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Associations of blood biomarkers with glomerular filtration rate in patients with TiA and stroke: population-based study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第1期6卷 48-56页

作者： Dearbhla m.Kelly Linxin Li Annette i Burgess Deborah L Poole Julia m Duerden peter m.Rothwell Wolfson Centre for the Prevention of Stroke and Dementia Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesOxford UniversityOxfordUK

Background and purpose Non-traditional risk factors such as chronic inflammation,oxidative stress and thrombogenic factors are believed to contribute to the excess stroke risk in chronic kidney disease(CKD)by triggering vascular injury and endothelial *** aimed to determine how well a panel of biomarkers representative of these factors would correlate with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in patients with recent transient ischaemic attack(TiA)or *** also investigated whether eGFR would confound previously reported associations between biomarkers and *** We studied a panel of 16 blood biomarkers related to inflammation,thrombosis,atherogenesis and cardiac or neuronal cell damage in TiA or ischaemic stroke in a population-based study(Oxford Vascular Study).Biomarker levels were log-transformed and correlated with eGFR,adjusted for *** proportional hazard models were used for survival *** Among 1297 patients with TiA or stroke,52.7%(n=684)of patients had CKD(eGFRmL/min/1.73 m^(2)).There was a moderate correlation between log-eGFR and the log-transformed soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-1(R^(2)=0.21),attenuating with adjustment for age(R^(2)=0.12).There were moderate-to strong correlations with markers of cardiac injury,N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and heart-type fatty acid binding protein(hFABP,R2=0.14 and 0.34,respectively).The strongest correlation after adjustment for age was between hFABP and eGFR(R^(2)=0.20).Adjusting for eGFR did not impact any biomarker associations with *** Correlations between biomarkers related to inflammation and thrombosis with renal dysfunction in the setting of cerebrovascular events were generally modest after adjustment for age,suggesting that putative risk factors such as chronic inflammation or coagulopathy are unlikely to be important stroke mechanisms in patients with CKD.

关键词： inflammation patients mortality

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Sand wave migration near the southeastern corner of martha's Vineyard, massachusetts, USA

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international Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第5期38卷 629-642页

作者： Vinícius Santos Pessanha peter Cheng Chu matthew Kenneth Gough peter Traykovski mara morgenstern Orescanin Department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Sand waves of approximately 2 m in height were observed to migrate nearly 40 m with counterclockwise rotation between two bathymetric surveys performed three months apart near the southeastern corner of martha’s Vineyard, massachusetts. The region is characterized by strong tidal currents, intermittent energetic surface wave events, and shallow water with local depth ranging from 2 to 7 m. This study uses the process-based model, Delft3D, with a three-dimensional approach to examine the sand wave dynamics by incorporating surface waves, winds, currents, and bathymetric observations. The model successfully simulates sand wave migration in comparisons to observations. model sensitivity analyses show that the sand wave migration reduces by 65% with the absence of the surface waves. The modeled sand wave migration speed is correlated with the tidal current Shields parameter, and sharp increases in migration speed occur when the wave-driven Shields parameter increases in response to energetic surface wave events. The combined effect of tides, surface waves, and bathymetry is the origin of the rotational aspect of the sand wave, using the Shields parameter as an indicator of tidal currents and surface wave influence on sand wave dynamics.

关键词： Sand wave migration Numerical morphological modeling Delft3D Sandy seafloor martha's Vineyard

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How internal limiting membrane peeling revolutionized macular surgery in the last three decades

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international Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第6期16卷 837-840页

作者： peter Wiedemann medical Faculty Leipzig UniversityLeipzig 04103Germany

iNTRODUCTiON The italian anatomist Filippo Pacini discovered the internal limiting membrane(iLm) in 1844[1]. The iLm is the basement membrane of the retinal müller cells representing the structural interface between the retina and the vitreous. The macular iLm is thickest, measuring 2.5 μm and progressively thins to 0.5 μm at the vitreous base[2].

关键词： macular limiting surgery

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miNerosion 4:Using measurements from a tilting flume-rainfall simulator facility to predict erosion rates from post-mining catchments/landscapes in Central Queensland,Australia

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international Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 415-428页

作者： Ashraf mKhalifa Hwat Bing So Hossein Ghadiri Chris Carroll peter Burger Bofu Yu School of Engineering and Built Environment Australian Rivers InstituteGrifith UniversityNathan4111QueenslandAustralia School of Environment and Science Australian Rivers InstituteGrifith UniversityNathan411QueenslandAustralia Department of Natural Resources Mines and EnergyRockhamptonQueenslandAustralia

The use of draglines to remove overburden in Queensland opencut mines,results in landscapes that consist of long parallel tertiary overburden spoil-piles that are generally highly saline,dispersive,and highly *** height of these spoil-piles may exceed 50-60 m above the original landscapes and the slopes are at the angle of repose of around 75%or 37°.Legislation and public opinion require that these highly disturbed open-cut post-mining landscapes should be satisfactorily rehabilitated into an approved post-mining land use with acceptable erosion ***,these slopes must be reduced before the landscape can be *** most expensive component of the rehabilitation process is the re-shaping and preparation of the overburden to create a suitable landscape for vegetation *** soils and overburden varies greatly in their erodibilities,the extent and cost of earthworks can be minimized,and rehabilitation failures avoided,if soil erosion from designed landscapes can be predicted using laboratory-based parameters prior to construction of these *** paper describes the development of a model for that purpose.A catchment or landscape erosion model miNerosion 4 was developed by upscaling the existing hillslope model miNerosion 3(So,et al.,2018)and integrate it with both ESRi ArcGiS 10.3 or QGiS 3.16(freeware),to predict event based and mean annual erosion rate from a postmining catchment or *** 3 is a model that can be used to predict event and annual erosion rates from field scale hillslopes using laboratory measured erodibility parameters or routinely measured soil physical and chemical properties,and to derive suitable landscape design parameters(slope gradient,slope length and vegetation cover)that will result in acceptable erosion *** it cannot be used to predict the sediment delivery from catchments or *** 4 was validated against data collected on three instrumented catchments(up to 0.91

关键词： Soil erosion miNerosion 4 model erosion from catchments Post-mining rehabilitation Queensland

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Electrical Tracking,erosion and Fire Retardancy Performance of Silicone Rubber insulation Containing Aluminum Trihydrate,Graphene and Glass Fiber Additives

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第5期9卷 1918-1925页

作者： m.Tariq Nazir Arslan Khalid B.Toan Phung Arup K.Das peter Cheetham Ashish Paramane Shakeel Akram Khoi Loon Wong School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia. the Center for Advanced Power Systems(CAPS) Florida State UniversityFL 32310USA the Flame Security international Pty Limited Australia the School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales SydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologySilcharAssam 788010India the College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211816China

Silicone rubber composite is a priority electrical insulating material used in high-voltage outdoor insulation *** electrical tracking/erosion and poor flame resistance performance of silicone rubber once ignited,substantially reduce its working *** paper attempts to investigate tracking/erosion performance of room temperature vulcanized(RTV)silicone rubber along with flame retardant parameters using aluminum trihydrate(ATH),graphene nanosheets(GN)and milled glass fiber(GF)*** inclined plane test(iPT)was performed in line with criteria defined in iEC 60587 using step-up tracking voltage method while flame retardancy is evaluated according to ASTm E 1354.0 using a cone *** suggest 30% of ATH assists in improving physical tracking/erosion resistance of pristine silicone elastomer rubber by impeding development of leakage current and a great reduction in maximum average temperatures on the surface of *** improvement in performance of RTV2 is achieved through introduction of 1%of GN and 5% of GF as seen in ***,30% of ATH reduces heat release rate and smoke production rate,and this trend is improved with the introduction of GN/***4 has pop up as the most promising silicone rubber composite with excellent electrical tracking,erosion,and flame resistance performance relative to its counterparts in this study.

关键词： Dry band arcing electrical tracking heat release rate leakage current silicone rubber smoke production rate

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Quantum corrections for Boltzmann equation

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第9期51卷 1229-1239页

作者： m. Levy peter Department of Physics New York University

We present the lowest order quantum correction to the semiclassical Boltzmann distribution function,and the equation satisfied by this correction is given. Our equation for the quantum correction is obtained from the conventional quantum Boltzmann equation by explicitly expressing the Planck constant in the gradient approximation,and the quantum Wigner distribution function is expanded in pow-ers of Planck constant,too. The negative quantum correlation in the Wigner dis-tribution function which is just the quantum correction terms is naturally singled out,thus obviating the need for the Husimi’s coarse grain averaging that is usually done to remove the negative quantum part of the Wigner distribution function. We also discuss the classical limit of quantum thermodynamic entropy in the above framework.

关键词： quantum Boltzmann equation Wigner distribution function quantum correction

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Target blood pressure in diabetes patients with hypertension——What is the accumulated evidence in 2011?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第8期12卷 611-623页

作者： peter m.NiLSSON Department of Clinical Sciences Lund UniversityUniversity Hospital

There is overwhelming evidence that hypertension is an important risk factor for both macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with diabetes,but the problem remains to identify appropriate goals for preventive therapies.A number of guidelines (the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2007,the Joint National Committee (JNC)-Ⅶ 2003,the American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2011) have for example advocated a blood pressure goal of less than 130/80 mmHg,but this suggestion has been challenged by findings in recent trials and meta-analyses (2011).The European Society of Hypertension (ESH) therefore recommends a systolic blood pressure goal of "well below" 140 *** on evidence from both randomized controlled trials (hypertension optimal treatment (HOT),action in diabetes and vascular disease:preterax and diamicron mR controlled evaluation (ADVANCE),action to control cardiovascular risk in diabetes (ACCORD)) and observational studies (ongoing telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril global endpoint trial (ONTARGET),international verapamil-trandolapril study (iNVEST),treat to new targets (TNT),and the National Diabetes Register (NDR)),it has been shown that the benefit for stroke reduction remains even at lower achieved blood pressure levels,but the risk of coronary events may be uninfluenced or even increased at lower systolic blood pressure *** a recent meta-analysis,it was therefore concluded that the new recommended goal should be 130-135 mmHg systolic blood pressure for most patients with type 2 *** risk factors should also be controlled with a more ambitious strategy applied in the younger patients with shorter diabetes duration,but a more cautious approach in the elderly and frail patients with a number of vascular or non-vascular *** patients from East Asia,such as China,the stroke risk is relatively higher than the risk of coronary *** must al

关键词： Blood pressure Cardiovascular Diabetes Goal Hypertension Treatment

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Fluid and Osmotic Pressure Balance and Volume Stabilization in Cells Dedicated to Professor Karl Stark Pister for his 95th birthday

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第12期129卷 1329-1350页

作者： peter m.Pinsky Department of mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanford94305CAUSA

A fundamental problem for cells with their fragile membranes is the control of their *** primordial solution to this problem is the active transport of ions across the cell membrane to modulate the intracellular osmotic *** this work,a theoretical model of the cellular pump-leak mechanism is proposed within the general framework of linear nonequilibrium *** model is expressed with phenomenological equations that describe passive and active ionic transport across cell membranes,supplemented by an equation for the membrane potential that accounts for the electrogenicity of the ionic *** active ionic transport,the model predicts that the intracellular fluid pressure will be balanced by the osmotic pressure and a new pressure component that arises from the active ionic fluxes.A model for the pump-leak mechanism in an idealized human cell is introduced to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed theory.

关键词： Pump-leak mechanism cell volume regulation active ion transport ion pump membrane transport cell mechanics modified Kedem-Katchalsky equations nonequilibrium thermodynamics phenomenological equations

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Terrestrial denitrification:challenges and opportunities

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Ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 1-11页

作者： peter m Groffman Cary institute of Ecosystem Studies 2801 Sharon TurnpikeMillbrookNY 12545USA

Denitrification is a process of great environmental importance but is difficult to study in terrestrial *** for quantifying the process are problematic,variability in activity is high,and temporal and spatial scaling challenges are *** methods are problematic for a variety of reasons;they change substrate concentrations,disturb the physical setting of the process,lack sensitivity or are prohibitively costly in time and *** fundamentally,it is very difficult to quantify the dominant end-product(N_(2))of denitrification given its high background concentration in the *** and temporal variation in denitrification is high due to control of the process by multiple factors(oxygen,nitrate,carbon,pH,salinity,temperature etc.)that each vary in time and space.A particular challenge is that small areas(hotspots)and brief periods(hot moments)frequently account for a high percentage of N gas flux *** phenomena are challenging to account for in measurement,modeling and scaling *** need for scaling is driven by the fact that there is a need for information on this microscale process at the ecosystem,landscape and regional scales where there are concerns about nitrogen effects on soil fertility,water quality and air *** this review,i outline the key challenges involved with denitrification and then describe specific opportunities for making progress on these challenges including advances in measurement methods,new conceptual approaches for addressing hotspot and hot moment dynamics,and new remote sensing and geographic information system–based scaling *** of these opportunities suggests that we are poised to make great improvements in our understanding of terrestrial *** improvements will increase our basic science understanding of a complex biogeochemical process and our ability to manage widespread nitrogen pollution problems.

关键词： scaling process landscape

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Nanoscale fluctuation of stacking fault energy strengthens multi-principal element alloys

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2023年第27期158卷 218-225页

作者： Zongrui Pei markus Eisenbach peter K.Liaw mingwei Chen New York University New York 10012USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Department of materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Engineering and Hopkins Extreme materials institute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA

Chemical randomness and the associated energy fluctuation are essential features of multi-principal ele-ment alloys(mPEAs).Due to these features,nanoscale stacking fault energy(SFE)fluctuation is a natural and independent contribution to strengthening ***,existing models for conventional alloys(i.e.,alloys with one principal element)cannot be applied to *** extreme values of SFEs required by such models are unknown for mPEAs,which need to calculate the nanoscale volume relevant to the SFE *** the present work,we developed an analytic model to evaluate the strengthening ef-fect through the SFE fluctuation,profuse in *** model has no adjustable parameters,and all parameters can be determined from experiments and ab initio *** model explains available experimental observations and provides insightful guidance for designing new mPEAs based on the SFE *** generally applies to mPEAs in random states and with chemical short-range order.

关键词： Nanoscale energy fluctuation Staking fault energy Chemical short-range order multi-principal element alloy mechanism

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