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Reduced efficacy of single-dose Albendazole against Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura, and high reinfection rate after cure among school children in southern Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 95-96页

作者： Tigist Dires Gebreyesus Eyasu Makonnen Tafesse Tadele Kalkidan Mekete Habtamu Gashaw Heran Gerba Eleni Aklillu Department of Global Public Health Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority Addis Ababa Ethiopia Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Departments of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Sciences Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia Ethiopian Public Health Institute Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Background Mass drug administration(MDA)program of Albendazole to at-risk populations as preventive chemo-therapy is the core public health intervention to control soil-transmitted helminths(STHs).Achieving this goal relies on drug effectiveness in reducing the parasite reservoirs in the community and preventing reinfection.We assessed the effcacy of Albendazole against STH parasite infection and reinfection status after cure.Methods A total of 984 schoolchildren infected with at least one type of STH parasite(hookworm,Ascaris lumbri-coides,Trichuris trichiura)in southern Ethiopia were enrolled and received Albendazole and praziquantel in MDA campaign conducted from January to March 2019.Stool exams at week-4 and at week-8 of post-MDA were done using Kato Katz technique.The primary outcome was effcacy assessed by cure rate(CR)and fecal egg reduction rates(ERRs)at four weeks of post-MDA.The secondary outcome was reinfection status defined as parasite egg positivity at eight weeks among those who were cured at 4 weeks of post-MDA.Group comparisons in CR and related factors were assessed with chi-square or Fisher's exact tests.Predictors of CR were examined through univariate and multi-variate regression analyses.Results The overall CR and ERR for hookworm infection were 97.2%(95%CI:94.6-99.4)and 97.02%,respectively.The overall CR and ERR for A.lumbricoides were 71.5%(95%CI:68.3-74.6)and 84.5% respectively.The overall CR and ERR and for T.trichiura were 49.5%(95%CI:44.8-54.2)and 68.3%,respectively.The CR among moderate T.trichiura infec-tion intensity was 28.6%.Among children cured of hookworm,A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura at week 4 post-MDA,4.6%,18.3% and 52.4% became reinfected at week-8 post-MDA,respectively.Significantly lower CR(36.6%)and higher reinfection after cure(60.6%)among A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura coinfected children than A.lumbricoides only(CR=69.6%,reinfection rate=15.1%)or T.trichiura only infected children(CR=55.6%,reinfection rate=47.1%)was observed.Pre-treatment coinfection with≥two types of

关键词： Soil transmitted helminths Neglected tropical diseases Preventive chemotherapy Albendazole School age children Ethiopia

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Effectiveness of ivermectin mass drug administration in the control of soil-transmitted helminth infections in endemic populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： Brandon Le Naomi E.Clarke Nicolas Legrand Susana Vaz Nery The Kirby Institute University of New South WalesLevel 6Wallace Wurth BuildingSydneyNSW2052Australia

Background Current soil-transmitted helminth(STH)control guidelines endorse the use of Albendazole or meben-dazole for school-based targeted preventive chemotherapy(PC),yet their reduced efficacy against Strongyloides sterc-oralis and Trichuris trichiura presents significant limitations.Emerging evidence indicates that community-wide PC[or mass drug administration(MDA)]using ivermectin,commonly used in other neglected tropical disease(NTD)control programs,may play an important role in controlling these parasites.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of ivermectin PC in reducing STH prevalence in endemic populations.Methods We searched Pubmed,EMBASE,and Web of Science on February 14,2023,for studies that investigated the effectiveness of ivermectin PC,either alone or in combination with other anthelmintic drugs,on STH infec-tions,and provided a measure of STH prevalence before and after PC.We calculated pooled prevalence reductions for each STH using random-effects meta-analyses.Our protocol is available on PROSPERO(registration number CRD42023401219).Results A total of 21 were eligible for the systematic review,of which 15 were eligible for meta-analysis.All studies delivered ivermectin through MDA.The pooled prevalence reduction of S.stercoralis following MDA with ivermec-tin alone was 84.49%(95%CI:54.96-94.66)across five studies and 81.37%(95% CI:61.62-90.96)across seven studies with or without Albendazole.The prevalence reduction of T.trichiura was 49.93%(95%CI:18.23-69.34)across five studies with ivermectin alone,and 89.40%(95%CI:73.66-95.73)across three studies with the addition of Albendazole.There was high heterogeneity for all syntheses(I^(2)>65%).Conclusions This study underscores the key role of ivermectin-based MDA in addressing limitations in current global STH guidelines in terms of limited efficacy against S.stercoralis and T.trichiura.Based on these findings,revising inter-national STH guidelines to include ivermectin is a promising option to progress the

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths vermectin Albendazole Mass drug administration Preventive chemotherapy

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Long-term Albendazole therapy for diffuse parenchymal neurocysticercosis in an immunocompetent patient:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第2期16卷 89-91页

作者： Paulus Sugianto Abdulloh Machin Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah Cindy Cecilia Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General-HospitalSurabayaIndonesia

Rationale:Neurocysticercosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the larvae of Taenia solium and may occur in immunocompetent people.We report a case of diffuse parenchymal neurocysticercosis mimicking tuberculous meningitis in an immunocompetent patient.Patient concerns:A 24-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with serial focal to generalized seizure,left body weakness,left abducens palsy,chronic cough,and body weight loss.She came from an area where she was unlikely to have contact with Taenia solium.Diagnosis:Diffuse parenchymal neurocysticercosis.Intervention:Valproic acid,dexamethasone and 15 months of Albendazole therapy.Outcome:Complete recovery without any neurological sequelae.

关键词： cysticercosis Albendazole patient

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CSF-VP shunt placement and Albendazole therapy for cerebral cysticercosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2002年第6期115卷 136-138页

作者：朱利平翁心华石尧忠潘孝彰莫凌 Department of Infectious Diseases Hua Shan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China. lipingzhu@***

ZHU Liping , WENG Xinhua , SHI Yaozhong, PAN Xiaozhang and MO Ling Department of Infectious Diseases, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China (Zhu LP, Weng XH, Shi YZ, Pan XZ and Mo L)

关键词： CSF-VP shunt Albendazole cerebral cysticercosis

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Effects of Albendazole,artesunate,praziquantel and miltefosine,on Opisthorchis viverrini cercariae and mature metacercariae

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第2期10卷 120-126页

作者： Phornphitcha Pechdee Monticha Chaiyasaeng Chanisala Sereewong Jukkrid Chaiyos Apiporn Suwannatrai Sutee Wongmaneeprateep Smarn Tesana Food-Borne Parasite Research Group Department of ParasitologyFaculty of MedicineKhon Kaen University Department of Fisheries Faculty of AgricultureKhon Kaen University

Objective:To explore larvicidal effects of anthelmintic drugs on Opisthorchis viverrini(O.viverrini) for alternative approach to interrupting its cycle for developing a field-based control program.Methods:The larvicidal activities of Albendazole(A1),artesunate(Ar),praziquantel(Pzq) and miltefosine(Mf) on O.viverrini cercariae and mature metacercariae were investigated.Lethal concentrations(LC_(50) and LC_(95)) of these drugs were determined.Mature metacercariae previously exposed to various concentrations of the drugs were administered to hamsters.Worms were harvested 30 d post infection and worm recovery rates calculated.Al,Ar,Pzq and Mf produced morphological degeneration and induced shedding tails of cercariae after 24 h exposure.Results:The LC_(50) and LC_(95) of Al,Ar,Pzq and Mf on cercariae were 0.720 and 1.139,0.350 and 0.861,0.017 and 0.693,and 0.530 and 1.134 ppm,respectively.LC_(50) and LC_(95) of Ar on mature metacercariae were 303.643 and 446.237 ppm and of Mf were 289.711 and 631.781 ppm,respectively but no lethal effect in Pzq-and Al-treated groups(up to 1 ppt).No worms were found in hamsters administered Pzq-treated metacercariae.The adult worms from Al-treated metacercariae were significantly bigger in size compared to the control group(P<0.05).Fecundity and body width were greater in adults from Mf-treated metacercariae compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:The larvicidal effects of these drugs were high efficacy to O.viverrini cercariae but lesser efficacy to metacercariae.It should be further studied with the eventual aim of developing a field-based control program.

关键词： Albendazole Artesunate Praziquantel Miltefosine Opisthorchis viverrini Cercariae

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A novel tumor-targeting treatment strategy uses energy restriction via co-delivery of Albendazole and nanosilver

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Nano Research 2018年第9期11卷 4507-4523页

作者： Jianming Liang Ruixiang Li Yuwei He Chengli Ling Qi Wang Yongzhuo Huang Jing Qin Weigen Lu Jianxin Wang Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education Shanghai 201203 China Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510006 China Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Rd. Shanghai201203 China Shanghailnstitute of Pharmaceuticallndustry China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry 285 Gebaini Rd. Shanghai201203 China School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No 1166 Liu TaiAvenue Wenjiang District Chengdu 610072 China

Although nanotechnology has been rapidly developed and applied in tumor targeting, the outcome of chemotherapy remains greatly restricted by the toxicity of cytotoxic drugs in normal tissues and cells. Therefore, the development of alternative delivery systems, with few side effects in normal cells, has attracted increasing attention. Energy restriction is a novel and promising approach to cancer treatment, which can restrict tumor growth via inhibition of cellular energy metabolism. In this study, a novel tumor targeting system, based on folate-conjugated bovine serum albumin （BSA）, was developed to co-deliver Albendazole and nanosilver simultaneously, to restrain the energy metabolism of tumor cells. This nanosystem showed stronger anti-tumor efficacy than those using nanoparticles without folic acid modification, nanosilver, or Albendazole, both in vitro and in vivo. This nanosystem depleted cellular ATP via direct inhibition of glycolytic enzymes and mitochondrial damage, resulting in inhibition of proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. The enhanced anti-tumor activity contributed to the tumor-targeting ability of this system, resulting in specific energy inhibition in tumor cells. Toxicity evaluation was performed to confirm the safety of this system. This nanosystem provides an efficient and safe strate~ for tumor therapy.

关键词： Albendazole nano silver co-delivery tumor targeting energy metabolism

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Current status of the efficacy and effectiveness of Albendazole and mebendazole for the treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides in North-Western Indonesia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 605-609页

作者： Inke Nadia Diniyanti Lubis Syahril Pasaribu Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Department of Paediatrics School of MedicineUniversity of North SumateraMedanIndonesia

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and effectiveness of Albendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) in the North-Western Indonesia.Methods: 229 primary school children who were positive for A.lumbricoides in their stool were recruited in the study.123 children received single-dose of 400 mg Albendazole and 106 children received single-dose 500 mg of mebendazole.After 1 week,their stools were examined for the cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate(ERR).Egg culture was also performed and observation was made on week-1,-3,-4.Results:have shown a non-significant difference in CR 96.7%vs.100%:and ERR of 99.3%vs.100.0%for Albendazole and mebendazole groups respectively(P>0.05).In-vitro egg culture has shown trends of decrease in the percentage of the unfertilized eggs and in≥2 cell eggs in both treatment groups(PAlbendazole groups has shown an increase from 7.3%on week-1 to 13.8%on week-4,whilst the mebendazole group has shown a constant increase during the whole 4 weeks of culture from 7.5%to 28.3%(PAlbendazole is better than mebendazole in sterilizing A.lumbricoides eggs.

关键词： Ascaris lumbricoides Albendazole Mebendazole Drug resistance

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Continuous long-term Albendazole therapy in intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2000年第9期113卷 59-64页

作者：刘约翰王小根吴景全 Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Department of Radiology Chongqing University of Medical Sciences

To assess the therapeutic effects of long-term Albendazole therapy in intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis Methods Fifteen patients with a total of 45 cysts were treated with Albendazole with dosage regimen of 20 *!mg·kg -1 ·d -1 for an average of 2 5 years Repeated CT and ultrasound scannings (US) were performed after the end of therapy The duration of follow-up was 3 6 years on average The number, size and morpiology of cysts were compared before and after treatment Results The hydatid cysts were classified according to location and CT patterns into hepatic simple cysts, hepatic cysts with daughter cysts, hepatic/abdominal cysts and splenic cysts The hepatic simple cysts responded most favorably to Albendazole therapy, with an overall cure rate of 88 7% The disappearance of cysts was observed in 43 0% of cases (15/35) Sixteen cysts (45 7%) became solidified or calcified, among which 8 cysts were completely calcified, 6 showed egg shell-like calcification of the cystic walls, and 2 showed solidification and calcification of cyst contents Four patients had large hepatic cysts containing daughter cysts; the daughter cysts all disappeared after treatment, but one patient relapsed with the reappearance of daughter cysts at 4-year follow-up Two splenic cysts also calcified Two patients had peritoneal cysts; one calcified and the other one reduced in size Among 15 patients treated, 9 were cured and 6 were improved There was no serious toxic reactions with continuous long-term therapy in a small series of patients Conclusions Continuous long-term Albendazole treatment of intraabdominal cystic echinococcosis is safe and effective in the treatment of hepatic simple cysts, and some daughter cysts, peritoneal secondary cysts and splenic cysts No serious toxic reactions were found

关键词： cystic echinococcosis Albendazole computed tomography

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Study on the inclusion interaction of methylated-β-cyclodextrins with Albendazole by spectrofluorimetry and its application

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2008年第8期19卷 951-954页

作者： Guo Yan Zhao Hao Wu Sheng Li Dong Li Ming Du Analytical and Testing Center Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 China

The inclusion interaction between three types of methylated-β-cyclodextrins （Me-β-CDs） and Albendazole （ABZ） was studied by spectrofluorimetry. The result showed that Me-β-CDs reacted with ABZ to form an inclusion complex, 1： 1 stoichiometry for Me- β-CDs-ABZ complex was established and its association constant have been determined from fluorescence data by Benesi- Hildebrand＇s method （double reciprocal plots）. It was noted that 2,6-DM-β-CD exhibited stronger binding ability than other Me-β- CDs. Based on the significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity of inclusion complex, a simple and highly sensitive fluorimetric method is proposed for the determination of ABZ in the presence of 2,6-DM-β-CD. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of ABZ in tablets and human urine.

关键词： Methylated-β-cyclodextrins Albendazole Spectrofluorimetry

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Formulation and evaluation of Albendazole microcapsules for colon delivery using chitosan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第5期3卷 374-378页

作者： Simi SP Saraswathi R Sankar C Krishnan PN Dilip C Ameena K Al Shifa College Of Pharmacy KizhatturPerinthalmannaKerala.Pin-679325India

Objective:To formulate and evaluate Albendazole microcapsules using chitosan,a natural polymer for colon-specific delivery for better treatment of helminthiasis,filariasis,colorectal cancer,avoiding the side effects.Methods:The Albendazole microcapsules were prepared by the use of different concentrations of sodium alginate,chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC).The polysaccharides chitosan reacted with sodium alginate in the presence of calcium chloride to form microcapsules with a polyelectrolyte complex membrane by electrostatic interactions between the two oppositely charged polymers.The microcapsules were then studied for entrapment efficiency,drug-polymer compatibility and surface morphology. In vitro drug release study in presence and absence of cecal content were also studied.Further, kinetic modellings were employed to find out release mechanisms.Results:Albendazole loaded microspheres showd high entrapment efficiency(72.8%) and the microcapsules were free flowing,non aggregated and spherical,between 600 and 1 000μm in diameter.The surface of microcapsules were found to be porous and wavy.The FT-IR spectrum showed that there is no interaction between the polymer and the drug.The in vitro drug release study found to be affected by change in chitosan,sodium alginate and HPMC concentration.The microcapsules with 2.5% sodium alginate and 0.4% chitosan shown minimum release in gastrointestinal simulated condition but shows maximum drug release at the end of 24th hour in presence of cecal content.The rate of drug release follows Korsmeyer-peppas model that was the drug release is by diffusion and erosion.Conclusions:The study reveals that Albendazole loaded chitosanalginate based microsphere can be used effectively for the colon targeting.

关键词： Colon drug delivery Albendazole Chitosan Sodium alginate Microcapsule

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