stand disturbed by forest fire or clearcutting,357 clones were randomly selected and sequenced using a culture-independent approach and 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition and diversity from the different disturbed Siberian larch ***,the burned larch stand had an increase in the relative amounts of b-proteobacteria and Firmicutes and a decrease in Acidobacteria,while Gemmatimonadetes increased Verrucomicrobia decreased in the harvested larch *** diversity and richness were higher in the undisturbed larch stand than the disturbed(burned or clear-cut)larch stands,and the influence of clear-cutting was more negative than that of the forest *** study indicates that evaluating the microbial diversity of undisturbed,burned,and clear-cutting Siberian larch stands provides information about the impact of forest disturbances on soil microbial communities,which may be helpful for understanding and evaluating soil health and devising reafforestation strategies for larch.

关键词： Forest fire Forest health Harvest Microbial diversity Reafforestation Siberian Larch(Larix sibirica) Soil microbiome

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Robust adaptive fixed-time 6 DOF tracking control for spacecraft non-cooperative rendezvous 36

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Robust adaptive fixed-time 6 DOF tracking control for spacec...

Identifying the relationships between subsurface absorber defects and the characteristics of kesterite solar cells

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作者： Yi Huang Yingmin Jia The Seventh Research division and the Center for Information and Control School of Automation Science and Electrical EngineeringBeihang University （BUAA）

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

In this paper, the problem of adaptive fixed-time 6 degree-of-freedom（DOF） tracking control for spacecraft noncooperative rendezvous in presence of the parameter uncertainties and external disturbances is investigated. Firstly, a new multilayer fixed-time sliding mode surface（MFSMS） is designed, and the setting time of the proposed surface can be estimated without the knowledge of the initial conditions. Subsequently, an adaptive fixed-time nonsingular terminal sliding mode（AFNTSM）control law is proposed, which is continuous and can eliminate the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, the proposed AFNTSM control law does not require the precise information of the mass and inertia matrix of the chaser spacecraft and the ***, it is proved that the fixed-time reachability of the relative position and attitude into a small region containing the origin can be guaranteed by the proposed control law. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

关键词： non-cooperative rendezvous 6 DOF fixed-time robust control nonsingular terminal sliding mode spacecraft

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Carbon Energy 2023年第8期5卷 42-54页

作者： Dae-Ho Son Dong-Hwan Jeon Dae-Hwan Kim Jin-Kyu Kang Shi-Joon Sung Jaebaek Lee Taeseon Lee Enkhjargal Enkhbayar JunHo Kim Kee-Jeong Yang division of Energy Technology DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Research Center for Thin Film Solar Cells DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Incheon National UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea

Understanding the defect characteristics that occur near the space-charge regions(SCRs)of kesterite(CZTSSe)solar cells is important because the recombination loss at the CZTSSe/CdS interface is considered the main cause of their low *** surfaces with different elemental compositions were formed without polishing(C00)and with polishing for 20 s(C20)and 60 s(C60).For C60,a specific region near the SCR was excessively Cu-rich and Zn-poor compared to C00 and *** charged defects formed where the elemental variation was *** the main deep acceptor defect energy level(E_(a2))near the SCR increased,the efficiency,open-circuit voltage deficit,and current density degraded,and this phenomenon was especially rapid for large E_(a2) *** the E_(a2) near the SCR became deep,the carrier diffusion length decreased more for the CZTSSe solar cells with a low carrier mobility than for the CuInGaSe_(2)(CIGSe)solar *** large amplitude of the electrostatic potential fluctuation in the CZTSSe solar cells induced a high carrier recombination and a short carrier ***,the properties of the CZTSSe solar cells were more strongly degraded by defects with deep energy levels near the SCR than those of the CIGSe solar cells.

关键词： defect density defect energy level elemental variation kesterite space charge region