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Novel biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第17期29卷 2515-2533页

作者： Tasuku Matsuoka Masakazu Yashiro Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineOsaka 5458585Japan

Gastric cancer(GC)remains a leading cause of cancer-related death *** than half of GC cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to its lack of early *** is a heterogeneous disease associated with a number of genetic and somatic *** detection and effective monitoring of tumor progression are essential for reducing GC disease burden and *** current widespread use of semi-invasive endoscopic methods and radiologic approaches has increased the number of treatable cancers:However,these approaches are invasive,costly,and ***,novel molecular noninvasive tests that detect GC alterations seem to be more sensitive and specific compared to the current *** technological advances have enabled the detection of blood-based biomarkers that could be used as diagnostic indicators and for monitoring postsurgical minimal residual *** biomarkers include circulating DNA,RNA,extracellular vesicles,and proteins,and their clinical applications are currently being *** identification of ideal diagnostic markers for GC that have high sensitivity and specificity would improve survival rates and contribute to the advancement of precision *** review provides an overview of current topics regarding the novel,recently developed diagnostic markers for GC.

关键词： Gastric cancer Diagnostic biomarkers Early detection liquid biopsy

The 150 most important questions in cancer research and clinical oncology series: questions 94-101

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 736-744页

作者： Cancer Communications Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou 510060P.R.China

Since the beginning of 2017,Cancer Communications(former title:Chinese Journal of Cancer)has published a series of important questions regarding cancer research and clinical oncology,to provide an enhanced stimulus for can-cer research,and to accelerate collaborations between institutions and *** this edition,the following 8 valuable questions are *** *** origin of tumors:time for a new paradigm?Question *** can we accelerate the identification of biomarkers for the early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?Question *** we improve the treatment outcomes of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through precision medicine guided by a combination of the genetic and proteomic information of the tumor?Question *** are the parameters that determine a competent immune system that gives a complete response to cancers after immune induction?Question *** high local concentration of metformin essential for its anti-cancer activity?Question *** can we monitor the emergence of cancer cells anywhere in the body through plasma testing?Question *** phytochemicals be more specific and efficient at targeting P-glycoproteins to overcome multi-drug resistance in cancer cells?Question *** cell migration a selectable trait in the natural evolution of carcinoma?

关键词： Tumor origin Polyploid giant cancer cell Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Biomarker liquid biopsy Spontaneous animal model Metastasis Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Precision treatment Vaccine immunization Metformin Circulating tumor cell Circulating tumor DNA CpG methylation Methylation haplotype block Phytochemicals P-Glycoprotein Multi-drug resistance P-Glycoprotein inhibitor Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition Migration Pro-migratory gene

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Analysis of tumor-draining vein secretome: A direct access to tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in surgical lung cancer patients

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BIOCELL 2023年第5期47卷 951-957页

作者： YANGYI HE DAVID SANCHEZ-LORENTE MELISSA ACOSTA-PLASENCIA MARC BOADA ANGELA GUIRAO RAMON MMARRADES LAUREANO MOLINS ALFONS NAVARRO Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory Department of Surgery and Surgical SpecializationsHuman Anatomy UnitFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona08036Spain School of Basic Medical Sciences Chengdu UniversityChengdu610106China Department of Thoracic Surgery Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona08036Spain Thoracic Oncology Unit Hospital ClinicBarcelona08036Spain Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS) Barcelona08036Spain Department of Pneumology Institut Clínic Respiratori(ICR)Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona08036Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid28029Spain

Tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles(EVs)participate in the metastasis process through different mechanisms,including the preparation of the pre-metastatic niche to grant circulating tumor cells(CTCs)implantation and *** study of the metastasis process through the analysis of CTCs and tumor-derived EVs is difficult because of the dilution grade of these elements in peripheral *** early-stage lung cancer patients,the tumor-secreted products are even more *** attractive strategy in surgical lung cancer patients is to purify them from a pulmonary tumor-draining vein where they are *** information obtained from the analysis of EVs and CTCs purified from this source could give more accurate information about tumor biology and could be an important source of biomarkers to identify patients at high risk of relapse after curative surgery.

关键词： Lung cancer liquid biopsy Tumor-draining vein Extracellular vesicles Exosomes

Potential utility of liquid biopsies in the management of patients with biliary tract cancers:A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第9期13卷 1073-1085页

作者： Rohan Shotton Angela Lamarca Juan Valle Mairéad G McNamara Department of Medical Oncology The Christie NHS Foundation TrustManchester M204BXUnited Kingdom Division of Cancer Sciences School of Medical SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Biliary tract cancer,comprising gallbladder cancer,cholangiocarcinoma and ampullary cancer,represents a more uncommon entity outside high-endemic areas,though global incidence is *** majority of patients present at a late stage,and 5-year survival remains *** stage disease is incurable,and though palliative chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival,further diagnostic and therapeutic options are required in order to improve patient *** certain subtypes of biliary tract cancer are relatively rich in targetable mutations,attaining tumour tissue for histological diagnosis and treatment monitoring is challenging due to locoregional anatomical constraints and patient *** biopsies offer a safe and convenient alternative to invasive procedures and have great potential as diagnostic,predictive and prognostic *** this review,the current standard of care for patients with biliary tract cancer,future treatment horizons and the possible utility of liquid biopsies within a variety of contexts will be *** tumour DNA,circulating microRNA and circulating tumour cells are discussed with an overview of their potential applications in management of biliary tract cancer.A summary is also provided of currently recruiting clinical trials incorporating liquid biopsies within biliary tract cancer research.

关键词： Biliary tract cancer liquid biopsy Circulating tumour DNA Cell free DNA Circulating tumour cells Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer screening: Modalities and adherence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3048-3051页

作者： Georgios Metaxas Athena Papachristou Martha Stathaki Department of Surgery Elena Venizelou HospitalAthens 11521Greece

In the last decade,several studies have explored various modalities and strategies for colorectal cancer(CRC)screening,taking into account epidemiological data,individual characteristics,and socioeconomic *** this editorial,we comment further on a retrospective study by Agatsuma et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of *** focus is on screening trends,particularly in relation to efforts to improve the currently suboptimal uptake among the general population worldwide,aiming to enhance early diagnosis rates of *** is a need to raise awareness through health edu-cation programs and to consider the use of readily available,non-invasive screening *** strategies are crucial for attracting screen-eligible populations to participate in first-line screening,especially those in high-or average-risk groups and in regions with limited *** biopsies and biomarkers represent rapidly evolving trends in screening and diagnosis;however,their clinical relevance has yet to be standardized.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening test High-risk group Strategies Biomarker liquid biopsy Screening adherence

Emerging blood-based biomarkers for detection of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11636-11653页

作者： Zane Kalnina Irēna Meistere Ilze Kikuste Ivars Tolmanis Pawel Zayakin Aija Linē Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre Digestive Diseases Centre GASTRO Faculty of Medicine University of Latvia

Early detection and efficient monitoring of tumor dynamics are prerequisites for reducing disease burden and mortality, and for improving the management of patients with gastric cancer(GC). Blood-based biomarker assays for the detection of early-stage GC could be of great relevance both for population-wide or risk groupbased screening programs, while circulating biomarkers that reflect the genetic make-up and dynamics of the tumor would allow monitoring of treatment efficacy, predict recurrences and assess the genetic heterogeneity of the tumor. Recent research to identify blood-based biomarkers of GC has resulted in the identification of a wide variety of cancer-associated molecules, including various proteins, autoantibodies against tumor associated antigens, cell-free DNA fragments, m RNAs and various non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles. Each type of these biomarkers provides different information on the disease status, has different advantages and disadvantages, and distinct clinical usefulness. In the current review, we summarize the recent developments in blood-based GC biomarker discovery, discuss the origin of various types of biomarkers and their clinical usefulness and the technological challenges in the development of biomarker assays for clinical use.

关键词： Gastric cancer Biomarker liquid biopsy Cell-free DNA Cell-free RNA Extracellular vesides Autoantibodies Proteomics

Progress on diagnostic and prognostic markers of pancreatic cancer

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Oncology Research 2023年第2期31卷 83-99页

作者： HONG YANG WAN LI LIWEN REN YIHUI YANG YIZHI ZHANG BINBIN GE SHA LI XIANGJIN ZHENG JINYI LIU SEN ZHANG GUANHUA DU BO TANG HONGQUAN WANG JINHUA WANG The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Beijing100050China Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China Department of Pancreatic Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin300060China

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant disease characterized by low survival and high recurrence rate,whose patients are mostly at the stage of locally advanced or metastatic disease when first *** diagnosis is particularly important because prognostic/predictive markers help guide optimal individualized treatment *** far,CA19-9 is the only biomarker for pancreatic cancer approved by the FDA,but its effectiveness is limited by low sensitivity and *** recent advances in genomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and other analytical and sequencing technologies,the rapid acquisition and screening of biomarkers is now *** biopsy also occupies a significant place due to its unique *** this review,we systematically describe and evaluate the available biomarkers that have the greatest potential as vital tools in diagnosing and treating pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Biomarkers liquid biopsy Systematic review

Circulating tumor DNA dynamics analysis in a xenograft mouse model with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7134-7143页

作者： Hiroyuki Terasawa Hideaki Kinugasa Kazuhiro Nouso Shumpei Yamamoto Mami Hirai Takehiro Tanaka Akinobu Takaki Hiroyuki Okada Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama 7008558Japan Department of Pathology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama 7008558Japan

BACKGROUND It remains unclear which factors,such as tumor volume and tumor invasion,influence circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),and the origin of ctDNA in liquid biopsy is always *** use liquid biopsies clinically,it will be very important to address these *** To assess the origin of ctDNA,clarify the dynamics of ctDNA levels,assess ctDNA levels by using a xenograft mouse after treatment,and to determine whether tumor volume and invasion are related to ctDNA *** Tumor xenotransplants were established by inoculating BALB/c-nu/nu mice with the TE11 cell *** of mice were injected with xenografts at two or four sites and sacrificed at the appropriate time point after xenotransplantation for ctDNA *** of ctDNA was performed by droplet digital PCR,using the human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)*** Mice given two-site xenografts were sacrificed for ctDNA at week 4 and week *** hTERT was detected at week 4,but it was detected at week ***,in four-site xenograft mice,hTERT was detected both at week 4 and week *** experiments revealed that both tumor invasion and tumor volume were asso ciated with the detection of *** resection experiments,hTERT was detected at resection,but had decreased by 6 h,and was no longer detected 1 and 3 d after *** We clarified the origin and dynamics of ctDNA,showing that tumor volume is an important *** also found that when the tumor was completely resected,ctDNA was absent after one or more days.

关键词： liquid biopsy Circulating tumor DNA Xenograft Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Dynamics of circulating tumor DNA

Existing and emerging biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma:relevance in staging,determination of minimal residual disease,and monitoring treatment response:a narrative review

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 39-55页

作者： Dana A.Dominguez Paul Wong Laleh G.Melstrom Department of Surgical Oncology City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCAUSA University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA

Background and Objective:With the development of novel active systemic therapies,the landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)management is rapidly ***,HCC lacks sensitive and specific biomarkers to predict prognosis,monitor for minimal residual disease after locoregional therapy,and predict treatment *** this review,we aim to summarize the best supporting evidence for refining existing,and development of novel biomarkers for staging,prognosis,determination of minimal residual disease and monitoring treatment response in HCC,focusing on those with evidence in clinical ***:PubMed and Embase databases were searched using the keywords;hepatocellular carcinoma,biomarker,minimal residual disease,surveillance,prognosis,staging,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),liquid biopsy,treatment response,adjuvant,*** clinical studies were *** Content and Findings:AFP remains the major workhorse as the most widely used biomarker in HCC,however,its lack of wide applicability due to the high proportion of patients with HCC who are AFP negative,limits its value throughout all stages of HCC *** work has been done to combine AFP with other clinical and serologic factors to increase its accuracy and utility as a ***,it is likely that other more novel biomarkers such as those obtained through liquid biopsy will provide the prognostic power necessary for applications such as detecting recurrence and predicting treatment *** biopsy provides not only a wealth of potential biomarkers including circulating tumor cells and cell-free RNA/DNA,but also the ability to examine the mutational characteristics of the tumor with next generation *** early evidence supports the potential impact of many new biomarkers,validation in large clinical trials is ***:This review highlights the paucity of sensitive and specific,widely applicable biomarkers,throughout all phases of management of

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) biomarker liquid biopsy alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)