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Flattening the biological age curve by improving metabolic health:to taurine or not to taurine,that’s the question

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第11期20卷 813-823页

作者： kwok m.ho Anna Lee William Wu matthew T.V.Chan Lowell Ling Jeffrey Lipman Jason Roberts Edward Litton Gavin m.Joynt martin Wong Department of Intensive Care medicine Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthAustralia medical School The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia School of Veterinary&Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthAustralia Department of Anaesthesia&Intensive Care Prince of Wales HospitalChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jamieson Trauma Institute Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Division of Anaesthesiology Critical Care Emergency and Pain medicine Nîmes University HospitalUniversity of MontpellierNîmesFrance University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Herston Infectious Diseases Institute(HeIDI) Metro North HealthBrisbaneAustralia Departments of Pharmacy and Intensive Care medicine Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia JC School of Public Health and Primary Care Centre for Health Education and Health PromotionChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed *** med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health *** are seeing in-creasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions;all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare *** is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus,ischemic heart disease,cognitive decline,and frailty.A recently accepted concept termed‘Accelerated Biological Aging’can be diagnosed when a person’s biological age—as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation—is older than their corresponding chronological ***,a conditionally essential amino acid,has received much attention in the past few years.A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation sug-gesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health,including blood glucose control,so much that it has been labelled one of the‘longevity amino acids’.In this review article,we propose the rationale that an adequately powered random-ized-controlled-trial(RCT)is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health,and biological *** trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors,and also the community at large,to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.

关键词： rational meaningful Taurine

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Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized elderly patients： Time to consider a ＇mUST＇ strategy

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第2期8卷 114-120页

作者： kwok m.ho Edward Litton Department of Intensive Care medicine Royal Perth Hospital and School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth WA 6000 Australia

Venous thromboembolism （VTE） is the commonest cause of preventable death in hospitalized patients. Elderly patients have higher risk of VTE because of the high prevalence of predisposing co-morbidities and acute illnesses. Clinical diagnosis of VTE in the elderly patient is particularly difficult and, as such, adequate VTE prophylaxis is of pivotal importance in reducing the mortality and morbidities of VTE. Omission of VTE prophylaxis is, however, very common despite continuous education. A simple way to overcome this problem is to implement universal VTE prophylaxis for all hospitalized elderly patients instead of selective prophylaxis for some patients only according to individual＇ s risk of VTE. Although pharmacological VTE prophylaxis is effective for most patients, a high prevalence of renal impairment and drug interactions in the hospitalized elderly patients suggests that a multimodality approach may be more appropriate. mechanical VTE prophylaxis, including calf and thigh compression devices and/or an inferior vena cava filter, are often underutilized in hospitalized elderly patients who are at high-risk of bleeding and VTE. Because pneumatic compression devices and thigh length stockings are virtually risk free, mechanical VTE prophylaxis may allow early or immediate implementation of VTE prophylaxis for all hospitalized elderly patients, regardless of their bleeding and VTE risk. Although the cost-effectiveness of this multimodality Universal STat （＇mUST＇） VTE prophylaxis approach for hospitalized elderly patients remains uncertain, this strategy appears to offer some advantages over the traditional ＇selective and single-modal＇ VTE prophylaxis approach, which often becomes ＇hit or miss＇ or not implemented promptly in many hospitalized elderly patients. A large clustered randomized controlled trial is, however, needed to assess whether early, multimodality, universal VTE prophylaxis can improve important clinical outcomes of hospitalized elderly patients.

关键词： age bundle of care deep vein thrombosis prevention pulmonary embolism

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Intelligent automated system based on a fuzzy logic system for plant protection product control in orchards

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 92-102页

作者： Peter Berk A.Belšak D.Stajnko m.Lakota N.muškinja m.hočevar J.Rakun Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of MariborPivola 102311 HoceSlovenia Faculty of mechanical Engineering University of MariborSmetanova 172000 MariborSlovenia Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MariborSmetanova 172000 MariborSlovenia Faculty of mechanical Engineering University of LjubljanaAskerceva 61000 LjubljanaSlovenia

The spraying of plant protection product(PPP)in orchards is a very hazardous working procedure,owing to the spray drift caused by the uneven operation of conventional axial boom *** research describes an intelligent automated system for precise(PPP)distribution in *** is based on an intelligent decision-making model using ultrasonic measurements of leaf area density under laboratory conditions,which serve to trigger electromagnetic valves(EmV)on the axial boom sprayer.A fuzzy logic algorithm was an integrated part of the intelligent system for controlling the PPP by generating the pulse width modulation signal and applying it through the EmV of the prototype boom *** results showed that by using an intelligent decision-making model,the same efficiency as with conventional methods could be achieved,but with reduced usage of plant protection ***,the intelligent automated system used 4.8 times less spray mixture than the conventional one.

关键词： plant protection product boom sprayer electromagnetic valve fuzzy logic algorithm tree canopy

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modulation of Neuroimmune Responses on Glia in the Central Nervous System： Implication in Therapeutic Intervention against Neuroinflammation

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2009年第5期6卷 317-326页

作者： Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kin Chiu Yuen-Shan ho kwok-Fai So Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases Depamnent of Anatomy LKSFaculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSAR China Research Centre of Heart Brain Hormone and Healthy Aging LKSFaculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong KongSAR China State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences University of HongKong. Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China Department of Anatomy LKS Faculty of Miedicine The University of Hong Kong Rm.

It has long been known that the brain is an immunologically privileged site in normal conditions. Although the cascade of immune responses can occur as long as there is a neuronal injury or a potent immune stimulation, how the brain keeps glial cells in a quiescent state is still unclear. Increasing efforts have been made by several laboratories to elucidate how repression oi~ immune responses is achieved in the neuronal environment. The suppression factors include neurotransmitters, neurohormones, neurotrophic factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and cell-cell contact via adhesion molecules or CD200 receptor. This review discusses how these factors affect the cascade of cerebral immune responses because no single factor listed above can fully account for the immune suppression. While several factors contribute to the suppression of immune responses, activation of glial cells and their production of pro-inflammatory factors do occur as long as there is a neuronal injury, suggesting that some neuronal components facilitate immune responses. This review also discusses which signals initiate or augment cerebral immune responses so that stimulatory signals override the suppressive signals. Increasing lines of evidence have demonstrated that immune responses in the brain are not always detrimental to neurons. Attempt to simply clear off inflammatory factors in the CNS may not be appropriate for neurons in neurological disorders. Appropriate control of immune cells in the CNS may be beneficial to neurons or even neuroregeneration. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying immune suppression may help us to reshape pharmacological interventions against inflammation in many neurological disorders.

关键词： neural cell adhesion molecule neurotrophins potassium ions microglia neuroinflammation

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Patients with Helicobacter pylori positive and negative duodenal ulcers have distinct clinical characteristics

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第23期11卷 3518-3522页

作者： Kent-man Chu Ka-Fai kwok Simon Law Kam.ho Wong Department of Surgery

AIm: To assess the clinical characteristics of Helicobacterpylori(H pylori) negative duodenal ***: Patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of duodenal ulcer between 1996 and 2002 were included in the present study. Patients were considered to be negative for Hpylori, if both histological examination and rapid urease test of biopsy specimens were negative. A comparison was made between patients with H pyloripositive and negative duodenal ***: A total of 1 343 patients were studied. Their mean age was 54.7±0.5 years. There was a male preponderance (m:F = 2.5:1). Three hundred and ninetyeight patients (29.6%) did not have H pylori infection. The annual proportion of patients with H pylori negative duodenal ulcers increased progressively from 1996 to2002. On multivariate analysis, patients with H pylorinegative duodenal ulcer were more likely to be older, have concomitant medical problem, pre-existing malignancy, recent surgery, underlying sepsis, or taken non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In terms of clinical presentations, patients with H pylori negative duodenal ulcer were more likely to present with bleeding, multiple ulcers and larger ***: The proportion of patients with H pylori negative duodenal ulcers is on the rise because of a continued drop in incidence of H pylori positive duodenalulcers in recent years. Such patients have distinct clinical characteristics and it is important to ascertain the H pylori status before starting eradication therapy.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Duodenal ulcer

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Photodynamic therapy-mediated modulation of inflammatory cytokine production by Epstein–Barr virus-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2010年第4期7卷 323-326页

作者： ho-Kee Koon kwok-Wai Lo kwok-Nam Leung maria Li Lung Chris Chi-Kwong Chang Ricky Ngok-Shun Wong Wing-Nang Leung Nai-Ki mak Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHong Kong Department of Anatomical and Cellular Biology and State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China Prince of Wales HospitalShatinHong Kong Department of Biochemistry and Food and nutritional Sciences Programme The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong Department of Biology Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong School of Chinese medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant disease associated with Epstein–Barr virus(EBV)*** study aims to examine the effects of EBV infection on the production of proinflammatory cytokines in NPC cells after the Zn-BC-Am photodynamic therapy(PDT)*** were treated with the photosensitiser Zn-BC-Am for 24 h before light *** ELISA was used to evaluate the production of *** the same experimental condition,HK-1-EBV cells produced a higher basal level of IL-1a(1561 pg/ml),IL-1b(16.6 pg/ml)and IL-8(422.9 pg/ml)than the HK-1 *** the light dose of 0.25–0.5 J/cm2,Zn-BC-Am PDT-treated HK-1-EBV cells were found to produce a higher level of IL-1a and IL-1b than the HK-1 *** production of IL-1b appeared to be mediated via the IL-1b-converting enzyme(ICE)-independent *** contrast,the production of angiogenic IL-8 was downregulated in both HK-1 and HK-1-EBV cells after Zn-BC-Am *** results suggest that Zn-BC-Am PDT might indirectly reduce tumour growth through the modulation of cytokine production.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy nasopharyngeal carcinoma cytokines Epstein-Barr virus

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Deep Volatiles as the Key for Energy and Environments of the Four-Dimensional Earth System

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 393-394页

作者： ho-Kwang mao Craig m. Schiffries Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203 China Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science Washington DC 20015 USA

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and their compounds are volatile components that dominate the thin and fragile atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere on Earth’s habitable surface. however, the vast majority of these volatiles are hidden in the deep interior, where the high pressure–temperature conditions drastically and categorically alter the physics and chemistry of the volatiles. Like the bloodstream of an organism, the circulations and interactions of volatiles in the deep Earth modulate climate, resources, energy, natural hazards, and other factors that define the Earth as a unique living and changing planet.

关键词： Four-Dimensional Earth System Deep Volatiles

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metabolic programming in dendritic cells tailors immune responses and homeostasis

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 370-383页

作者： Sofie Hedlund møller Limei Wang Ping-Chih ho Department of Fundamental Oncology University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research University of LausanneEpalingesSwitzerland

It is being increasingly acknowledged that immune cells depend on certain metabolic traits to perform their functions and that the extracellular environment can influence cell metabolism and vice *** cell(DC)subsets traffic through highly diverse environments from the bone marrow,where they develop,to the various peripheral tissues,where they differentiate and capture antigens,before they migrate to the lymph node to present antigens and prime T *** is plausible that DC subsets modulate their stimulatory abilities in response to unique metabolic *** metabolic requirements of DCs are just recently being discovered,and subset-and context-specific metabolic phenotypes in DCs are highly intertwined with DC *** this review,we present the current knowledge on the intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of DC metabolism.how they regulate DC function with examples from tumor biology and in interaction with the microbiota,and discuss how this can be applied therapeutically.

关键词： Dendritic cells Immunometabolism homeostasis Tumor immunity microbiota

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Effects of dispersoid preforming via multistep sintering of oxide dispersion-strengthened CoCrFemnNi high-entropy alloy

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 187-200页

作者： SeungHyeok Chung Ji ho Shin ho Jin Ryu Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Central Research Institute Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co.Ltd.(KHNP)Daejeon 34101Republic of Korea

Dispersoid formation and microstructural evolution in an oxide dispersion-strengthened CoCrFemnNi high-entropy alloy(HEA)using a newly designed multistep sintering process are *** proposed multistep sintering consists of a dispersoid preforming heat treatment of as-milled 0.1 wt%Y_(2)O_(3)-CoCrFemnNi high-entropy alloy powders at 800℃,followed by sintering at 800–1000℃ under uniaxial *** the conventional single-step sintered bulk,the coarsened BCC Y_(2)O_(3)dispersoids mainly form with an incoherent interface with the HEA *** contrast,finer FCC Y_(2)O_(3)dispersoids,an atypical form of Y_(2)O_(3),are formed in the matrix region after multistep *** of FCC Y_(2)O_(3)disper-soids is initiated on the favorable facet,the{111}plane of the austenitic matrix,with the formation of a semi-coherent interface with the matrix during the dispersoid preforming heat treatment and it maintains its refined size even after *** is found that dispersoid preforming prior to sintering appears promising to control the finer dispersoid formation and refined grain structure.

关键词： Oxide dispersion strengthening High-Entropy alloy multistep sintering Dispersoid preforming microstructure evolution Interfacial structure

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The Saturation Characteristics of Glucose Transport in Bovine Retinal Pigment Epithelium

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眼科学报 1998年第3期14卷 126-129页

作者： Chi ho To Kin kwok Cheung Shing hon Chiu hon ming Lai Ka Shun Lung Laboratory of Ocular Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Optometry and Radiography The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKawloonHong Kong

Purpose:To study the saturation characteristics of the glucose transport across the bovine retinal pigment epithelium(RPE).methods:The bovine RPE preparations were munted with a modified Ussing *** L-[^(3)H]-glucose and 3-0-methyl-D-[^(14)C]-glucose fluxes across the RPE from the choroid to retina were studied at different glucose ***:The glucose transport was found to be stereospecific,with 3-0-methyl-D-glucose(mDG)being transported about three times faster than *** glucose transport showed typical saturation characteristics in michaelis-menten *** V_(max)and the K_(m)of corrected mDG were 2452 nmol cm^(-2)h^(-1)and 30.8 mm *** was shown that the glucose transport system was saturated at 61.6 ***:The saturation characteristics of the corrected mDG flux suggested that the capacity of glucose transport through the bovine RPE is immense.

关键词： ussing chamber retinal pigment epithelium glucose transport saturation kinetics

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