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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第8期4卷 641-651页

作者： Norazliza Rosly mohd rasdi zaini Fauziah Ismail Fairuz Khalid Ismail Rakibe Faculty of Plantation & Agrotechnology Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam 45400 Malaysia Faculty of Plantation & Agrotechnology Universiti Teknologi MARA Melaka 77300 Malaysia

The abundance of beneficial insects in the paddy field can be influenced by the abundance of insect pests, water parameters, climatic factors and plant traits. This study was conducted to determine effects of water parameters, climatic factors and plant traits on abundant insects. Findings of the studies showed that there were significant correlations between all beneficial insects in paddy field and water parameters tested, namely, water temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia and total suspended solids. Moreover, the selected water parameters of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand were good predictors for abundant beneficial insects in paddy field at Sungai Burong, specifically for insects of sub-orders Anisoptera and Zygoptera, and insects from families Gerridae and Coccinellidae. The plant height, insect pest, temperature, rainfall and humidity were found to be good predictors on the abundance of beneficial insects; nevertheless, the R2 value of multiple regression models was relatively low due to significant relationship between water parameters and insects. Consideration factors of water parameters, climatic factors and plant traits were strongly correlated with those parameters and abundance of insects in the paddy field at Sungai Burong, Tanjung Karang, Selangor.

关键词： Water quality paddy field abundance plant traits and insects.

Stochastic Computing Convolutional Neural Network Architecture Reinvented for Highly Efficient Artificial Intelligence Workload on Field-Programmable Gate Array

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Research 2024年第2期2024卷 55-79页

作者： Yang Yang Lee zaini Abdul Halim mohd Nadhir Ab Wahab Tarik Adnan Almohamad School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaNibong Tebal 14300 Penang Malaysia School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaGelugor11800 PenangMalaysia Electrical-Electronics Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKarabuk University78050 KarabukTurkiye

Stochastic computing(SC)has a substantial amount of study on application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)design for artificial intelligence(AI)edge computing,especially the convolutional neural network(CNN)***,SC has little to no optimization on field-programmable gate array(FPGA).Scaling up the ASIC logic without FPGA-oriented designs is inefficient,while aggregating thousands of bitstreams is still challenging in the conventional *** research has reinvented several FPGA-efficient 8-bit SC CNN computing architectures,i.e.,SC multiplexer multiply-accumulate,multiply-accumulate function generator,and binary rectified linear unit,and successfully scaled and implemented a fully parallel CNN model on Kintex7 *** proposed SC hardware only compromises 0.14%accuracy compared to binary computing on the handwriting Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology classification task and achieved at least 99.72%energy saving per image feedforward and 31?more data throughput than modern *** to SC,early decision termination pushed the performance baseline exponentially with minimum accuracy loss,making SC CNN extremely lucrative for AI edge computing but limited to classification *** SC's inherent noise heavily penalizes CNN regression performance,rendering SC unsuitable for regression tasks.

关键词： hardware Highly rendering

Toxicity of selected insecticides against nymph of whitefly （Bemisia tabaci Gennadius）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2009年第4期3卷 32-39页

作者： Hazmi Awang Damit Fauziah Ismail Low Seng Mook Siti Noor Hajjar Md Latip mohd rasdi zaini Fairuz Khalid Kamaruzaman Jusoff Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor 40450 Malaysia Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang 40450 Selangor 40450 Malaysia Department of Forest Production Faculty of Forestry Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor 43400 Malaysia

Bemisia tabaci is one of serious insect pests attacking vegetables and has been difficult to control using conventional insecticides. In the past 10 years, new insecticides have been introduced that provide a diversity of novel modes of action and routes of activity to effectively control whitefly. Consequently, intensive used of insecticides in vegetable cultivation has resulted in reduced susceptibility and develops resistance in agriculture industry. In controlling B. tabaci population, insecticides are the common method used by farmers. This study aimed to determine the most effective insecticide against B tabaci by using LC5o value. This study was conducted at the Crop Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia with the controlled room temperature of 24.33 ± 0.14℃ with dark and light ratio of 1：1 （12 hours： 12 hours） is an ideal condition for rearing the insect. The hypothesis of the study is to test if insecticides can control the nymph of whitefly. A total of 50 two-day-old nymphs were treated with insecticides using leaf-dip bioassay procedure. This experiment was replicated three times. The survival rates of the nymphs were analyzed using analysis of variance （ANOVA）. Data on toxicity was analyzed by a special Probit Programme-Single Line Analysis based on Finney （1971）. There was a significant difference （df = 8, F = 85.84, P = 0.000） in survival rate of nymph ofB. tabaci to eight insecticides tested. Among the insecticides tested, dimethoate, chlorpyrifos ＋ cypermethrin and diafenthiuron showed significantly higher survival rate of nymph compared to other treatments. When LC50 values were compared for diafenthiuron which is less potent （LCs0 ---- 2.44）, abamectin was found to be 3.44 times more potent than diafenthiuron, followed by esfenvalerate,acetamiprid, profenofos, chlorpyrifos ＋ cypermethrin and dimethoate, and the least potent was deltamethrin. The toxicity of eight insecticides tested against nymphs was

关键词： toxicity insecticide lethal concentration relativepotency whitefly

Prediction of Whitefly Population and Infestation Based on Multitrophic Analysis between Competitor Pest,Plant Traits and Natural Enemy

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第5期9卷 294-309页

作者： mohd rasdi zaini Noor Shuhaina Shaikh Mazran Che Salmah Md Rawi Alshami Salman Department of Entomology Faculty of Plantation and AgrotechnologyUniversity Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Cawangan Melaka Campus JasinMelaka 77300Malaysia Department of Entomology Faculty of Plantation and AgrotechnologyUniversity Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah Alam 45400Malaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenang 11800Malaysia

Interaction among arthropods(insect-acarine)was investigated at all trophic levels in agro-ecosystem and affects the population dynamic and diversification of arthropod pests and intensity of natural enemy(parasitism)as well as stimulates the plant chemical *** the present study of two cropping periods,nutrient concentration and early infestation of plant-sucking pests are known to trigger different degrees of interactions(plant’s parameters)which potentially alert abundance and diversity of the insect *** interaction and magnitude of impact could be assessed(multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)and redundancy analysis(RDA))and observed between arthropods(insect-acarine)community and plants’parameters from the strongest to the lowest *** two factors could have affected the community of insect-pests with various degrees of pressure effect and interaction that occurred naturally,thus leading to the predictable abundance of insect-acarine populations under eggplant leaves in response to plant physical characteristics(e.g.,size of leaves,number of leaves and plant height)and biochemical constituents(flavonoid,phenolic,peroxidase andβ-1,3-glucanase).Based on multivariate analyses of multitrophic interaction,MANOVA and RDA have the potential to elucidate the complex interaction among plant performance,abundance of pests and activity chemical defence *** analyses interpreted similar interactions of measured parameters in different *** population in this study was predictable by aphids,thrips and total phenolic contents in *** has capable defence systems against insect-acarine pests after stimulation(pre-infestation).In relation to IPM strategy,early stages of plant growth are known as susceptible periods for pests attack but the plant becomes more tolerant during the fruiting stage.

关键词： Multitrophic insect interaction whitefly aphids thrips and eggplant

Nutritional and therapeutic benefits of coconut milk and its potential as a plant-based functional yogurt alternative: a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Gengghatarani Gengan Nurul Solehah mohd zaini Nazamid Saari Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin Ahmad Haniff Jaafar Hanan Hasan Elicia Jitming Lim Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory， Institute of Biological Sciences， Faculty of Science， Universiti Malaya Faculty of Food Science and Technology， Universiti Putra Malaysia School of Life and Environmental Sciences， The University of Sydney

Plant-based milks are on the rise due to an increased awareness of their sustainability and health benefits. Currently， dairy milk is the most nutritionally complete beverage， but it suffers from the presence of indigestible lactose and allergenic proteins. Coconut milk has been around for a long time， but its application is limited due to a perceived lack of specific nutrients， high saturated fat levels， and low acceptability. Recent evidence indicates， however， that the saturated fat and other plant-based components found in coconut milk are good for metabolic outcomes and brain health. The conversion of coconut milk to yoghurt will further improve its functionality by boosting its existing nutritional qualities. In this article， the nutritional value of coconut milk， as well as its potential downsides， its application as yoghurt， and suggestions for enhancing its nutritional functionality will be examined.

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Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic study of Ocimum tenuiflorum *** extract in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第12期6卷 1029-1036页

作者： Leila Mousavi Rabeta mohd Salleh Vikneswaran Murugaiyah mohd zaini Asmawi Food Technology Division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains Malaysia Discipline of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia

Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.(***) leaves used in the traditional medicine management of diabetes in ***:*** leaves were extracted sequentially with hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,methanol,and *** extracts were evaluated in terms of antidiabetic activity by using acute,subcutaneous glucose tolerance,and sub-chronic tests in streptozotocininduced diabetic *** extracts were also subjected to phytochemical ***:With an acute dose(1 g/kg),the methanol extracts showed significant reduction(31%) in fasting blood glucose(FBG) of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic *** FBG-decreasing effect of ethyl acetate extract was more rapid than that of the other extracts;the decreasing rates were 20%after 2 h,21%after 3 h,and 8%after 5 and 7 *** 7 h(31%),the effect of methanol extract on FBG was significantly lower than that of *** the subcutaneous glucose tolerance test,only methanol and hexane extracts showed the similarity of metformin in diabetic *** 14 days,the effects of these extracts were similar to those of metformin(63.33%).The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of extracts decreased as the polarity of the extraction solvent ***:The results obtained provide support for a possible use of *** leaves in managing hyperglycemia and preventing the complications associated with it in type 2 diabetic.

关键词： Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes Antidiabetic Fasting blood glucose Subcutaneous glucose tolerance test Phytochemical analysis

Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Methane on Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 66-77页

作者： mohd Saufi Md zaini Muhammad Arshad Syed Shatir A.Syed-Hassan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan TerengganuKampus Bukit BesiDungun 23200Malaysia Department of Basic Science Jhang-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal ScienceLahore 35200Pakistan School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah Alam 40450Malaysia

Activated carbon(AC)was synthesized from palm kernel shell(PKS)using different activating agents,i.e.,steam,carbon dioxide(CO 2),and CO 2-steam,in order to analyze the impact of acti-vating agents on the pore opening of *** this study,AC produced from PKS was found to have great potential as an adsorbent for methane *** different molecular diffusivity and reac-tivity of the combination of CO 2 and steam succeeded in producing AC with the highest burn-offof 78.57%,a surface area of 869.82 m 2/g,a total pore volume of 0.47 cm 3/g,and leading to maximum methane gas adsorption capacity of 4.500 mol/*** types of ACs exhibited the best fit with the Freundlich isotherm model,with the correlation coefficient(R 2)ranging from 0.997 to 0.999,indicating the formation of multilayer *** addition,the adsorption kinetic data for all ACs followed the pseudo-first-order model showing that the rate of adsorption was dependent on both the adsorbent and the adsorbate and was governed primarily by physical ad-sorption between the pore surface and methane *** results of intraparticle diffusion model indicated that the adsorption of methane was affected by both pore diffusion and exterior layer diffusion due to the different adsorption rates.

关键词： Palm kernel shell Activated carbon Methane adsorption Kinetic model Isotherm model

A review on promising phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies on Moringa oleifera Lam. in tropical and sub-tropical regions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第10期6卷 896-902页

作者： Hafiz Irfan Muhammad mohd zaini Asmawi Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan Discipline of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Sargodha Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia

Plants have provided sources to find novel compounds. These plants are being used as therapeutic purposes since the birth of mankind. The traditional healers normally utilize medicinal plants as crude drugs while scientists using the folk claim as guides to explore medicinal plants. Moringa oleifera is a famous edible plant having therapeutic and nutritive values. The present study was designed to cumulate the research data regarding to what extent, phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies has been explored using its different extracts. The articles indicated that the powder, aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of Moringa oleifera(leaves, pods, seeds, stem and root bark) have significant therapeutic herbal potential to treat diabetes mellitus. Collectively, the mechanism behind is intestinal glucose inhibition, insulin release as well as decrease in insulin resistance probably regeneration of b-cells of pancreas, increase in glutathione and reduction in malondialdehyde. Conclusively, this article give descriptive information about antidiabetic effect, claimed marker compounds and proposed antihyperglycemic mechanism of a single plant. It can be suggested a potential herbal source to treat diabetes mellitus as being widely accepted by major population as nutrition and therapeutic agent.

关键词： Antihyperglycemic Aqueous Ethanol Moringa oleifera Antidiabetic

Mechanisms underlying the vascular relaxation activities of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum in thoracic aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第1期18卷 46-58页

作者： Nadiah Razali Aidiahmad Dewa mohd zaini Asmawi Nornisah Mohamed Nurul Maizan Manshor Department of Physiology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia Department of Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia

Objective: To evaluate vasorelaxant and vasoconstriction effects of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum(ZOVR)on live rats and isolated aortic rings of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs).Methods: Extracts of ZOVR were subjected to in-vivo antihypertensive screening using noninvasive blood pressures in SHRs. The most potent extract, ZOVR petroleum ether extract(ZOP) was then fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform and water. Isolated thoracic aortic rings were harvested and subjected to vascular relaxation studies of n-hexane fraction of ZOP(HFZOP) with incubation of different antagonists such as Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME, 10 μmol/L), indomethacin(10 μmol/L), methylene blue(10 μmol/L), atropine(1 μmol/L), glibenclamide(10 μmol/L), prazosin(0.01 μmol/L), and propranolol(1 μmol/L).Results: During the screening of various ZOVR extracts, ZOP produced the most reduction in blood pressures of SHRs and so did HFZOP. HFZOP significantly decreased phenylephrine-induced contraction and enhanced acetylcholine-induced relaxation. L-NAME, indomethacin, methylene blue, atropine, and glibenclamide significantly potentiated the vasorelaxant effects of HFZOP. Propranolol and prazosin did not alter the vasorelaxant effects of HFZOP. HFZOP significantly suppressed the Ca2+-dependent contraction and influenced the ratio of the responses to phenylephrine in Ca2+-free ***: This study demonstrates that ZOP may exert an antihypertensive effect in the SHR model. Its possible vascular relaxation mechanisms involve nitric oxide and prostacyclin release, activation of cGMP-KATP channels, stimulation of muscarinic receptors, and transmembrane calcium channel or Ca2+release from intracellular stores. Possible active compounds that contribute to the vasorelaxant effects are 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol and 6-shogaol.

关键词： Zingiber officinale var.rubrum Vasorelaxation Vasoconstriction Aortic rings Herbal medicine

Determination of Traps' Density of State in OLEDs from Current-Voltage Analysis

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Chinese Physics Letters 2016年第1期33卷 127-131页

作者： M.S.zaini M.A.mohd Sarjidan W.H.Abd.Majid Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre Physics DepartmentUniversity of Malaya

A simple method to determine the traps＇ density of state （DOS） in organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） by manipulating the current-voltage （I-V） characteristic of the devices at room temperature is introduced. In particular, the trap-dependent space-charge limited current formula is simplified to obtain effective density of traps. In this study, poly[（9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl）-alt-（benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazol-4,8-diyl）] （F8BT） and 2- Methoxy-5-（3＇, 7＇-dimethyloctyloxy） benzene-l,4-diacetonitrile （0C1 Clo-PPV） are selected as the OLEDs emissive layer. The trap DOS of F8BT- and OC1Clo-PPV-based OLEDs are calculated in the magnitudes of 1024 m^-3 and 1023 m^-3, respectively. In addition, the results agree with the other conventional method which is used to determine the trap DOS in OLEDs. This calculation technique may serve as a robust and reliable approach to obtain the trap DOS in OLEDs at room temperature.

关键词： OLEDs Determination of Traps of in from