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DIR:Dynamic Request Interleaving for Improving the Read Performance of aged Solid-State Drives

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第1期39卷 82-98页

作者：聂世强张驰伍卫国 department of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityShaanci 710049China

Triple-level cell(TLC)NAND flash is increasingly adopted to build solid-state drives(SSDs)for modern computer systems.While TLC NAND flash effectively improves storage density,it faces severe reliability issues;in partic-ular,the pages exhibit different raw bit error rates(RBERs).Integrating strong low-density parity-check(LDPC)code helps to improve reliability but suffers from prolonged and proportional read latency due to multiple read retries for worse pages.The straightforward idea is that dispersing page-size data across several pages in different types can achieve a low-er average RBER and reduce the read latency.However,directly implementing this simple idea into flash translation lay-er(FTL)induces the read amplification issue as one logic page residing in more than one physical page brings several read operations.In this paper,we propose the Dynamic Request Interleaving(DIR)technology for improving the performance of TLC NAND flash-based SSDs,in particular,the aged ones with large RBERs.DIR exploits the observation that the la-tency of an I/O request is determined,without considering the queuing time,by the access of the slowest device page,i.e.,the page that has the highest RBER.By grouping consecutive logical pages that have high locality and interleaving their encoded data in different types of device pages that have different RBERs,DIR effectively reduces the number of read re-tries for LDPC with limited read amplification.To meet the requirement of allocating hybrid page types for interleaved data,we also design a page-interleaving friendly page allocation scheme,which splits all the planes into multi-plane re-gions for storing the interleaved data and single-plane regions for storing the normal data.The pages in the multi-plane re-gion can be read/written in parallel by the proposed multi-plane command and avoid the read amplification issue.Based on the DIR scheme and the proposed page allocation scheme,we build DIR-enable FTL,which integrates the proposed schemes into the FTL with some modificatio

关键词： triple-layer cell solid-state drive(TLC SSD) performance interleaving data unbalanced bit error rate

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Impact of body mass index on adverse kidney events in diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic-review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 538-550页

作者： Jing-Fang Wan Yan Chen Tian-Hua Yao Ya-Zhou Wu Huan-Zi Dai department of Nephrology Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China department of Nephrology Chongqing Western HospitalChongqing 400052China Health Statistics Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China department of Nephrology Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China

BACKGROUND The incidence of chronic kidney disease among patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)remains a global concern.Long-term obesity is known to possibly influence the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,no previous meta-analysis has assessed the effects of body mass index(BMI)on adverse kidney events in patients with DM.AIM To determine the impact of BMI on adverse kidney events in patients with DM.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on the PubMed,ISI Web of Science,Scopus,Ovid,Google Scholar,EMBASE,and BMJ databases.We included trials with the following characteristics:(1)Type of study:Prospective,retrospective,randomized,and non-randomized in design;(2)participants:Restricted to patients with DM aged≥18 years;(3)intervention:No intervention;and(4)kidney adverse events:Onset of diabetic kidney disease[estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)of<60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or microalbuminuria value of≥30 mg/g Cr],serum creatinine increase of more than double the baseline or end-stage renal disease(eGFR<15 mL/min/1.73 m2 or dialysis),or death.RESULTS Overall,11 studies involving 801 patients with DM were included.High BMI(≥25 kg/m2)was significantly associated with higher blood pressure(BP)[systolic BP by 0.20,95%confidence interval(CI):0.15–0.25,P<0.00001;diastolic BP by 0.21 mmHg,95%CI:0.04–0.37,P=0.010],serum albumin,triglycerides[standard mean difference(SMD)=0.35,95%CI:0.29–0.41,P<0.00001],low-density lipoprotein(SMD=0.12,95%CI:0.04–0.20,P=0.030),and lower high-density lipoprotein(SMD=–0.36,95%CI:–0.51 to–0.21,P<0.00001)in patients with DM compared with those with low BMIs(<25 kg/m2).Our analysis showed that high BMI was associated with a higher risk ratio of adverse kidney events than low BMI(RR:1.22,95%CI:1.01–1.43,P=0.036).CONCLUSION The present analysis suggested that high BMI was a risk factor for adverse kidney events in patients with DM.

关键词： Obesity Body mass index Diabetes mellitus Adverse kidney events Systematic-review Meta-analysis

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Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi Pedro L.Valenzuela Simon J.Bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel Martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar Martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian Judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behavioural Sciences department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 years.Methods:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,respectively.Outcomes included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;p0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school children.The results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

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The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan C.Mcleod Brad S.Currier Caroline V.Lowisz Stuart M.Phillips department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults.Methods:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 years.Results:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion criteria.The methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were generated.We found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular strength.We discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle mass.There was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical function.Conclusion:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no exercise.RT intensity(load)and weekly frequency impacted RT-

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review

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Lung adenocarcinoma with initial binocular symptoms

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 982-984页

作者： Xiao-Lan Zhao Yan-Qing Jiang Zhen Yang Chao-Qun Liu Xiao-Li Yang department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina department of Ophthalmology North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina

Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This type of metastatic cancer typically affects people aged 40-70y,and is more prevalent in women than men[1].Ocular symptoms,including vision loss,can be an early indication of the disease,as many tumors are asymptomatic in their early stages.Studies have shown that 40.3%of cases involve the macular region,which explains why ocular symptoms are often the first manifestation of the disease[2].When choroidal metastasis is suspected in patients without a history of cancer,a combination of diagnostic tools should be used to identify the primary source of the tumor.Choroidal tumors can serve as an indication of future lung cancer diagnosis in some patients with lung cancer[1].In this report,we present a case of bilateral lung adenocarcinoma where ocular symptoms were the first indication of the disease.

关键词： Lung symptoms adenocarcinoma

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Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 182-196页

作者： Gu Liu Chang-Min Li Fei Xie Qi-Lai Li Liang-Yan Liao Wen-Jun Jiang Xiao-Pan Li Guan-Ming Lu department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630Guangdong ProvinceChina department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Chenzhou Third People’s HospitalChenzhou 423000Hunan ProvinceChina department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Chenzhou First People’s Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan UniversityChenzhou423000 Hunan ProvinceChina department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise 533000Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina department of Health Management Center Zhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route memb

关键词： Belt and Road Initiative countries Colorectal cancer Burden of disease Dietary risk factors Processed meat Disability-adjusted life years Trend analysis

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Independent and Combined Associations of Sleep Duration, Bedtime, and Polygenic Risk Score with the Risk of Hearing Loss among Middle-aged and Old Chinese: The Dongfeng–Tongji Cohort Study

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 721-733页

作者： Miao Liu Haiqing Zhang Zhichao Wang Tingting Mo Xuefeng Lai Yaling He Minghui Jiang Meian He Weijia Kong Tangchun Wu Xiaomin Zhang department of Occupational and Environmental Health Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Healthand State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health(Incubating)School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina department of Otorhinolaryngology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina

Evidence available on the independent and combined associations of sleep duration,bedtime,and genetic predisposition with hearing loss was lacking.The present study included 15,827 participants from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort study.Genetic risk was characterized by polygenic risk score(PRS)based on 37 genetic loci related to hearing loss.We conducted multivariate logistic regression models to assess the odds ratio(OR)for hearing loss with sleep duration and bedtime,as well as the joint association and interaction with PRS.Results showed that hearing loss was independently associated with sleeping≥9 h/night compared to the recommended 7 to9:00 p.***.to 10:00 p.***.compared to those with bedtime>10:00 p.***.to 11:00 p.m.,with estimated ORs of 1.25,1.27,and 1.16,respectively.

关键词： Middle hearing fen

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Updated prevalence of latent prostate cancer in Chinese population and comparison of biopsy results: An autopsy-based study

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 80-87页

作者： Yuliang Chen Zhien Zhou Yi Zhou Zhipeng Mai Shijie Jin Zhen Liang Zhiyuan Shang Yuzhi Zuo Yu Xiao Wenze Wang Haibo Wang Weigang Yan department of Urology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Beijing HospitalNational Centre of GerontologyBeijing 100730China department of Pathology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Peking University Clinical Research Institute Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Prostate cancer detected by autopsy is named latent prostate cancer.As the repertoire of clinical prostate cancer,latent cancer may better reflect the disease burden.Unlike clinical prostate specimens,which are obtained exclusively from biopsy-positive cases,prostate specimens obtained through autopsy provide information on biopsy-negative cases,helping calculate the true sensitivity of prostate biopsy.From 2014 to 2021,we collected autopsy specimens of the prostate from body donors in China and performed transperineal and transrectal biopsies on specimens before step-sectioning and pathological measurements.We found that the crude prevalence of latent prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men was 35.1%(81/231),which was higher than previous estimates for Chinese populations.The overall per-patient sensitivities of transperineal and transrectal biopsies were not significantly different(33.3%vs.32.1%,p=0.82),but the two approaches differed in preferential sampling area along the proximal-distal axis of the prostate.Transperineal biopsy had a higher sensitivity for detecting clinically significant lesions in the distal third(34.7%vs.16.3%,p=0.02)and distal half(30.6%vs.18.1%,p=0.04),while transrectal biopsy had a higher sensitivity for lesions in the proximal half(25.0%vs.13.9%,p=0.046).Both transperineal and transrectal methods of biopsy missed most small lesions(0.5 mL).In conclusion,the prevalence of latent prostate cancer in China has increased over the past 2 decades.Systematic transperineal and transrectal methods of biopsy had comparable sensitivities but had different preferential sampling areas.Both approaches miss one-third of large lesions.

关键词： biopsy prevalence latent

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Risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 308-314页

作者： Xiao-Hui Wang Yong He Huan Zhou Ting Xiao Ran Du Xin Zhang department of Nephrology The Fifth Hospital of WuhanWuhan 430050Hubei ProvinceChina department of Nephrology The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous PrefectureEnshi 445000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients have been found to be at risk of concurrent cognitive dysfunction in previous studies,which has now become an important public health issue of widespread concern.AIM To investigate the risk factors for concurrent cognitive dysfunction in patients with CKD.METHODS This is a prospective cohort study conducted among patients with CKD between October 2021 and March 2023.A questionnaire was formulated by literature review and expert consultation and included questions about age,sex,education level,per capita monthly household income,marital status,living condition,payment method,and hypertension.RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that patients aged 60-79 years[odds ratio(OR)=1.561,P=0.015]and≥80 years(OR=1.760,P=0.013),participants with middle to high school education(OR=0.820,P=0.027),divorced or widowed individuals(OR=1.37,P=0.032),self-funded patients(OR=2.368,P=0.008),and patients with hypertension(OR=2.011,P=0.041)had a higher risk of cognitive impairment.The risk of cognitive impairment was lower for those with a college degree(OR=0.435,P=0.034)and married individuals.CONCLUSION The risk factors affecting cognitive dysfunction are age,60-79 years and≥80 years;education,primary school education or less;marital status,divorced or widowed;payment method,selffunded;hypertension;and CKD.

关键词： Cognitive impairment Cognitive dysfunction Chronic kidney disease

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Bilateral adrenal histoplasmosis in a Malaysian tertiary hospital:Report of four cases

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 91-94页

作者： Kang WH Norasyikin Abdul Wahab department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia department of Medicine Pusat Perubatan Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia

Rationale:Adrenal histoplasmosis can present as bilateral adrenal enlargement with constitutional symptoms and/or adrenal insufficiency.Often these patients are initially investigated as secondary adrenal metastases before eventually their diagnosis established by histopathological examination of the adrenal tissues.Patients concerns:We report 4 cases of patients aged 55-78 who presented with hypocortisolism and bilateral adrenal masses.Diagnoses:Bilateral adrenal histoplasmosis.Interventions:Three patients received antifungal treatment for at least one year while 1 patient passed away before the initiation of antifungal treatment.Outcomes:Two patients’adrenal function recovered not requiring any steroid replacement,while 1 patient still requires long-term steroid replacement.Lessons:Adrenal histoplasmosis should be excluded in patients from endemic areas presenting with bilateral adrenal masses and adrenal insufficiency.Usually patients have an exposure to bird droppings,bat guano or soil contaminated with histoplasmosis fungi.Histopathological examination of biopsied adrenal tissues is still the gold standard investigation as serology and molecular diagnostic methods are still not widely available in most centers in Malaysia.

关键词： Adrenal histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis Bilateral adrenal masses

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