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Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim Böttrich Pascal Bauer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte Theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer Robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular disease.Since pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early interventions.There is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of atherosclerosis.Therefore,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated signatures.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking medication.Ultrasound of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were performed.Additionally,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose levels.Immunophenotyping of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow cytometry.Participants were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque status.Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between parameters.Results:SAP was detected in a total of 29 participants.The participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and mTregs(OR=1.05(95%CI:1.021.10))as independent

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in skin wound healing:roles,opportunities and challenges

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 400-429页

作者： Jia-Yi Ding Min-Jiang Chen Ling-Feng Wu Gao-Feng Shu Shi-Ji Fang Zhao-Yu Li Xu-Ran Chu Xiao-Kun Li Zhou-Guang Wang Jian-Song Ji Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Researchthe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangLishui 323000China Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)School of Pharmaceutical ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035ZhejiangChina Clinical College of the Affiliated Central Hospital School of MedicineLishui UniversityLishui 323000ZhejiangChina Department of Overseas Education College Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina Department of Medicine II Internal MedicineCardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI)Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany Pulmonary and Critical Care Department of Medicine VInternal MedicineInfectious Diseases and Infection ControlUniversities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany

Skin wounds are characterized by injury to the skin due to trauma,tearing,cuts,or contusions.As such injuries are common to all human groups,they may at times represent a serious socioeconomic burden.Currently,increasing numbers of studies have focused on the role of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)in skin wound repair.As a cell-free therapy,MSC-derived EVs have shown significant application potential in the field of wound repair as a more stable and safer option than conventional cell therapy.Treatment based on MSC-derived EVs can significantly promote the repair of damaged substructures,including the regeneration of vessels,nerves,and hair follicles.In addition,MSC-derived EVs can inhibit scar formation by affecting angiogenesis-related and antifibrotic pathways in promoting macrophage polarization,wound angiogenesis,cell proliferation,and cell migration,and by inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix production.Additionally,these structures can serve as a scaffold for components used in wound repair,and they can be developed into bioengineered EVs to support trauma repair.Through the formulation of standardized culture,isolation,purification,and drug delivery strategies,exploration of the detailed mechanism of EVs will allow them to be used as clinical treatments for wound repair.In conclusion,MSCderived EV-based therapies have important application prospects in wound repair.Here we provide a comprehensive overview of their current status,application potential,and associated drawbacks.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC) Extracellular vesicles(EVs) Wound repair Engineered nanoparticles

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On-Surface Synthesis of Electron-Deficient Bisanthene Tetraimide

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 672-681页

作者： Ye Liu Liangliang Chen Hailong Li Xi-Sha Zhang Qigang Zhong Zhengming Hao Minghui Wu Yan-Ying Huang Lina Wang Minchong Sheng Miao Xie Haiming Zhang Deqing Zhang Lifeng Chi Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215123 CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Institute of Applied Physics Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessen 35392

Imide-based conjugated molecules have emerged as a highly promising class of building blocks for constructing n-type semiconducting materials with lowlying lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals and exceptional stability.Although imides,such as naphthalene diimides,perylene diimides and their lateral fused analogs,have been synthesized extensively,the design and synthesis of largerπ-extended molecules incorporating more than two imide groups are desirable but still very challenging.Herein,we report the synthesis of an unprecedented electron-deficient bisanthene tetraimide(ATI)containing a bisantheneconjugated core and four five-membered imide groups,which was successfully achieved via a combined approach of solution and on-surface synthesis.The chemical structures,electronic states,formation mechanism and aromaticity of ATI were systematically investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy,noncontact atomic force microscopy,scanning tunneling spectroscopy,and density functional theory calculations.

关键词： on-surface synthesis electron-deficient bisanthene tetraimide dehydrocyclization low lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level

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Enemies atpeace:Recentprogressin Agrobacterium-mediated cereal transformation

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 321-329页

作者： Shaoshuai Liu Ke Wang Shuaifeng Geng Moammar Hossain Xingguo Ye Aili Li Long Mao Karl-Heinz Kogel State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Phytopathology Centre for BioSystemsLand Use and NutritionJustus Liebig UniversityHeinrich Buff-Ring 26-32D-35392GiessenGermany

Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated plant transformation is a versatile tool for plant genetic engineering following its discovery nearly half a century ago.Numerous modifications were made in its application to increase efficiency,especially in the recalcitrant major cereals plants.Recent breakthroughs in transformation efficiency continue its role as a mainstream technique in CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing and gene stacking.These modifications led to higher transformation frequency and lower but more stable transgene copies with the capability to revolutionize modern agriculture.In this review,we provide a brief overview of the history of Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation and focus on the most recent progress to improve the system in both the Agrobacterium and the host recipient.A promising future for transformation in biotechnology and agriculture is predicted.

关键词： Agrobacterium tumefaciens Cereal species Genome editing Genetic engineering Plant breeding

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The dual role of microglia in ischemic stroke and its modulation via extracellular vesicles and stem cells

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Neuroprotection 2024年第1期2卷 4-15页

作者： Matteo Haupt Stefan T.Gerner Thorsten R.Doeppner Department of Neurology University of Gottingen Medical SchoolGottingenGermany Department of Neurology University Hospital GiessenGiessenGermany Center for Mind Brain and Behavior(CMBB)University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University GiessenMarburgGermany Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Medical University of VarnaVarnaBulgaria Medipol University Istanbul Research InstituteforHealthSciencesand Technologies(SABITA)IstanbulTurkey

Stem cell-based therapies and extracellular vesicle(EV)treatment have demonstrated significant potential for neuroprotection against ischemic stroke.Although the neuroprotective mechanisms are not yet fully under-stood,targeting microglia is central to promoting neuroprotection.Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system.These cells are crucial in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.They respond rapidly to the site of injury by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines,phagocytizing dead cells and debris,and recruiting peripheral immune cells to the ischemic area.Although these responses are essential for clearing damage and initiating tissue repair,excessive or prolonged microglial activation can exacerbate brain injury,leading to secondary neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.Moreover,microglia exhibit a dynamic range of activation states with the so-called M1 pro-inflammatory and M2 anti-inflammatory phenotypes,representing the two ends of the spectrum.The delivery of both EVs and stem cells modulates microglial activation,suppressing pro-inflammatory genes,influencing the expression of transcription factors,and altering receptor expression,ultimately contributing to neuroprotection.These findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex and dynamic role of microglia in the development of effective neuroprotective strategies to reduce the effects of ischemic stroke.In this review,we examine the current state of knowledge regarding the role of microglia in ischemic stroke,including their molecular and cellular mechanisms,activation states,and interactions with other cells.We also discuss the multifaceted contributions of microglia to stem cell-and EV-based neuroprotection during an ischemic stroke to provide a comprehensive understanding of microglial functions and their potential implications in stroke therapies.

关键词： extracellular vesicle microglia neuroprotection stroke stem cells

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Solid-state batteries:from 'all-solid' to 'almost-solid'

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National Science Review 2023年第6期10卷 57-59页

作者： Hanyu Huo Jürgen Janek Institute of Physical Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Center for Materials Research (ZfM) Justus Liebig University Giessen

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been the undisputed leading technology in electrochemical energy storage since they were commercialized in 1991.Since then,the mass manufacturing of LIBs has reached maturity,and we have also seen the realization of high energy density,long cycling stability and low cost.LIB technology enabled the huge success of mobile consumer electronics,with its usage in electric vehicles and other advanced devices.Due to the use of organic solvents for the ele ctrolytes,LIBs are sensitive to high temperatures,lose performance at low temperatures and show inherent safety risks with increasing energy density (Fig.1a).As the performance of current LIBs is also limited,next-generation battery technologies are being intensively investigated,especially given the ever-increasing demand for high energy density as well as high power density.

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Supporting tumor therapy by exercise:boosting T cell immunity by myokines

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3177-3178页

作者： Kristina Gebhardt Karsten Kruger Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Justus-Liebig-University of GiessenGiessenGermany

In a recent study published in Cancer Cell,Kurz et al.reported how exercise induces inhibitory effects on tumor growth by immuno-logical processes.1The investigation of these mechanisms is particularly signifcant beca... 详细信息

关键词： immunity al. cancer.

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Fibroblast growth factor 21 in dairy cows:current knowledge and potential relevance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 303-315页

作者： Klaus Eder Denise K.Gessner Robert Ringseis Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26-3235392 GiessenGermany

Fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21)has been identified as an important regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism,which plays an important role for metabolic regulation,particularly under conditions of energy deprivation or stress conditions.Dairy cows are subjected to a negative energy balance and various kinds of stress particularly during the periparturient phase and during early lactation.It has been shown that the plasma concentration of FGF21 in dairy cows is dramatically increased at parturition and remains high during the first weeks of lactation.This finding suggests that FGF21 might exert similar functions in dairy cows than in other species,such as mice or humans.However,the role of FGF21 in dairy cows has been less investigated so far.Following a brief summary of the previous findings about the function of FGF21 in humans and mice,the present review aims to present the current state of knowledge about the role of FGF21 in dairy cows.The first part of the review deals with the tissue localization of FGF21 and with conditions leading to an upregulation of FGF21 expression in the liver of dairy cows.In the second part,the influence of nutrition on FGF21 expression and the role of FGF21 for metabolic diseases in dairy cows is addressed.In the third part,findings of exogenous FGF21 application on metabolism in dairy cows are reported.Finally,the potential relevance of FGF21 in dairy cows is discussed.It is concluded that FGF21 might be of great importance for metabolic adaptation to negative energy balance and stress conditions in dairy cows.However,further studies are needed for a better understanding of the functions of FGF21 in dairy cows.

关键词： Dairy cow Energy deprivation Fibroblast growth factor 21 Metabolic adaptation Stress

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Heat stress in pigs and broilers:role of gut dysbiosis in the impairment of the gut-liver axis and restoration of these effects by probiotics,prebiotics and synbiotics

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 465-480页

作者： Robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenHeinrich‑Buff‑Ring 26‑3235392 GiessenGermany

Heat stress is one of the most challenging stressors for animal production due to high economic losses resulting from impaired animal’s productivity,health and welfare.Despite the fact that all farm animal species are susceptible to heat stress,birds and pigs are particularly sensitive to heat stress due to either lacking or non-functional sweat glands.Con-vincing evidence in the literature exists that gut dysbiosis,a term used to describe a perturbation of commensal gut microbiota,develops in broilers and pigs under heat stress.Owing to the protective role of commensal bacteria for the gut barrier,gut dysbiosis causes a disruption of the gut barrier leading to endotoxemia,which contributes to the typical characteristics of heat stressed broilers and growing and growing-finishing pigs,such as reduced feed intake,decreased growth and reduced lean carcass weight.A substantial number of studies have shown that feeding of probiotics,prebiotics and synbiotics is an efficacious strategy to protect broilers from heat stress-induced gut barrier disruption through altering the gut microbiota and promoting all decisive structural,biochemical,and immunologi-cal elements of the intestinal barrier.In most of the available studies in heat stressed broilers,the alterations of gut microbiota and improvements of gut barrier function induced by feeding of either probiotics,prebiotics or synbiot-ics were accompanied by an improved productivity,health and/or welfare when compared to non-supplemented broilers exposed to heat stress.These findings indicate that the restoration of gut homeostasis and function is a key target for dietary interventions aiming to provide at least partial protection of broilers from the detrimental impact of heat stress conditions.Despite the fact that the number of studies dealing with the same feeding strategy in heat stressed pigs is limited,the available few studies suggest that feeding of probiotics might also be a suitable approach to enhance productivity,health and welfare in pigs kept under heat st

关键词： Broilers Commensal bacteria Gut dysbiosis Heat stress Pigs Prebiotics Probiotics Synbiotics

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Enhancer-promoter communication:unraveling enhancer strength and positioning within a given topologically associating domain(TAD)

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3161-3162页

作者： Benedetto Daniele Giaimo Tilman Borggrefe Institute of Biochemistry Justus-Liebig-University GiessenFriedrichstrasse 2435392 GiessenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Zuin et al.elucidate the molecular mechanisms of how enhancer positioning and strength affect gene expression levels.'Cell-type-specific transcription factors(TFs)and ubiquitously expressed cofactors regulate the complex network of eukar-yotic gene transcription in an exquisitely specific and sensitive manner.The DNA elements bound by TFs are called enhancers and can be located close to the transcription start site(TSS)or far away.

关键词： al. strength topological

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