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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第2期7卷 50-59页

作者： Johannes Degenhardt Mohammed Wassim Bounaim Nan Deng rainer Tutsch Gaoliang Dai Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 10038116 BrunswickGermany Institut Für Prozessmess-und Sensortechnik Technische Universität Ilmenau EhrenbergstraBe 2998693 IlmenauGermany Institute of Production Metrology TU Braunschweig SchleinitzstraBe 2038106 BrunswickGermany

This paper introduces a paradigm shift in atomic force microscope(AFM)scan control,leveraging an artificial intelligence(AI)-based *** contrast to conventional control methods,which either show a limited performance,such as proportional integral differential(PID)control,or which purely focus on mathematical optimality as classical optimal control approaches,our proposed AI approach redefines the objective of control for achieving practical *** presented AI controller minimizes the root-mean-square control deviations in routine scans by a factor of about 4 compared to PID control in the presented setup and also showcases a distinctive asymmetric response in complex situations,prioritizing the safety of the AFM tip and sample instead of the lowest possible control *** development and testing of the AI control concept are performed on simulated AFM scans,demonstrating its huge potential.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Artificial intelligence Deep reinforcement learning Optimal control

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Toward optical coherence tomography on a chip: in vivo three-dimensional human retinal imaging using photonic integrated circuit-based arrayed waveguide gratings

作者：张彤，rainer Pirker，张慧

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第1期10卷 71-85页

作者： Elisabet A.Rank Ryan Sentosa Danielle J.Harper Matthias Salas Anna Gaugutz Dana Seyringer Stefan Nevlacsil Alejandro Maese-Novo Moritz Eggeling Paul Muellner rainer Hainberger Martin Sagmeister Jochen Kraft rainer ALeitgeb Wolfgang Drexler Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of ViennaWaehringer Guertel 18-20/4 L1090 ViennaAustria Research Centre for Microtechnology Vorarlberg University of Applied SciencesHochschulstrasse 16850 DornbirnAustria AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Gieffinggasse 41210 ViennaAustria ams AG Tobelbader Strasse 308141 PremstaettenAustria

In this work,we present a significant step toward in vivo ophthalmic optical coherence tomography and angiography on a photonic integrated *** diffraction gratings used in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography can be replaced by photonic integrated circuits comprising an arrayed waveguide *** arrayed waveguide grating designs with 256 channels were tested,which enabled the first chip-based optical coherence tomography and angiography in vivo three-dimensional human retinal *** 1 supports a bandwidth of 22nm,with which a sensitivity of up to 91 dB(830μW) and an axial resolution of 10.7 pm was *** 2 supports a bandwidth of 48 nm,with which a sensitivity of 90 dB(480μW) and an axial resolution of 6.5μm was *** silicon nitride-based integrated optical waveguides were fabricated with a fully CMOS-compatible process,which allows their monolithic co-integration on top of an optoelectronic silicon *** a benchmark for chip-based optical coherence tomography,tomograms generated by a commercially available clinical spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system were compared to those acquired with on-chip *** similarities in the tomograms demonstrate the significant clinical potential for further integration of optical coherence tomography on a chip system.

关键词： waveguide arrayed optical

玻璃和熔体包裹体中水含量的拉曼光谱定量测定方面的进展评述

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岩石学报 2007年第1期23卷 15-20页

作者： rainer THOMAS Paul DAVIDSON GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam Telegrafenberg B120D-14473 PotsdamGermany ARC Centre of ExceUence in Ore Deposits University of TasmaniaHobart 7001Australia

This paper is focused on the progress in the determination of water in glasses and melt inclusions with Raman *** the presented'Comparator Technique'the water content of a sample is determined by simple comparison with a known standard.A calibration curve is not ***,with this technique the water concentration in silicate melt inclusions can be determined without exposing the inclusions for *** is very important for extremely water-rich melt inclusions,which would loose H_2O on exposure.

关键词：玻璃熔体包裹体水含量拉曼光谱定量测定研究进展

Graptolite, Chitinozoan and Scolecodont Reflectances and Their Use as Indicators of Thermal Maturity

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1993年第1期67卷 93-105,125-126页

作者： Andreas Hoffknecht rainer Bainer Brocke Bernd-D. Erdtmann Institute of Geology and Paleontology Technical University of Berlin Berlin Germany

Based on studies of the reflectance of Ordovician and Silurian zooclasts from 11 sections around the Huangling Anticline, Hubei, China, combined with determination of the conodont colour alteration indices (CAI) and of infrared spectroscopy of dispersed organic matter from the same or adjacent horizons, it is further proved that reflectances of graptolites, chitinozoans and scolecldonts, like vitrinite and natural bitumen, increase with increasing maturation, but follow different reflectance paths. They may be used, therefore, as thermal maturation indicators. Graptolites display optically strong anisotropy. The maximum reflectance measured from graptolite on polished section cut parallel to the bedding plane is the most suitable for determination of maturation of their host rocks. In polished section chitinozoan and scolecodont show reflectance, but no bireflectance owing to their isotropy. The random reflectance of chitinozoans is higher than that of scolecodonts in the case of the same maturity. By analysing the distribution trends of graptolite, chitionzoan and scolecodont reflectances, the Ordovician and Silurian strata can be subdivided into three areas of maturation in the present region. The potential of oil or gas generation is discussed for each area. The result is basically coincident with the distribution pattern of regional organic maturation presented by CAI and infrared spectroscopic determination of organic matter.

关键词： graptolite chitinozoan scolecodont reflectance

New models to study vulvodynia: hyperinnervation and nociceptor sensitization in the female genital tract

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2096-2097页

作者： Christine M.Barry Kalyani K.Huilgol rainer V.Haberberger Anatomy and Histology College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University Centre for Neuroscience Flinders University

Vulvodynia is a prevalent form of chronic pain, most com- monly affecting the vaginal vestibule （vestibulodynia）（Pukall et al., 2016）. Women with vulvodynia describe intense pain in response to light touch of the affected region, such that sexual function and other activities can be severely limited. Medical costs associated with vulvodynia are high, exceeding $21 billion annually in the United States （Xie et al., 2012）. The high level of direct medical costs has been linked to high treatment failure rates. Many women with the disorder consult multiple practitioners and undergo multiple courses of treatment with limited benefit.

关键词： New models to study vulvodynia hyperinnervation and nociceptor sensitization in the female genital tract CFA

Fractions of Compact Object Binaries in Star Clusters:Theoretical Predictions

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第2期23卷 241-248页

作者： Zhong-Mu Li Bhusan Kayastha Albrecht Kamlah Peter Berczik Yang-Yang Deng rainer Spurzem Institute for Astronomy Dali UniversityDali 671003China National Astronomical Observatories&Key Laboratory of Computational Astrophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences NAOC/CASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Zentrum für Astronomie-Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Monchofstr.12-14Heidelberg D-69120Germany Max-Planck-Institut fr Astronomie Konigstuhl 17D-69117 HeidelbergGermany Main Astronomical Observatory National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine27 Akademika Zabolotnoho St03143KyivUkraine Konkoly Observatory Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth SciencesEotvos Loránd Research Network(ELKH)MTA Centre of ExcellenceKonkoly Thege Miklos ut 15-171121 BudapestHungary Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650216China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The binary population in field stars and star clusters contributes to the formation of gravitational wave(GW)***,the fraction of compact-object binaries(CBs),which is an important feature parameter of binary populations,is still difficult to measure and very *** paper predicts the fractions of important CBs and semi-compact object binaries(SCBs) making use of an advanced stellar population synthesis technique.A comparison with the result of N-body simulation is also *** is found that most CBs are formed within about 500 Myr after the *** fractions of CBs and SCBs are demonstrated to correlate with stellar *** higher the metallicity becomes,the smaller the fraction of black hole binaries(BHBs),neutron star binaries(NSBs) and *** suggests that the GW sources of BHBs and NSBs are more likely to form in metal-poor ***,the fraction of black hole-neutron star binaries is shown to be larger for metalrich populations on average.

关键词： (stars:)binaries visual-gravitational waves-(Galaxy:)globular clusters general-methods numerical

Effect of land-use management systems on coupled physical and mechanical,chemical and biological soil processes:how can we maintain and predict soil properties and functions?

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第3期7卷 243-245页

作者： rainer HORN Winfried E.H.BLUM Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 24118 KielGermany Institute of Soil Research University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences(BOKU)1190 ViennaAustria

Soil is one of the most critical life-supporting components of the biosphere. Soil provides many ecosystem services,such as a habitat for biodiversity, water and nutrients, food, feed, fiber and energy, but also serves as archaeologicalrepositories. In addition to natural changes in pedological properties and functions over the course of time (soilgenesis), their properties also undergo intense and irreversible changes due to a non-site adjusted landmanagement and improper application of machinery, sealing and techniques as well as chemical impacts includingacidity from acid rain, heavy metals pollution and salinity.

关键词： soil maintain sealing

Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for modelling fuel sprays

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Energy and AI 2023年第2期12卷 62-75页

作者： Cihan Ates Farhad Karwan Max Okraschevski rainer Koch Hans-Jörg Bauer Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Thermal TurbomachineryGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Machine Intelligence in Energy SystemsGermany

In this study, the probabilistic, data driven nature of the generative adversarial neural networks (GANs)was utilized to conduct virtual spray simulations for conditions relevant to aero engine combustors. Themodel consists of two sub-modules: (i) an autoencoder converting the variable length droplet trajectories intofixed length, lower dimensional representations and (ii) a Wasserstein GAN that learns to mimic the latentrepresentations of the evaporating droplets along their lifetime. The GAN module was also conditioned withthe injection location and the diameters of the droplets to increase the generalizability of the whole *** training data was provided from highly resolved 3D, transient Eulerian–Lagrangian, large eddy simulationsconducted with OpenFOAM. Neural network models were created and trained within the open source machinelearning framework of PyTorch. Predictive capabilities of the proposed method was discussed with respect tospray statistics and evaporation dynamics. Results show that conditioned GAN models offer a great potentialas low order model approximations with high computational efficiency. Nonetheless, the capabilities of theautoencoder module to preserve local dependencies should be improved to realize this potential. For the currentcase study, the custom model architecture was capable of conducting the simulation in the order of secondsafter a day of training, which had taken one week on HPC with the conventional CFD approach for the samenumber of droplets (200,000 trajectories).

关键词： Generative Adversarial Networks Generative learning Fuel injection Aero engines Multivariate time series

Cellular heterogeneity in pancreatic cancer: the different faces of gremlin action

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第11期7卷 3992-3994页

作者： Aristidis Moustakas J.Matthias Löhr rainer L.Heuchel Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Clinical Intervention and Technology(CLINTEC) Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

A recent publication in Nature by Lan et al.,presented GREM1(gremlin 1)as an important regulatory node of cellular plasticity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).1 Knockout experiments in mice point to an important role of Grem1 in retaining an epithelial,differentiated phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells presumably by inhibiting BMP signalling.

关键词： al. cancer inhibiting