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Informing policy makers in developing countries:Practices and limitations of geriatric home medication review in Malaysia-A qualitative inquiry

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 21-29,I0001-I0003页

作者： Ahlam Sundus Renukha Sellappans Tan Maw Pin Kulliyyah of Pharmacy International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahKuantanPahangMalaysia School of Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesTaylor’s UniversitySubang JayaSelangorMalaysia Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To explore existing practices and challenges in the delivery of geriatric home medication review(HMR).The study was part of a larger study aimed to offer solution to expand the range of geriatric ***:This study employed qualitative exploratory design through semi-structured individual in-depth interviews with the public pharmacists involved in the delivery of geriatric HMR at public *** purpose of the interviews was to explore challenges faced by them in the delivery of geriatric ***:Based on the emerging themes from the qualitative data,the study reveals that geriatric HMR in Malaysia is integrated as part of multidisciplinary home care visits,encompassing a diverse patient population with various healthcare ***,it faces challenges such as the lack of outcome monitoring,formal training,and workforce *** these hurdles,there is a pressing need for the expansion of this service to better serve the community,and collaboration with community pharmacists holds potential to broaden its ***,the findings suggest that pharmacist-led HMR is both warranted and feasible within the Malaysian healthcare *** order to optimize medicine-use among older people living in the community,approaches for expanding geriatric HMR services in Malaysia must be ***:This study holds profound implications as it attempts to illuminate policy makers in developing countries,enabling them to formulate effective HMR *** considering the challenges highlighted within this research,policy makers can design a comprehensive HMR service that caters adeptly to the healthcare needs of the mass population.

关键词： Home medication review Older adults Malaysia Pharmacists Low-to-middle-income countries

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Antimicrobial activity of mangrove plant(Lumnitzera littorea)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第7期4卷 523-525页

作者： Shahbudin Saad Muhammad Taher Deny Susanti Haitham Qaralleh Nurul Afifah Binti Abdul Rahim Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies Kulliyyah of ScienceInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of PharmacyInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Istana25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of ScienceInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Istana25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia

Objective:To investigate the antimicrobial activities of *** acetate and methanol extracts of the leaves of Lumnitzera littorea(L littorea) against six human pathogenic microbes. Methods:The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion and microdilution ***:The antimicrobial activities of the crude extracts were increased with increasing the *** is clear that n-hexane extract was the most effective extract. *** positive Bacillus cereus(***) appear to be the most sensitive strain while Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***) and the yeast strains(Candida albicans(C. albicans) and Cryptococcus neoformans(***)) appear to be resistance to the tested concentrations since no inhibition zone was *** inhibition of microbial growth at concentration as low as 0.04 mg/*** the potent antimicrobial activity of L littorea ***:The obtained results are considered sufficient for further study to isolate the compounds responsible for the activity and suggesting the possibility of finding potent antibacterial agents from L littorea extracts.

关键词： Antimicrobial Lumnitzera littorea Mangroves

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Identifications of drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral treatment naive HIV-1 patients in Peninsular Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第1期10卷 73-76页

作者： Rozainanee Mohd Zain Nabila Ibrahim Suriani Ismail Jeyanthi Suppiah Nor Aziyah Mat Rahim Ravindran Thayan Virology Unit Institute for Medical ResearchInfectious Disease Research CentreJalan Pahang50588Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective: To determine drug resistance mutations and the HIV-1 subtypes among antiretroviral treatment naive HIV-1 patients in Peninsular Malaysia,Methods: A total of 45 samples from four hospitals that provide HIV viral load services were subjected to the amplification of the protease and two third of reverse transcriptase regions of the pol gene by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing,Drug resistance mutation(DRM) interpretation reports the presence of mutations related to protease inhibitors(PIs),Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors(NRTI) and Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTI) based on analysis using Stanford HIV database program,Results: DRMs were identified in 35% of patients,among which 46.7% of them showed minor resistance to protease inhibitor with A71 V and L10 l were the commonest DRMs detected,About 21.4% and 50.0% of patients had mutations to NRTIs and NNRTIs,respectively,CRF01_AE was found to be the predominant HIV-1 subtype,Conclusions: These findings have served as an initial crucial data in determining the prevalence of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance for the country,However,more samples from various parts of the country need to be accumulated and analyzed to provide overall HIV-1 drug resistance in the country.

关键词： HIV Resistance Malaysia Antiretroviral treatment naive

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Distribution of arthropods in rice grains in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 1-7页

作者： Mariana A Ho TM Lau TY Heah SK Wong AL Acarology Unit Infectious Diseases Research CentreInstitute for Medical ResearchJalan Pahang50588 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To determine distribution of arthropods in rice grains obtained from different ***: Rice samples were randomly collected from public in urban areas,farmers in rice field areas,aborigines in undeveloped areas and retailers in commercial *** samples of rice were taken out from each sample for isolation of arthropods using a modified Berlese Tullgren Funnel *** were mounted prior to identification; weevils were directly ***:Samples of rice from retailers in commercial premises had the highest infestation by arthropods followed by samples from urbanites,aborigines and rice *** species of weevils,Sitophilus oryzae(***) and Sitophilus granarius(***),were *** from commercial premises had the least percentage of weevils compared to those collected from domestic premises. Depending on the source of samples,densities of *** and *** ranges from 11-103 weevils/ kg and 7- 80 weevils/kg,*** species of mites in stored rice identified were mainly members of the families Cheyletidae,Echimyopodidae,Pyroglyphidae,Saproglyphidae and *** the species of mites identified were Austroglycyphagus malaysiensis,Cheyletus fortis,Cheyletus malaccensis,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,Grammolichus malukuensis and Suidasia *** density of most of the mites was less than 40 mites/kg of rice *** this study,the highest number of mites in rice samples was recovered from commercial premises,followed by samples from *** from farmers and aborigines contained lesser ***:This study demonstrated the presence of 3 allergenic mite species in rice, i.e ***,*** and ***,*** and *** that are known to be allergenic,were also found.

关键词： Distribution Arthropods Rice grains

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The occurrence of arthropods in processed rice products in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第7期3卷 552-554页

作者： Mariana A Heah SK Wong AL Ho TM Acarology Unit Infectious Diseases Research CentreInstitute for Medical Research.Jalan Pahang50588 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To determine distribution of arthropods in processed rice products such as rice flour and rice cereal-based infant ***:Random samples of rice flour and rice cereal-based infant food purchased from commercial outlets were examined for the presence of arthropods using a modified Berlese Tullgren Funnel *** were mounted prior to identification and weevils were directly ***:For non-expired products, infestation was found in 6.7%of rice flour and none was found in rice cereal-based infant food *** arthropods found in the flour samples were Cheyletus spp.,Suidasia pontifica(S. pontifica),Tarsonemus spp.,Tyrophagus putrescentiae(***),Sitophilus granarius(S. granarius) and Sitophilus oryzae(***).Others which cannot be identified were Oribatid and Prostigmatid *** most common mites in rice flour were Tarsonemus spp.(69.1%),followed by ***(18.2%).For expired products,only one sample of rice cereal-based infant food was infested and the infestation was by mites of the family ***:This study demonstrates the presence of 4 allergenic species of ***,***,*** and *** in rice *** arthropods can contribute to the incidence of anaphylaxis upon consumption by atopic *** was no infestation of arthropods in rice cereal-based infant food surveyed except for an expired product in a moderate rusty tin container.

关键词： Arthropods Mites Processed rice products

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First molecular identification of Cryptosporidium by 18S rRNA in goats and association with farm management in Terengganu

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 385-388页

作者： Afzan Mat Yusof Najat Hashim Muhammad Lokman Md Isa Department of Basic Medical Sciences Kulliyyah of NursingInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Hospital Campus25100 KuantanPahangMalaysia Integrated Cellular and Molecular Biology Cluster(iMolec) International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Department of Biomedical Science Kulliyyah of Allied Health SciencesInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia

Objective:To identify the prevalence of Cryptosporidium from goats in three types of farm management systems in Terengganu,Malaysia and to determine the Cryptosporidium species infecting goats by using 18 S r ***:A total of 478 fecal samples were randomly collected from goats in three farms;199 samples were collected from intensive farm,179 samples from semi-intensive farm and 100 samples from extensive *** samples were processed by using formolether concentration technique and stained by using modified Ziehl–*** samples were performed by using nested PCR analysis by using 18 S r ***:Out of 478 goats,207(43.3%) were found to be infected with *** reared under the intensive farm management system reported the highest prevalence of infection(49.7%),followed by intensive farm management system(41%) and the lowest prevalence was reported in the goats reared under semi-intensive management system(37.4%).Conclusions:The identified species found in goat was Cryptosporidium *** study on the zoonotic transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum in goats needs to be done in order to find the source of transmission of this parasite.

关键词： Cryptosporidium Goat 18S rRNA gene Nested PCR Terengganu

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Toxic effects of Litsea elliptica Blume essential oil on red blood cells of Sprague-Dawley rats

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第11期10卷 813-819页

作者： Izatus Shima TAIB Siti Balkis BUDIN Seri Maseran SITI NOR AIN Jamaludin MOHAMED Santhana Raj LOUIS Srijit DAS Sulaiman SALLEHUDIN Nor Fadilah RAJAB Othman HIDAYATULFATHI Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz50300 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Unit of Electron Microscope Institute for Medical ResearchJalan Pahang50588 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Anatomy Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz50300 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Litsea elliptica Blume leaves have been traditionally used as medicinal herbs because of its antimutagenicity,chemopreventative and insecticidal properties. In this study,the toxic effects of L. elliptica essential oil against Sprague-Dawley rat’s red blood cells (RBCs) were evaluated. L. elliptica essential oil was given by oral gavage 5 times per week for 3 treated groups in the doses of 125,250,and 500 mg/(kg body weight),respectively,and the control group received distilled water. Full blood count,RBC osmotic fragility,RBC morphological changes,and RBC membrane lipid were analyzed 28 d after the treatment. Although L. elliptica essential oil administration had significantly different effects on hemoglobin (Hb),mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC),mean cell volume (MCV),and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) in the experimental groups as compared to the control group (P0.05). It is concluded that structural changes in the RBC membrane due to L. elliptica essential oil administration did not cause severe membrane damage.

关键词： Litsea elliptica Toxicity Red blood cells Morphology Cell membrane Echinocyte

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Apoptosis,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of phytochemicals from Garcinia malaccensis Hk.f

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第2期5卷 136-141页

作者： Muhammad Taher Deny Susanti Mohamad Fazlin Rezali Farah Syahidah Ahmad Zohri Solachuddin Jauhari Arief Ichwan Suhaib Ibrahim Alkhamaiseh Farediah Ahmad Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Kulliyyah of PharmacyInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan IstanaBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Department of Biomedical Science Kulliyyah of ScienceInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan IstanaBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia SIRIM Rerhad(National Metrology Laboratory) Lot PT 4803Bandar Baru Salak Tinggi43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Kulliyyah of Dentistry International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan IstanaBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTMJohorMalaysia

Objective:To study the chemical constituents of stembark of Garcinia malaccenm（***） together with *** and antioxidant ***:Purification and structure elucidation were carried out by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, *** and trypan blue exclusion methods were performed to study the cytotoxic *** activity was conducted by dise diffusion and microdilulion methods, whereas antioxidant activities were done by ferric thiocyanate method and DPPH radical ***:The phylochemical study led lo the isolation ofα,β-mangostin and cycloarl-24-en-3β-ol.α-Mangostin exhibited cytotoxic activity against HSC-3 cells with an IC50 of 0.33μM.β- andα-mangostin showed activity against K562 cells with IC50 of 0.40μM and 0.48μM,respectively,α-Mangostin was active against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus（***） and Bacilus anthracis（***） with inhibition zone and MIC value of（19 mm;0.02S mg/mL） and（20 mm;0.013 mg/mL）,*** antioxidant assay,α-mangostin exhibited activity as an inhibitor of lipid ***:*** presenceα- andβ-mangostin and cycloart-24-en-3β-ol.β-Mangostin was found very active against ***-3 cells and *** results suggest that mangoslins derivatives have the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by inducing *** addition,α-andβ-mangostin was found inhibit the growth of Cram-positive pathogenic bacteria and also showed the activity as an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation.

关键词： Garcinia malaccensis Guttiferae Apoptosis Antibacterial Antioxidant

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In vitro antimicrobial activity of mangrove plant Sonneratia alba

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第6期2卷 427-429页

作者： Shahbudin Saad Muhammad Taher Deny Susanti Haitham Qaralleh Anis Fadhlina Izyani Bt Awang Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies Kulliyyah of Science International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad Shah25200Kuantan Pahang Malaysia Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Science International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad Shah25200 KuantanPahang Malaysia

Objective:To investigate the antimicrobial property of mangrove plantSonneratia alba(S. alba).Methods:The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion and microdilution methods against six microorganisms. Soxhlet apparatus was used for extraction with a series of solvents,n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol in sequence of increasing ***:Methanol extract appeared to be the most effective extract whilen-hexane extract showed no activity. The antimicrobial activities were observed against the gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) and Bacillus cereus(B. cereus), the gram negative Escherichia coli(E. coli) and the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans appeared to be not sensitive to the concentrations tested since no inhibition zone was observed.E. coli(17.5 mm) appeared to be the most sensitive strain followed by S. aureus(12.5 mm)and B. cereus(12.5 mm).Conclusions:From this study, it can be concluded that S. alba exhibit santim icrobial activities against certain microorganisms.

关键词： Antibacterial Antifungal Sonneratia alba Mangroves Antimicrobial activity

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Impact of coastal development on mangrove cover in Kilim river, Langkawi Island, Malaysia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第2期23卷 185-190页

作者： S.Shahbudin A.Zuhairi B.Y Kamaruzzaman Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies(INOCEM) Kulliyyah of ScienceInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahBandar Indera Mahkota25200KuantanPahangMalaysia

We examined the impact of various coastal developments on mangrove cover along the Kilim River, Langkawi Island, Malaysia between 1996 and 2008. We analysed images from Systeme Probatoire d＇Observation de la Tarre （SPOT） of Kilim River using supervised classification and Principal Component Analysis （PCA）. Over 8% （176.83 ha] of mangrove cover was degraded along the Kilim River from its total area of 2153.07 ha during the past 14 years. We identified several causes of mangrove degradation, including mangrove clearing （38%）, mangrove conversion to commercial area （21%）, residential area （19%）, agriculture （12%）, aquaculture （12%） and wake current （6%）. Langkawi is one of the main tourism islands in Malaysia. Tthe pace of coastal development throughout the entire island including Kilim River had suppressed the mangroves propagation over the years. Long term monitoring of mangrove ecosystems is essentials to ensure the survival and sustainability of mangrove associated biodiversity.

关键词： Kilim River SPOT imaging principal component analysis Langkawi Island mangrove ecosystem Malaysia mangrove

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