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Insecticide susceptibility status and resistance mechanism of Anopheles cracens Sallum and Peyton and Anopheles maculatus Theobald(Family: Culicidae) from knowlesi malaria endemic areas in Peninsular Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第2期12卷 79-86页

作者： Ahmad Rohani Abdul Rahman Aidil Azahary Ke-Xin Yu Mohamed Nor Zurainee Wan Mohamad Ali Wan Najdah Han Lim Lee Medical entomology unit Institute for Medical Research(Malaysia) Department of parasitology University of Malaya Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Management and Science University(Malaysia)

Objective: To assess the insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles cracens(***) and Anopheles maculatus(***) from knowlesi malaria endemic areas in Peninsular Malaysia towards DDT, malathion and deltamethrin and to determine the resistance mechanism ***: Adult and larval mosquitos were collected for *** status of Anopheles was determined using the standard WHO adult bioassay, larval bioassay and biochemical enzyme ***: WHO adult bioassay results indicated *** collected from Kampung Sungai Ular, Pahang was resistant towards 4% DDT, while *** collected from Kampung Sokor, Kelantan and Kampung Sungai Lui, Selangor exhibited resistance towards 4% ***, the enzyme activity profiles varied according to strains and *** resistance ratio of larval bioassay, showed that all strains and species tested were susceptible to malathion and ***: Since only a few anopheline strains exhibited low level of insecticide resistance towards malathion, DDT and *** insecticides are still considered effective for vector control program towards *** and ***.

关键词： Insecticide susceptibility Vector control WHO adult bioassay Biochemical enzyme assay

Effect of diminazene aceturate,levamisole and vitamin C combination therapy in rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第6期7卷 438-445页

作者： Adieme Ijeoma Chekwube Ezeh Ikenna Onyema Ugochukwu Emmanuel Ikenna Romanus Chukwuduruo Ezeokonkwo Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria Department of Veterinary parasitology and entomology University of Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the effect of diminazene aceturale(DA) alone or in combination with either levamisole and/or Vitamin C in albino rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei ***:Thirty adult male albino rats,randomly assigned into 6 groups(A—F) of 5rats each were *** were either infected with 1×10~a trypanosomes intraperitoneally(groups A-E) or uninfected(group F).The different groups were treated respectively as follows:group A-with 3.5 mg/kg DA;group B-3.5 mg/kg DA and 7.5 mg/kg levamisole;group C-3.S mg/kg DA and 100 mg/kg vitamin C;and group D-3.S mg/kg DA and 7.S mg/kg levamisole and 100 mg/kg vitamin *** E was left *** assessed include:rectal temperature,body weight changes,packed cell volume(PCV),Haemoglobin concentration(Hb),total leucocyte count(TLC) differential leucocyte count(DLC),parasitaemia,clinical signs and ***:Average pre-patent period of 5 days was *** in the blood were cleared in all treated groups(A-D) within 48 hours post treatment(PT).Untreated rats in group E died between25 and 32 days post infection(PI).Relapse was not recorded in all the treated groups(A-D).The initial reduction in PCV,Hb,TLC and increases in rectal temperature following infection were reversed by the *** rats that received drug combinations(groups B,C and D)showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and group ***:Levamisole and/or Vitamin C combination with DA were more effective in the treatment of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei.

关键词： Diminazene aceturate Levamisole Vitamin C Therapy Trypanosoma brucei brucei Rats

Characterization of two novel heat shock protein 70s and their transcriptional expression patterns in response to thermal stress in adult of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第5期17卷 1023-1031页

作者： QIN Jing GAO Peng ZHANG Xiao-xiang LU Ming-xing DU Yu-zhou School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of applied entomology Yangzhou University

Heat shock protein 70（HSP70） is one of the most important members in the heat shock protein family, and plays important roles in the thermotolerance of insect. To explore the molecular mechanism of thermotolerance of Frankliniella occidentalis adults, the difference in the expression of HSP70s in F. occidentalis male or female adults under the thermal stress was studied under the laboratory conditions. Two full length c DNAs of HSP70s gene（Fohsc704 and Fohsc705） were cloned from F. occidentalis by using RT-PCR and RACE. The genomic sequence was demonstrated by genomic validation, and the position and size of the intron were analyzed by sequence analysis of c DNA. Real-time PCR was used to analyze the HSP70 expression patterns. The c DNA of Fohsc704 and Fohsc705 possessed 2 073 and 1 476 bp which encoded 690 and 491 amino acids（aa） with a calculated molecular weight of 75 and 54 k Da, respectively. Four introns in Fohsc704 and six introns in Fohsc705 protein were found. However, the HSP70 protein sequences in our study were ended with EKKN and GIFL, which were different from the reported Fo HSP70s. Various expression patterns of Fohsc704 and Fohsc705 were found in both genders of F. occidentalis under thermal stress. The expression of Fohsc704 and Fohsc705 reached to the highest level at –12 and –8°C in male adults, respectively, and Fohsc705 expressed the highest level at 33°C in female adults. In conclusion, HSP70s of F. occidentalis in our study are novel heat shock proteins. There were difference in expression patterns of the two hsc70s in genders of F. occidentalis, and the two HSP70s play important roles in the thermotolerance of F. occidentalis.

关键词： Frankliniella occidentalis HSP70 temperature gene cloning expression

Clinical and molecular features of human cystic echinococcosis in Tehran,Iran,2011-2019

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第12期15卷 558-567页

作者： Narges Amani Hamedani Majid Pirestani Abdolhossein Dalimi parasitology&entomology Department Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Objective:To evaluate the clinical and molecular features of human cystic echinococcosis in Tehran,***:In this cross-sectional study,all human cystic echinococcosis patients admitted to Tehran’s hospitals from 2011 to 2019 were enrolled,and demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory data were ***,paraffin-embedded and fresh tissue samples of 175 cystic echinococcosis patients were evaluated for molecular *** samples’isolated DNA was used to amplify cytochrome c oxidaseⅠand NADH dehydrogenase subunitⅠ***,the morphological features of fresh samples were ***:In total,175 patients with a mean age of 45(9-98)years were admitted to Tehran’s hospitals diagnosed with cystic ***,the highest(26.9%)and the lowest(2.9%)prevalence of cystic echinococcosis cases were in the 16-30 and 1-15 years range,***/female ratio was 0.96(49.1%vs.50.9%).The liver was affected in 92 patients(52.6%),and two or more organs were infected in 7 patients(4.0%).The cysts’diameter varied from 1 to 25 cm,and 96.0%of the patients had a single hydatid *** patients underwent radical surgery and the PAIR technique was applied for all *** significant difference was observed between the protoscolex hooks of pulmonary and hepatic cysts.G1-G3 had the highest percentage(99.4%)over other identified G6 genotypes(0.6%).Conclusions:The sheep-dog cycle plays an important role in transmitting the human cystic echinococcosis infection in Tehran.

关键词： Human cystic echinococcosis Clinical features Genotype Tehran

Ecology and management of Bactericera cockerelli and Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum in New Zealand

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第2期19卷 333-337页

作者： Jessica VEREIJSSEN applied entomology the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited

The psyllid Bactericera cockerelli was first reported in New Zealand in 2006 and spread quickly throughout all potato growing *** 2009,*** was associated with the plant pathogenic bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum,the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease in *** the psyllid and the bacterium have non-crop host plants which can serve as reservoirs when the crop is not *** apply different management strategies that fit integrated pest management programmes to manage *** and subsequently lower incidence of zebra chip disease in potato *** best management efforts,complete control of *** and zero incidence of zebra chip disease are not achievable at the current time.

关键词： Bactericera cockerelli Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum potato insect vector

Venom gland of the ichneumonid Diadromus collaris： morphology, ultrastructure and age-related changes

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Insect Science 2006年第2期13卷 137-143页

作者： WEI-DI LI RUI-XIAN YU XUE-XIN CHEN JUN-HUA HE Institute of applied entomology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Females of the solitary parasitoid Diadromus collaris （Insecta： Hymenoptera： Ichneumonidae） lay eggs in the pupae of Plutella xylostella （Lepidoptera： Plutellidae）, and the venom is synchronously injected into hosts. The venom apparatus consists of two glandular tubules terminating in a common reservoir, A ductule connects the reservoir with the sting apparatus, by which the reservoir content enters the latter. Secretory units line the two glandular tubules. All secretory cells belong to dermal gland type Ⅲ. Dermal gland cells in glandular tubules are more abundant and developed than those in the reservoir. There are extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum and electrondense vesicles, and the microvilli are well developed. By the cuticle-lined central funnel secretion products of secretory units reach the reservoir. Moreover, the secretory apparatus undergoes age-related changes. The secretory units in the venom gland are better developed and more vigorous 7 days after eclosion than those 1 day after eclosion; autolytic processes occur 15 days after eclosion, and the tissue of the reservoir is more prostrate 15 day after eclosion than those 1 day after eclosion. The ovipostion peak of this parasitoid, about 3-7 days after eclosion, corresponds with the period when the venom gland is highly developed in the life span of the wasp.

关键词： age-related changes Diadromus collaris Ichneumonidae morphology,ultrastructure venom gland

Molecular differentiation of the microgastrine species commonly found in paddy fields from Southeast Asia,with additional data on their phylogeny （Hymenoptera：Braconidae）

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Insect Science 2005年第3期12卷 155-162页

作者： MINSHI XUE-XINCHEN Institute of applied entomology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Partial DNA sequences of three genes, that is, mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit (16S), nuclear large ribosomal subunit (28S D2) and mitochondrial NADH1 dehydrogenase (NADH1) gene, were sequenced from different microgas trine species(Braconidae: Microgastrinae) collected fresh from paddy fields. The DNA sequences were used to determine the extent of sequence variation among species in order to evaluate the specific status of each species. Cladistic analysis was also used to infer a phylogenetic relationship among these species. The results showed that sequence divergence among species of the same genus Cotesia was much lower than those among different genera, such as Cotesia, Exoryza and Apanteles; the sequence similarity of 16S rDNA and NADH 1 genes between Cotesia sp. and C. chilonis was higher than that between C. sp. and C. *** analyses suggested that four species of Cotesia were always grouped in the same clade regardless of using different analysis methods; Cotesia sp. and C. chilonis are more closely related to each other than to C. ruficrus, different from previous morphological results. Additionally, sequence analyses indicated that NADH1 gene has more parsimony informative characters than 28S rDNA D2 and 16S rDNA at the species-level analysis,indicating that NADH1 gene might be a useful marker for species-level analysis.

关键词： molecular differentiation microgastrinae cotesia exoryza apanteles paddyfield

Larvicidal efficacies and chemical composition of essential oils of Pinus sylvestris and Syzygium aromaticum against mosquitoes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第1期4卷 30-34页

作者： Kehinde Adenike Fayemiwo Monsuru Adebayo Adeleke Ovie Princewill Okoro Shola Hezekiah Awojide Ilias Olufemi Awoniyi Department of Chemical Sciences Osun State University Public Health entomology and parasitology unit Department of Biological SciencesOsun State University

Objective:To assess the chemical composition and mosquito larvicidal potentials of essential oils of locally sourced Pinus sylvestris(***)and Syzygium aromatkum(***)against Aedes aegypti(***)and Culex quinquefasciatus(***).Method:The chemical composition of the essential oils of both plants was determined using GCMS while the larvicidal bioassay was carried out using different concentrations of the oils against the larvae of *** and *** in accordance with the standard ***:The results as determined by GC-MS showed that oil of *** has eugenol(80.5%)as its principal constituent while *** has 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol,.alpha.,.alpha.4-trimethyl(27.1%)as its dominant *** oils achieved over 85%larval mortality within24 *** larvae of *** were more susceptible to the oils[LC_(50)(***)=92.56 mg/L,LC_(50)(***)=100.39 mg/L]than ***[LC_(50)(***)=124.42 mg/L;LC_(50)(***)=128.00 mg/L].*** oil was more toxic to the mosquito larvae than oil of *** but the difference in lethal concentrations was insignificant(P>0.05).Condusioii:The results justify the larvicidal potentials of both essential oils and the need to incorporate them in vector management and control.

关键词： Essential oils Chemical analysis Larvicides Mosquitoes Pinus sylvestris Syzygium aromaticum

Epidemiological situation and molecular identification of cercarial stage in freshwater snails in Chao-Phraya Basin, Central Thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第6期6卷 539-545页

作者： Sothorn Anucherngchai Thanawan Tejangkura Thapana Chontananarth applied parasitology Research Laboratory Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceSrinakharinwirot University

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of cercarial trematode infection in snails and to examine the reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationship to explain the molecular system of cercarial stage trematodes to estimate the infection rate of in the definite host from the Chao-Phraya ***: The snails were collected from 10 provinces of the Chao-Phraya Basin,Thailand by stratified sampling method. The snails were examined for cercarial infection by the crushing method. All DNA specimens were amplified with internal transcribed spacer 3(ITS3) and ITS4 primer based on PCR technique. The sequence data were aligned and used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means with 10 000 ***: The overall rate of cercarial infection was found to be 5.90%(122/2 067). Snails in the family Thiaridae were found to be in the highest prevalence followed by Lymnaeidae, Bithyniidae, Planorbidae, Viviparidae, and Ampullariidae, respectively, while the Buccinidae family(Clea helena) did not reveal any infections. The frequently found species of cercariae were parapleurolophocercous cercariae, cercariae and megarulous cercariae. The monophyletic tree separated the snails into five groups comprised of Heterophyidae, Strigeidae, Lecithodendriidae, Philophthalmidae and Echinostomatidae using the sequence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis as an ***: This study was the first to report on cercarial infection in the Chao-Phraya Basin, Thailand. This revealed that a high variety of freshwater snails were infected by cercariae stage trematodes with a high prevalence. The sequence data of ITS2 can be used to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of trematodes at the family level and in each clade of different families separated by the definitive hosts.

关键词： Prevalence Molecular identification Cercarial infection Freshwater snails Thailand