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Bear bile powder attenuates senecionine-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2022年第04期 270-281页

作者： JIANG Kai-Yuan ZHANG Yi YE Xuan-Ling XIONG Fen CHEN Yan JIA Xia-Li ZHANG Yi-Xin YANG Li XIONG Ai-Zhen WANG Zheng-Tao The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines Institute of Chinese Materia Medica Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai R & D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines Institute of interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine research Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome(HSOS) via exposure to pyrrolizidine alkaloids(PAs) is with high mortality and there is no effective treatment in clinics. Bear bile powder(BBP) is a famous traditional animal drug for curing a variety of hepatobiliary diseases such as cholestasis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Here, we aim to evaluate the protective effect of BBP against HSOS induced by senecionine, a highly hepatotoxic PA compound. Our results showed that BBP treatment protected mice from senecionine-induced HSOS dose-dependently, which was evident by improved liver histology including reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen positive cells, alleviated intrahepatic hemorrhage and hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells, as well as decreased conventional serum liver function indicators. In addition, BBP treatment lowered matrix metalloproteinase 9 and pyrrole-protein adducts, two well-known markers positively associated with the severity of PA-induced HSOS. Further investigation showed that BBP treatment prevents the development of liver fibrosis by decreasing transforming growth factor beta and downstream fibrotic molecules. BBP treatment also alleviated senecionine-induced liver inflammation and lowered the pro-inflammatory cytokines, in which tauroursodeoxycholic acid played an important role. What's more, BBP treatment also decreased the accumulation of hydrophobic bile acids,such as cholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, as well. We concluded that BBP attenuates senecionine-induced HSOS in mice by repairing the bile acids homeostasis, preventing liver fibrosis, and alleviating liver inflammation. Our present study helps to pave the way to therapeutic approaches of the treatment of PA-induced liver injury in clinics.

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Beyond the horizon:immersive developments for animal ecology research

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2023年第1期6卷 139-152页

作者： Ying Zhang Karsten Klein Falk Schreiber Kamran Safi Department of Computer and Information Science University of KonstanzKonstanz 78464Germany Department of Migration Max Planck Institute of Animal BehaviorRadolfzell 78315Germany Faculty of Information Technologies Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3145Australia

More diverse data on animal ecology are now ***“data deluge”presents challenges for both biologists and computer scientists;however,it also creates opportunities to improve analysis and answer more holistic research *** aim to increase awareness of the current opportunity for interdisciplinary research between animal ecology researchers and computer *** analytics(IA)is an emerging research field in which investigations are performed into how immersive technologies,such as large display walls and virtual reality and augmented reality devices,can be used to improve data analysis,outcomes,and *** investigations have the potential to reduce the analysis effort and widen the range of questions that can be *** propose that biologists and computer scientists combine their efforts to lay the foundation for IA in animal ecology *** discuss the potential and the challenges and outline a path toward a structured *** imagine that a joint effort would combine the strengths and expertise of both communities,leading to a well-defined research agenda and design space,practical guidelines,robust and reusable software frameworks,reduced analysis effort,and better comparability of results.

关键词： Immersive analytics animal ecology Collaboration Interactive data visualization

Customized 3D-printed occluders enabling the reproduction of consistent and stable heart failure in swine models

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第4期4卷 833-841页

作者： Han B.Kim Seungman Jung Hyukjin Park Doo S.Sim Munki Kim Sanskrita Das Youngkeun Ahn Myung H.Jeong Jinah Jang Young J.Hong Division of Cardiology Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuRepublic of Korea School of interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangRepublic of Korea Department of Creative IT Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangRepublic of Korea

Reproducibility of clinical output is important when investigating therapeutic efficacy in pre-clinical animal *** to its physiological relevance,a swine myocardial infarction(MI)model has been widely used to evaluate the effectiveness of stem cells or tissue-engineered constructs for ischemic heart *** methods are used to induce MI in the swine ***,it is difficult,using these approaches,to obtain a similar level of functional outcomes from a group of animals due to interpersonal variation,leading to increased experimental ***,in order to minimize human intervention,we developed an approach to use a customized occluder that has dimensional similarities with that of the coronary artery of animals in the case of the swine *** carried out angiography to measure the diameter of the middle left anterior descending artery of each individual animal to fabricate the customized occluder using a 3D-printing *** fabricated occluder contained a central hole smaller than that of the targeted middle left anterior descending artery to mimic an atherosclerotic coronary artery that has an approximately 20%blocked ***,the 3D-printed occluder can provide continuous blood flow through the central pore,indicating a high survival rate(88%)of up to 28 days *** method showed the possibility of creating consistent myocardial infarction induction as compared to the conventional representative closed-chest method(50%survival rate),thus highlighting how our method can have a profound effect on accelerating reliable experiments for developing new therapeutic approaches to ischemic heart diseases.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Myocardial infarction Ischemic heart failure Swine model Left anterior descending artery

Vibrational Receptor of Scorpion(Heterometrus petersii):The Basitarsal Compound Slit Sensilla

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第1期16卷 76-87页

作者： Kejun Wang Junqiu Zhang Linpeng Liu Daobing Chen Honglie Song Yinliang Wang Shichao Niu Zhiwu Han Luquan Ren Key Laboratory for Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024China

Recently,micro-vibrational perception mechanisms of nocturnal arthropods such as scorpions and spiders are attracting increasingly more attention and *** relevant micro-vibrational receptors are exquisite,in terms of their comprehensive performance such as sensitivity,stability,high anti-interference,and ultralow-power *** this work,we find the Basitarsal Compound Slit Sensilla (BCSS) of scorpion (Heterometrus petersii) are composed of the crack-shaped slits as mechanosensory structure and can efficiently detect substrate-borne vibrational signal in complex natural *** study on microstructures and mechanical properties of tissue phases constituting the BCSS reveals that the strategy of tessellation is used to make crack-shaped slit amplify the tiny mechanical *** addition,the magnitude-frequency characteristics of electrophysiological signals caused by vibration stimulation with different frequencies indicate that the scorpion is sensitive to micro-vibrational signals at a certain frequency ***,the vibrational perception mechanism based on geometrical amplification and resonance is proposed to explain how scorpions detect the tiny biotic vibrational signal efficiently in noise *** finding not only promotes our further understanding of ultra-sensitive mechanism of the vibrational receptors,but also provides biological inspiration for the next generation of mechanosensor for a broad range of applications.

关键词： scorpion mechanoreceptor basitarsal compound slit sensilla vibrational perception

A Chinese Herbal Medicine Demonstrated Advantageous Efficacy in animal Models of Ad,Via Stimulation of PKA Signaling at the Crossroad between Neural Plasticity Enhancement and Tau Clearance

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神经药理学报 2019年第Z1期 9-10页

作者： CHEN Gang interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders School of Chinese MedicineJinan University

Background:Currently,almost all chemical compounds or biological reagents to reverse or slow down the AD process have failed in clinical trials. An integrative and multitargeted strategy is increasingly appreciated to effectively combat this devastating disease. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used for treatment of dementia,and thus the advantages of the potential therapeutic features of TCM treatment and associated mechanisms should be well taken. The Amnesia Remedy Formula(ARF) was invented by one of the most influential Master of TCM Sun Simiao,who lived for about 100 year old. Aims:We characterized the time course changes of the cognitive behaviors post a ARF,and the mechanism underlying the effects,focusing on PKA-centered signaling for both enhancement of neural plasticity and clearance of the phosphorylated Tau. Results:We tested the efficacy of ARF on two animal models of AD,and examine the central role of PKA signaling in the enhancement of neural plasticity via PKA/CREB/BDNF pathway as well as clearance of toxic pTau via PKA/GSK3β/pTau pathway. In the scopolamine model,ARF effectively reversed the memory in Morris water maze(MWM) test,with some features superior to anti-AD drug donepezil. In a battery test of MWM,novel object recognition or T maze in 5-month-old senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) strain mice,two weeks of administration of ARF showed overall better improvement in memory loss than donepezil,and the effect lasted for at least 1 week after termination of administration of the formula. ARF increased expression of PKA/CREB/BDNF and synaptic proteins PSD95 expression,as well as enhanced Ser9 phosphorylation of GSK3β,thus reduced pTau in the hippocampus. Blockade of PKA signaling blunted the anti-AD-like effect of ARF,with reversal of CREB/BDNF signaling. Transcriptomic analysis indicated some changes of novel molecules along this pathway may be part of the pathological and therapeutic mechanism,which warrants further in

关键词： PKA A Chinese Herbal Medicine Demonstrated Advantageous Efficacy in animal Models of Ad,Via Stimulation of PKA Signaling at the Crossroad between Neural Plasticity Enhancement and Tau Clearance Tau

Spatial perception in the rat auditory cortex

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Spatial perception in the rat auditory cortex

A Through-Intact-Skull(TIS)chronic window technique for cortical structure and function observation in mice

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Xiong-jie Yu interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang University

How activity of sensory neurons leads to perceptual decisions remains a challenge to understand. Correlations between choices and single neuron firing rates have been found in visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems. In the auditory system, however, how neuronal activities correlate with auditory perception, for instance, the spatial perception, remains unclear. To investigate choice-related activity, we have recorded from auditory cortex（AC） and auditory thalamus（MGB） while animals performed a fine sound location discrimination task. We find that AC has similar discrimination thresholds as thalamic cells, and the most sensitive neurons have thresholds that are only twofold or threefold greater than perceptual thresholds. The fact that minimum thresholds measured in MGB are of the same order of magnitude as behavioral thresholds suggests that the MGB might determine the limit on our ability to discriminate small differences in sound location, with little noise added during downstream processing. We also tested the hypothesis that spatial tuning sharpens when an animal engages in an auditory task by comparing the neuronal threshold between behavior condition and non-behavior condition. Preliminary data indicated neuronal firing in both AC and MGB neuron were modulated by the task, reflecting a top-down control of dynamic spatial tuning.

关键词： auditory cortex auditory thalamus choice probability attention

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 185-202页

作者： Dongyu Li Zhengwu Hu Hequn Zhang Qihang Yang Liang Zhu Yin Liu Tingting Yu Jingtan Zhu Jiamin Wu Jing He Peng Fei Wang Xi Jun Qian Dan Zhu Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics‑MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‑Advanced Biomedical Imaging FacilityHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Optics Valley Laboratory Hubei 430074China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic ResearchCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityKaixuan Road 258thHangzhou 310020China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Optical Electronic Information‑Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‑Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Modern optical imaging techniques provide powerful tools for observing cortical structure and functions at high *** skull windows have been established for different applications of cortical imaging,and each has its advantages and *** critical of the limitations,none of the current skull windows is suitable for observing the responses to some acute craniocerebral injuries on a large scale and at high ***,we developed a“Through-Intact-Skull(TIS)window”that enables the observation of an immune response on a bilateral cortical scale and at single-cell resolution after traumatic brain injury without affecting the pathological environment of the *** TIS window also has the advantages of craniotomy-freeness,centimeter-field of view,synaptic resolution,large imaging depth,long-term observation capability,and suitability for awake ***,the TIS window is a promising new approach for intravital cortical microscopy in basic research in neuroscience.

关键词： Skull optical clearing window Long-term neurovascular imaging Traumatic brain injury Awake animal

Single-cell RNA-sequencing and subcellular spatial transcriptomics facilitate the translation of liver microphysiological systems for regulatory application

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药物分析学报:英文版 2023年第7期13卷 691-693页

作者： Dan Li Zhou Fang Qiang Shi Nicholas Zhang Binsheng Gong Weida Tong Ahmet F.Coskun Joshua Xu Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics National Center for Toxicological ResearchU.S.Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonAR72079USA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30332USA Machine Learning Graduate Program Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA Division of Systems Biology National Center for Toxicological ResearchU.S.Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonAR72079USA interdisciplinary Bioengineering Graduate Program Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA

Reducing the use of animal models in drug development and safety assessment has long been supported by the *** and Drug Administration(FDA).The report by Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to animals indicates that in 2020,experiments involved the use of over 100 million animals,with the United States leading the list by utilizing 20 million *** ethical considerations associated with animal testing and the costs in terms of time and money,animal models are not always effective in predicting human reactions to drug *** animal testing has been the traditional method for assessing the safety and efficacy of drugs.

关键词： money utilizing testing

The problem and promise of scale in multilayer animal social networks

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 113-123页

作者： Alec L.ROBITAILLE Quinn M.R.WEBBER Julie W.TURNER Vander WAL ERIC Department of Biology Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNLA1B 3X9Canada Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology interdisciplinary Program Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNLA1B 3X9Canada

Scale remains a foundational concept in *** scale,for instance,has become a central consideration in the way we understand landscape ecology and animal space ***,scale-dependent social processes can range from fine scale interactions to co-occurrence and overlapping home ***,sociality can vary within and across *** networks promise the explicit integration of the social,spatial,and temporal *** the complex interplay of sociality and animal space use in heterogeneous landscapes,there remains an important gap in our understanding of the influence of scale on animal social *** an empirical case study,we discuss ways of considering social,spatial,and temporal scale in the context of multilayer caribou social *** integration of social and spatial processes,including biologically meaningful scales,within the context of animal social networks is an emerging area of *** incorporate perspectives that link the social environment to spatial processes across scales in a multilayer context.

关键词： caribou habitat selection landscape ecology Rangifer social network analysis space use