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Alignment of solid targets under extreme tight focus conditions generated by an ellipsoidal plasma mirror

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第2期4卷 30-35页

作者： Deepak Kumar Michal Smid Sushil Singh Alexander Soloviev Hannes Bohlin Konstantin Burdonov Gashaw Fente Alexander Kotov livia lancia Vit Leedl Sergey Makarov Michael Morrissey Sergey Perevalov Denis Romanovsky Sergey Pikuz Ryousuke Kodama David Neely Paul McKenna Tomas Lastovicka Mikhail Starodubtsev Stefan Weber Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Julien Fuchs ELI Beamlines Institute of Physics5.kvetna 83525241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IAP RAS) 46 Ulyanov Street603950 Nizhny NovgorodRussia LULI-CNRS Ecole PolytechniqueCEA:Universite Paris-SaclayUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitiesF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Research Center Toptec Institute of Plasma PhysicsSobotecka 166051101 TurnovCzech Republic Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science(JIHT RAS) Moscow 125412Russia Division of Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUnited Kingdom Department of Physics SUPA University of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany

The design of ellipsoidal plasma mirrors(EPMs)for the PEARL laser facility is *** EPMs achieve a magnification of 0.32 in focal spot size,and the corresponding increase in focused intensity is expected to be about *** and implementing such focusing optics for short-pulse(<100 fs)systems paves the way for their use in future high-power facilities,where they can be used to achieve intensities beyond 1023W/cm^(2).A retro-imaging-based target alignment system is also described,which is used to align solid targets at the output of the ellispoidal mirrors(with a numerical aperture of 0.75 in this case).

关键词： beyond mirror extreme

Calcium handling:a strategy to fight neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2685-2686页

作者： livia La Barbera Elena Spoleti Marcello D’Amelio Department of Sciences and Technologies for Humans and Environment UniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaRomeItaly Department of Experimental Neurosciences IRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly Department of Medicine and Surgery UniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaRomeItaly

In the last few years,preclinical and clinical studies identified the ventral tegmental area(VTA)as one of the first brain regions to be affected in the prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease(AD).The VTA is a deep midbrain nucleus rich in dopaminergic neurons that innervates and releases dopamine(DA)in several cortical and subcortical brain *** plays a crucial role in the modulation of both cognitive and noncognitive functions and failure of its release underlies both cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with AD.

关键词： Alzheimer clinical release

Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 56:what a mouse can tell-a narrative review

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2022年第2期5卷 55-63页

作者： livia Parodi Claire Pujol Sorbonne Université Paris Brain Institute(ICM Institut du Cerveau)INSERMCNRSAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris(AP-HP)Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital Institut Pasteur UMR3691 CNRSUniversitéde Paris75015 ParisFrance

Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 56(SPG56-HSP)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by loss of function mutations in CYP2U1,leading to an early-onset limbs spasticity,often complicated by additional neurological or extra-neurological *** its low prevalence,the molecular bases underlying SPG56-HSP are still poorly understood,and effective treatment options are still ***,through the generation and characterization of the SPG56-HSP mouse model,we were able to take few important steps forward in expanding our knowledge of the molecular background underlying this complex *** the Cyp2u1-/-mouse model we were able to identify several new diagnostics biomarkers(vitamin B2,coenzyme Q,neopterin,and interferon-alpha),as well as to highlight the key role played by the folate pathway in SPG56-HSP pathogenesis,providing a potential treatment *** this review,we discuss the major role played by the Cyp2u1-/-model in dissecting clinical and biological aspects of the disease,opening the way to a series of new research paths ranging from clinical trials,biomarker testing,and to the expansion of the underlying genetic and molecular,emphasizing how basic mouse model characterization could contribute to advance research in the context of rare disorders.

关键词： folate hereditary spastic paraplegia mitochondria mouse model neurological diseases

Convergent pathways of the gut microbiota–brain axis and neurodegenerative disorders

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 90-107页

作者： Carolina Gubert Juciano Gasparotto livia H.Morais Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Melbourne Brain CentreUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Universidade Federal de AlfenasRua Gabriel Monteiro da SilvaAlfenasMinas GeraisBrasil Division of Biology&Biological Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA

Recent research has been uncovering the role of the gut microbiota for brain health and *** studies highlight the role of gut microbiota on regulating brain function and behavior through immune,metabolic,and neuronal *** this review we provide an overview of the gut microbiota axis pathways to lay the groundwork for upcoming sessions on the links between the gut microbiota and neurogenerative *** also discuss how the gut microbiota may act as an intermediate factor between the host and the environment to mediate disease onset and *** on the current literature,we further examine the potential for different microbiota-based therapeutic strategies to prevent,to modify,or to halt the progress of neurodegeneration.

关键词： gut microbiota-brain axis neurodegeneration inflammation microbial metabolism gut microbiota

Structure of human NCC:insights into the inhibition mechanism of thiazides

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第8期8卷 3549-3550页

作者： livia de Souza Goncalves Pattareeya Yottasan Onur Cil Department of Pediatrics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA

A recent study published in Nature by Fan et al.1 identified the structure of human NCC alone and in complex with a thiazide diuretic using cryo-electron *** extensive clinical use of NCC inhibitor thiazide diuretics since 1950s,the structure and inhibition mechanisms of NCC have remained elusive,and Fan et *** is a major step toward better understanding the NCC biology and mechanism of action of thiazide ***-chloride cotransporter(NCC,also known as SLC12A3)is expressed in the kidney where it facilitates electroneutral NaCl absorption.

关键词： azide mechanism

Exploring the configuration space of elemental carbon with empirical and machine learned interatomic potentials

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 987-998页

作者： George A.Marchant Miguel A.Caro Bora Karasulu livia B.Pártay Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University02150 EspooFinland

We demonstrate how the many-body potential energy landscape of carbon can be explored with the nested sampling algorithm,allowing for the calculation of its pressure-temperature phase *** compare four interatomic potential models:Tersoff,EDIP,GAP-20 and its recently updated version,*** evaluation is focused on their macroscopic properties,melting transitions,and identifying thermodynamically stable solid structures up to at least 100 *** phase diagrams of the GAP models show good agreement with experimental ***,we find that the models’description of graphite includes thermodynamically stable phases with incorrect layer *** adding a suitable selection of structures to the database and re-training the potential,we have derived an improved model—GAP-20U+gr—that suppresses erroneous local minima in the graphitic energy *** extreme high pressure nested sampling identifies two novel stable structures in the GAP-20 model,however,the stability of these is not confirmed by electronic structure calculations,highlighting routes to further extend the applicability of the GAP models.

关键词： carbon potential configuration

From pandemic to a new normal:Strategies to optimise governmental interventions in Indonesia based on an SVEIQHR-type mathematical model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 346-363页

作者： Benny Yong Jonathan Hoseana livia Owen Center for Mathematics and Society Department of MathematicsParahyangan Catholic UniversityBandung40141Indonesia

There are five different forms of intervention presently realised by the Indonesian government in an effort to end the COVID-19 pandemic:vaccinations,social restrictions,tracings,testings,and *** this paper,we construct a mathematical model of type SVEIQHR(susceptible-vaccinated-exposed-infected-quarantined-hospitalised-recovered)for the disease's spread in the country,which incorporates as parameters the rates of the above interventions,as well as the vaccine's *** determine the model's equilibria and basic reproduction *** the model,we formulate strategies by which the interventions should be realised in order to optimise their *** results show that,in a disease-free state,when the number of new cases rises,the best strategy is to implement social restrictions,whereas in an endemic state,if a near-lockdown policy is undesirable,carrying out vaccinations is the best strategy;however,efforts should be aimed not primarily towards increasing the vaccination rate,but towards the use of highefficacy vaccines.

关键词： COVID-19 Equilibrium Basic reproduction number Intervention Social restriction Vaccination

Compatibility and stability studies involving polymers used in fused deposition modeling 3D printing of medicines

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第3期12卷 424-435页

作者： Ihatanderson A.Silva Ana Luiza Lima Tais Gratieri Guilherme M.Gelfuso livia L.Sa-Barreto Marcilio Cunha-Filho Laboratory of Food Drugand Cosmetics(LTMAC)School of Health SciencesUniversity of Brasilia70910-900BrasíliaDFBrazil Faculty of Ceilandia University of Brasilia(UnB)72220-900BrasíliaDFBrazil

One of the challenges in developing three-dimensional printed medicines is related to their stability due to the manufacturing conditions involving high *** work proposed a new protocol for preformulation studies simulating thermal processing and aging of the printed medicines,tested regarding their morphology and thermal,crystallographic,and spectroscopic ***,despite the strong drug-polymer interactions observed,the chemical stability of the model drugs was preserved under such *** fact,in the metoprolol and Soluplus®composition,the drug's solubilization in the polymer produced a delay in the drug decomposition,suggesting a protective effect of the *** and polyvinyl alcohol mixture,in turn,showed unmistakable signs of thermal instability and chemical decomposition,in addition to physical *** the presented context,establishing protocols that simulate processing and storage conditions may be decisive for obtaining stable pharmaceutical dosage forms using three-dimensional printing technology.

关键词： Three-dimensional printing Preformulation Hot-melt extrusion Thermal analysis Drug-polymer compatibility

livia Kohn, Zhuangzi： Text and Context （reviewed by Martin Schonfeld）

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2017年第2期12卷 328-334页

作者： livia Kohn University of South Florida

livia Kohn＇s Zhuangzi： Text and Context is a comprehensive monograph on the great Chinese philosopher Zhuangzi 荘子（Chuang Tzu, d. 286 BCE）. The book is divided into 24 chapters, a bibliography, and an index. The chapters are arranged in a loose sequence that begins with textual and historical information about the Book of Zhuangzi 荘子, continues with interpretations of key topics and expositions of relevant contexts, and ends with Zhuang zi-related forays into environmental ethics and contemporary concerns.

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