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Using a Game to Engage Stakeholders in Extreme Event Attribution Science

International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第4期7卷 353-365页

作者： Hannah R.Parker rosalind j.cornforth Pablo Suarez Myles R.Allen Emily Boyd Rachel james Richard G.jones Friederike E.L.Otto Peter Walton Department of Meteorology University of Reading Walker Institute University of Reading Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer-Range Future Boston University Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary PhysicsUniversity of Oxford Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of Reading Present Address:Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies Met Office Hadley Centre School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford

The impacts of weather and climate-related disasters are increasing,and climate change can exacerbate many *** communicating climate risk and integrating science into policy requires scientists and stakeholders to work *** dialogue between scientists and policymakers can be challenging given the inherently multidimensional nature of the issues at stake when managing climate *** on the growing use of serious games to create dialogue between stakeholders,we present a new game for policymakers called Climate Attribution Under Loss and Damage:Risking,Observing,Negotiating(CAULDRON).CAULDRON aims to communicate understanding of the science attributing extreme events to climate change in a memorable and compelling way,and create space for dialogue around policy decisions addressing changing risks and loss and damage from climate *** describe the process of developing CAULDRON,and draw on observations of players and their feedback to demonstrate its potential to facilitate the interpretation of probabilistic climate information and the understanding of its relevance to informing *** looking to engage with stakeholders can learn valuable lessons in adopting similar innovative *** suitability of games depends on the policy context but,if used appropriately,experiential learning can drive coproduced understanding and meaningful dialogue.

关键词： Climate change Extreme event attribution Loss and damage policy Participatory games Probabilistic event attribution(PEA) Risk management

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BRCA1和BRCA2在前列腺癌中的作用

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Asian journal of Andrology 2012年第3期14卷 409-414,I0006页

作者： Elena Castro rosalind Eeles Oncogenetics Team The Institute of Cancer Research Sutton SM2 5NG UK Academic Urology Unit The Royal Marsden NH Foundation Trust London SW3 6J J UK

前列腺癌中最大的风险因素之一就是家族遗传史。BRCA2生殖细胞系突变是迄今为止已知的导致前列腺癌的最大遗传性风险因子（65岁以上男性的风险比其他高8．6倍）。尽管BRCA2和BRCA1在前列腺癌形成中的作用还不太清楚，但这两个基因的破... 详细信息

前列腺癌中最大的风险因素之一就是家族遗传史。BRCA2生殖细胞系突变是迄今为止已知的导致前列腺癌的最大遗传性风险因子（65岁以上男性的风险比其他高8．6倍）。尽管BRCA2和BRCA1在前列腺癌形成中的作用还不太清楚，但这两个基因的破坏性突变往往会产生严重癌症表现以及不理想的临床结果。随着全世界前列腺癌发生率的上升，我们需要新的预测前列腺癌以及筛查具有潜在致死性前列腺癌病人的方法。我们这里所探讨的BRCA生殖细胞系突变（主要指BRCA2生殖细胞系突变），就是这样的一种预测方法。我们还将探讨这些突变在前列腺癌治疗方面的作用，并且针对具有相似特征的零散病例的治疗方案提出假设。

关键词： BRCA1 BRCA2 前列腺癌

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The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 155-187页

作者： Michael Yu Kevin Qin jiaming Fan Guozhi Zhao Piao Zhao Wei Zeng Connie Chen Annie Wang Yonghui Wang jiamin Zhong Yi Zhu William Wagstaff Rex C.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin Ho Michael j.Lee jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-Chuan He School of Medicine Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China

The evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a central role in develop-ment and adult tissue homeostasis across *** proteins are secreted,lipid-modified signaling molecules that activate the canonical(β-catenin dependent)and non-canonical(β-catenin independent)Wnt signaling *** behaviors such as proliferation,differ-entiation,maturation,and proper body-axis specification are carried out by the canonical pathway,which is the best characterized of the known Wnt signaling *** signaling has emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is known to affect the self-renewal of stem cells in various *** includes but is not limited to embryonic,hematopoietic,mesenchymal,gut,neural,and epidermal stem *** signaling has also been implicated in tumor cells that exhibit stem cell-like *** signaling is crucial for bone formation and presents a potential target for the development of therapeutics for bone *** surprisingly,aberrant Wnt signaling is also associated with a wide variety of diseases,including *** of Wnt pathway members in cancer can lead to unchecked cell proliferation,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and ***,advances in the understand-ing of dysregulated Wnt signaling in disease have paved the way for the development of novel therapeutics that target components of the Wnt *** with a brief overview of the mechanisms of canonical and non-canonical Wnt,this review aims to summarize the cur-rent knowledge of Wnt signaling in stem cells,aberrations to the Wnt pathway associated with diseases,and novel therapeutics targeting the Wnt pathway in preclinical and clinical studies.

关键词： β-Catenin Cancer Canonical Wnt Disease Non-canonical Wnt Stem cells Targeted therapy Wnt signaling

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营养发展的生物标志物(BOND)——锌的综述

营养发展的生物标志物(BOND)——锌的综述

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作者： janet C King Kenneth H Brown rosalind S Gibson Nancy F Krebs Nicola M Lowe jonathan H Siekmann Daniel j Raiten Childrens Hospital Oakland Research Institute University of California University of Otago University of Colorado School of Medicine University of Central Lancashire

锌可以作为结构,调控,催化离子参与人体内的多种代谢。为了维持代谢功能,需要一个较宽范围的锌摄入来控制细胞,组织,和全身的锌稳态,因而使得评价锌缺乏和过剩变得困难。BOND(营养发展生物标志物)工程的锌专家小组推荐了3种指标评价锌... 详细信息

锌可以作为结构,调控,催化离子参与人体内的多种代谢。为了维持代谢功能,需要一个较宽范围的锌摄入来控制细胞,组织,和全身的锌稳态,因而使得评价锌缺乏和过剩变得困难。BOND(营养发展生物标志物)工程的锌专家小组推荐了3种指标评价锌的状态:膳食锌摄入,血浆锌浓度(PZC),以及和儿童的年龄别身高。用膳食锌和植酸估计的潜在可吸收的膳食锌总量可以用来识别个体个群体锌缺乏的风险。血浆锌浓度在膳食锌摄入不足和补锌时会有相应的变化,同时它也会在全身锌稳态和临床性缺锌之间进行调节。血浆锌浓度可以用来识别个体和人群的锌缺乏风险,然而在评估锌的状态时仍有局限。食品中的添加锌对血浆锌浓度的影响比餐外补充影响要小。血浆锌由于受到膳食锌的影响,个体差异很大,并且受到近期饮食、时间、炎症、一些药物和激素的影响。没有足够的数据支持与膳食摄入锌变化水平相一致的发锌、尿锌、指甲锌和血锌可以作为评价锌状态的生物标志物。生长情况是唯一推荐的锌的潜在功能指标。因为药物摄入的锌的剂量不足以促进生长,如果补锌能促进生长则表示这是锌缺乏的前兆。由于锌依赖性酶和蛋白质的活性或量,以及氧化应激、炎症或DNA损伤的生物标志物的信息不足,这些功能性指标也不推荐在临床或者其他领域来评价锌的营养状况。

关键词：锌锌状况膳食锌血浆锌锌功能

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现代雕塑的变迁

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2017年

作者： (美)罗莎琳·克劳斯(rosalind E. Krauss)

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前卫的原创性及其他现代主义神话

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作者： (美)罗莎琳·克劳斯(rosalind E. Krauss)

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前瞻性城市儿童出生队列研究--交通源黑碳暴露与注意力之间的相关性

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环境与职业医学 2014年第3期31卷 234-238页

作者： Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu David C.Bellinger Brent A.Coull Shawn Anderson Rachel Barber Robert O.Wright rosalind j.Wright 王晓宇张伊人汪源金泰廙 Department of Pediatrics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Children’s Hospital Boston Department of Environmental Health Harvard School of Public Health Department of Biostatistics Harvard School of Public Health Channing Laboratory Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School Department of Preventive Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Mindich Child Health and Development Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

[背景]环境空气污染可能对儿童具有神经毒性作用。但目前尚缺乏交通源空气污染与注意力之间相关性的研究数据。[目的]在一项位于马萨诸塞州波士顿地区的出生队列研究中，研究黑碳（BC，一种交通颗粒标志物）与174名7-14岁儿童注意力测... 详细信息

[背景]环境空气污染可能对儿童具有神经毒性作用。但目前尚缺乏交通源空气污染与注意力之间相关性的研究数据。[目的]在一项位于马萨诸塞州波士顿地区的出生队列研究中，研究黑碳（BC，一种交通颗粒标志物）与174名7-14岁儿童注意力测量结果之间的相关性。[方法]根据儿童生活的住所，采用经验证的空间时间土地利用回归模型估计BC水平。采用Conners连续作业测试（CPT）测量儿童的遗漏错误、执行错误和命中反应时间（HRT），分数越高表示错误越多或反应时间越长。使用多变量调整线性回归分析检测BC与各注意力结果之间相关性。[结果]队列中的儿童主要为西班牙裔（56％）和高加索裔（41％），53％为男童。以儿童的智商（IQ）、年龄、性别、血铅水平、母亲的教育程度、产前和产后烟草烟雾暴露以及社区水平的社会压力进行调整后发现，较高水平BC与执行错误增加及HRT较长之间存在正相关。值得注意的是，相对于中间的两个四分位数范围，在最高BC四分位数范围中这一相关性较弱，尽管仍是正性的。性别分层分析显示，在男童中BC-9执行错误和HRT两者均呈统计学显著相关，但在女童中BC与任何CPT结果均无显著相关性。[结论]在这一城市儿童人群中，BC暴露与更多的过失错误和较长的反应时间之间存在相关性。总体而言，这些相关性在男童中比女童中更为显著。

关键词：注意力儿童 Conners连续作业测试命中反应时间交通源空气污染城市

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产前应激及炎症相关基因的甲基化水平对儿童早期肥胖指标影响的队...

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2017环境与公共健康学术会议暨中国环境科学学会环境医...

作者： Shaowei Wu Chris Gennings rosalind j.Wright ander Wilson Heather H.Burris Allan C.just joseph M.Braun Katherine Svensson jia Zhong Kasey j.M.Brennan Alexandra Dereix Alejandra Cantoral Lourdes Schnaas Martha Maria Tellez-Rojo Robert O.Wright andrea A.Baccarelli Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking University Population Health and Science Policy Mount Sinai Hospital The Mindich Child Health & Development Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Statistics Colorado State University Department of Neonatology and Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive BiologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical School Department of Preventive Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthBrown University Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia University

＜正＞Background:Maternal stress during pregnancy may influence childhood growth and adiposity,possibly through immune/inflammatory *** investigated whether exposure to prenatal stress and methylation in inflammation-related genes were associated with childhood adiposity in424 mother-child pairs in Mexico City,***:A stress index was created based on four

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nNPipe: a neural network pipeline for automated analysis of morphologically diverse catalyst systems

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2176-2187页

作者： Kevin P.Treder Chen Huang Cameron G.Bell Thomas j.A.Slater Manfred E.Schuster DoğanÖzkaya judy S.Kim Angus I.Kirkland Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOX13PH OxfordOxfordshireUnited Kingdom rosalind Franklin Institute Harwell Research CampusOX110FA DidcotOxfordshireUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry The University of EdinburghEH93FJ EdinburghUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry Cardiff UniversityPark PlaceCF103AT CardiffUnited Kingdom Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre Diamond Light SourceOxfordshire OX110DEUnited Kingdom johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom

We describe nNPipe for the automated analysis of morphologically diverse catalyst materials. Automated imaging routines anddirect-electron detectors have enabled the collection of large data stacks over a wide range of sample positions at high temporalresolution. Simultaneously, traditional image analysis approaches are slow and hence unsuitable for large data stacks andconsequently, researchers have progressively turned towards machine learning and deep learning approaches. Previous studiesoften detail work on morphologically uniform material systems with clearly discernible features, limited workable image sizes andtraining data that may be biased due to manual labelling. The nNPipe data-processing method consists of two standaloneconvolutional neural networks that were exclusively trained on multislice image simulations and enables fast analysis of2048 × 2048 pixel images. Inference performance compared between idealised and real industrial catalytic samples and insightsderived from subsequent data analysis are placed into the context of an automated imaging scenario.

关键词： catalyst hence subsequent

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Identification of new genetic risk factors for prostate cancer

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Asian journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 49-55页

作者： Michelle Guy Zsofia Kote-jarai Graham G. Giles Ali Amin Al Olama Sarah K. jugurnauth Shani Mulholland Daniel A. Leongamomlert Stephen M. Edwards jonathan Morrison Helen I. Field Melissa C. Southey Gianluca Severi jenny L. Donovan Freddie C. Hamdy David R Dearnaley Kenneth R. Muir Charmaine Smith Melisa Bagnato Audrey T. Ardern-jones Amanda L. Hall Lynne T. O＇Brien Beatrice N. Gehr-Swain Rosemary A. Wilkinson Angela Cox Sarah Lewis Paul M. Brown Sameer G. jhavar Malgorzata Tymrakiewicz Artitaya Lophatananon Sarah L. Bryant The UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators British Association of Urological Surgeons＇ Section of Oncology and The UK ProtecT Study Collaborators Alan Horwich Robert A. Huddart Vincent S. Khoo Christopher C. Parker Christopher j. Woodhouse Alan Thompson Tim Christmas Chris Ogden Cyril Fisher Charles jameson Colin S. Cooper Dallas R. English john L. Hopper David E. Neal Douglas E Easton rosalind A. Eeles Section of Cancer Genetics The Institute of Cancer Research Sutton Surrey SM2 5NG UK Cancer Epidemiology Centre The Cancer Council Victoria Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Centre for Molecular Environmental Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology The University of Melbourne Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Unit University of Cambridge Strangeways Laboratory Worts Causeway Cambridge CB1 8RN UK Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Strangeways Laboratory Worts Causeway Cambridge CB1 8RN UK Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory Department of Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3052 Australia Department of Social Medicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 2PR UK Academic Urology Unit University of Sheffield Sheffield SIO 2JF UK The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Sutton Surrey SM2 5PT and London SW3 6JJ UK University of Nottingham Medical School Queens Medical Centre Nottingham NG7 2UH UK Institute for Cancer Studies University of Sheffield Sheffield SIO 2RX UK Surgical Oncology （Uro-Oncology S4） Departments of Oncology and Surgery University of Cambridge Addenbrooke＇s Hospital Cambridge CB2 2QQ UK A full list of authors is provided in the Supplementary Note online Ka Shing Centre Cambridge CB2 ORE UK Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute Li Ka Shing Centre Cambridge CB2 ORE UK.

There is evidence that a substantial part of genetic predisposition to prostate cancer （PCa） may be due to lower penetrance genes which are found by genome-wide association studies. We have recently conducted such a study and seven new regions of the genome linked to PCa risk have been identified. Three of these loci contain candidate susceptibility genes： MSMB, LMTK2 and KLK2/3. The MSMB and KLK2/3 genes may be useful for PCa screening, and the LMTK2 gene might provide a potential therapeutic target. Together with results from other groups, there are now 23 germline genetic variants which have been reported. These results have the potential to be developed into a genetic test. However, we consider that marketing of tests to the public is premature, as PCa risk can not be evaluated fully at this stage and the appropriate screening protocols need to be developed. Follow-up validation studies, as well as studies to explore the psychological implications of genetic profile testing, will be vital prior to roll out into healthcare.

关键词： prostate cancer genetics susceptibility loci SNPs relative risks

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