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益生菌在婴幼儿功能性胃肠病中的研究现状及展望

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中国当代儿科杂志 2024年第5期26卷 529-534页

作者：潘云凤吴敏婵(综述) 林茜(审校) 中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系湖南长沙410013

功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal disorders,FGIDs)是儿科常见的消化系统疾病,严重时会影响婴幼儿的生长发育。益生菌治疗作为一种安全性较高的治疗手段,备受研究者的关注,但其在治疗婴幼儿FGIDs中的效果目前尚不清楚。该文... 详细信息

功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal disorders,FGIDs)是儿科常见的消化系统疾病,严重时会影响婴幼儿的生长发育。益生菌治疗作为一种安全性较高的治疗手段,备受研究者的关注,但其在治疗婴幼儿FGIDs中的效果目前尚不清楚。该文综述了益生菌治疗婴幼儿FGIDs的机制及其相关研究,并探索各研究效果不一致的原因,以期为婴幼儿FGIDs的临床治疗和未来研究提供帮助。

关键词：功能性胃肠病益生菌婴幼儿

Improving the electrical performances of InSe transistors by interface engineering

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 153-158页

作者：曹天俊郝松吴晨晨潘晨戴玉頔程斌梁世军缪峰 Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresSchool of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute of Interdisciplinary Physical Sciences School of PhysicsNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210014China

InSe has emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation electronics due to its predicted ultrahigh electrical performance.However,the efficacy of the InSe transistor in meeting application requirements is hindered due to its sensitivity to interfaces.In this study,we have achieved notable enhancement in the electrical performance of InSe transistors through interface engineering.We engineered an InSe/h-BN heterostructure,effectively suppressing dielectric layer-induced scattering.Additionally,we successfully established excellent metal-semiconductor contacts using graphene ribbons as a buffer layer.Through a methodical approach to interface engineering,our graphene/InSe/h-BN transistor demonstrates impressive on-state current,field-effect mobility,and on/off ratio at room temperature,reaching values as high as 1.1 mA/μm,904 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1),and>10~6,respectively.Theoretical computations corroborate that the graphene/InSe heterostructure shows significant interlayer charge transfer and weak interlayer interaction,contributing to the enhanced performance of InSe transistors.This research offers a comprehensive strategy to elevate the electrical performance of InSe transistors,paving the way for their utilization in future electronic applications.

关键词： two-dimensional materials InSe van der Waals heterostructure electrical performances charge density difference

Effect of L-theanine combined with geniposide on depression-like behavior induced by the chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Qi-Ming Yu Yan Zhu Tao Jiang Ying Gao Nan Ling Na Wang John Shi Wei-Chun pan Qi-Zhen Du Jun-feng Yin Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization Ministry of Agriculture College of Food and Health Sciences Zhejiang A & F University Zhejiang Gongshang University Guelph Food Research Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada College of Public Health Guilin Medical University

Depression is a prevalent mental disorder with limited effective treatments， posing a significant global issue. This study explored L-theanine and geniposide， key components in "food-medicine homology" materials， to determine if their combination (TG) could alleviate depression-like behaviors and hippocampal neuronal damage in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model. Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into control， CUMS model， and CUMS+TG groups with varying doses. The CUMS group displayed depression-like behaviors， including reduced activity and sucrose preference. TG treatment partially reversed these changes， significantly increasing antioxidant enzyme activities， decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels， and improving neuromodulator levels. RNA-seq analysis identified the transthyretin (TTR) gene， upregulated in the model group but downregulated after TG treatment. TG treatment modulated intestinal microbiota composition compared to the CUMS group， including increased Firmicutes， reduced Bacteroidetes and Prevotella， and variable changes in Bifidobacterium abundance. In conclusion， our study indicates that CUMS exposure upregulates stress hormones and TTR expression， associated with neuroinflammation， oxidative stress， monoamine depletion， depression-like behaviors， and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. TG treatment alleviates these effects and modulates intestinal microbiota， suggesting L-theanine and geniposide’s potential as a novel depression therapy.

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Constructing low-valent Ni nanoparticles for highly selective CO_(2) reduction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第1期33卷 424-427页

作者： Kuanda Xu Shisheng Zheng Yang Li Honghao Chu Qi Xiong Zongwei Mei Qinghe Zhao Luyi Yang Shunning Li feng pan School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

The electroreduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)into value-added chemicals is a sustainable strategy for mitigating global warming and managing the global carbon balance.However,developing an efficient and selective catalyst is still the central challenge.Here,we developed a simple two-step pyrolysis method to confine low-valent Ni-based nanoparticles within nitrogen-doped carbon(Ni-NC).As a result,such Ni-based nanoparticles can effectively reduce CO_(2)to CO,with a maximum CO Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 98%at an overpotential of 0.8 V,as long as good stability.Experimental and the density functional theory(DFT)calculation results reveal that low-valent Ni plays a key role in activity and selectivity enhancement.This study presents a new understanding of Ni-based CO_(2)RR,and provides a simple,scalable approach to the synthesis of low-valent catalysts towards efficient CO_(2)RR.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction Ni-based catalysts Electrocatalytic selectivity Low-valent catalyst DFT calculation

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随机薄片网络的单轴拉伸强度及缺口不敏感性

中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2024年第5期54卷 253-268页

作者：张峰潘飞陈玉丽天目山实验室杭州310023 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院北京100191 厦门双瑞风电科技有限公司厦门361000

由高强度高刚度薄片随机组装而成的片状网络材料具有独特的性能和广泛的应用.然而,网络具有显著的随机和离散特征,这些特征对材料的强度和韧性的影响机理还不明确.为此,本文系统研究了随机薄片网络材料在单轴拉伸载荷下的损伤失效演化过... 详细信息

由高强度高刚度薄片随机组装而成的片状网络材料具有独特的性能和广泛的应用.然而,网络具有显著的随机和离散特征,这些特征对材料的强度和韧性的影响机理还不明确.为此,本文系统研究了随机薄片网络材料在单轴拉伸载荷下的损伤失效演化过程,发现了该类材料强度的缺口不敏感性,并揭示了其机理.研究表明,由于网络材料自身的随机和离散特征,层间连接强弱不均且分布随机,因此在单轴拉伸过程中,损伤从弱连接处萌生,并在空间多点离散分布,最终逐渐汇聚成为主裂纹,使得网络呈现韧性断裂特征.正是由于初始损伤为多点分布形式且缺口尖端应力集中有限,导致了随机薄片网络的强度对缺口的不敏感,且与薄片和层间连接的韧性无关.

关键词：随机薄片网络强度韧性缺口敏感性

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“一带一路”合作的“四轮驱动”推进机制

国际经济合作 2024年第2期40卷 1-12,91页

作者：卢锋潘松李江北京大学国家发展研究院

“一带一路”大规模基建提升互联互通水平成效彰显,探究揭示该领域合作规模多年快速扩大与近年调整的经济逻辑,对中国深化“一带一路”合作具有借鉴意义。依据对东道国政策诉求与现实制约的观察,中国在承包工程合作、设备材料配套、多... 详细信息

“一带一路”大规模基建提升互联互通水平成效彰显,探究揭示该领域合作规模多年快速扩大与近年调整的经济逻辑,对中国深化“一带一路”合作具有借鉴意义。依据对东道国政策诉求与现实制约的观察,中国在承包工程合作、设备材料配套、多样化股权融资和大规模债务融资等方面拥有的综合能力,构成“一带一路”基建成效彰显的“四轮驱动”推进机制。从实际情况看,工程承包能力和设备材料配套能力在国际市场上较容易获得替代供给,通过股权和债权提供融资能力则替代性较低和现实稀缺度较高,中国对相关必要条件的系统性匹配能力是快速推进“一带一路”合作的密码。随着近年来全球经济环境变化与主权债务风险释放,中国对外债务融资节奏有所放缓并伴随承包工程适度减速,对深化“一带一路”合作提出新问题。需针对现实形势演变进一步创新完善投融资方式,推动“一带一路”合作行稳致远。

关键词： “一带一路” 对外承包工程债务融资主权债务系统性匹配

Exploring the structural properties of cathode and anode materials in Li-ion battery via neutron diffraction technique

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2023年第5期42卷 44-55页

作者： Yuxi Luo Xiaoyu Gao Mingjie Dong Tao Zeng Ziwei Chen Maolin Yang Zhongyuan Huang Rui Wang feng pan Yinguo Xiao School of Advanced Materials Peking UniversityShenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen518055China

As a unique microprobe for structure and dynamics of materials,neutron possesses superior ability in penetration as well as sensitivity for light and magnetic elements in comparison with X-ray and electron.As for the research and development of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),neutron diffraction techniques play an indispensable role in exploring the structural properties of various electrode materials,especially the detailed structural evolution of cathode and anode materials during electrochemical cycling.Moreover,based on thorough analysis of neutron diffraction results,an in-depth and systematic understanding of some fundamental mechanisms,such as the formation mechanism of defects and migration mechanism of lithium ions,could also be established,which is essential for the development of high-performance electrode materials for the next-generation LIBs.Nevertheless,that technique would not seem to be widely applied yet in comparison with the application of X-ray diffraction and more attention should be paid.To demonstrate the advantages of neutron diffraction technique in research of LIBs materials,this work systematically summarizes representative neutron diffraction studies on exploring structural details hidden in electrode materials and on probing structural evolution of electrode materials during charge/discharge processes.Prospects for further applications of neutron diffraction techniques in research of LIBs are also put forward.

关键词： Neutron diffraction Lithium-ion battery Cathode and anode materials In operando characterization

基于有约束L_(1/2)范数稀疏正则化的声源识别方法

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振动与冲击 2024年第2期43卷 166-178页

作者：潘薇李远文冯道方黎敏北京科技大学钢铁共性技术协同创新中心北京100083 北京科技大学流体与材料相互作用教育部重点实验室北京100083 北京科技大学机械工程学院北京100083

基于等效源法(equivalent source method,ESM)的近场声全息(near field acoustic holography,NAH)是一种有效的声源识别技术。然而,针对空间稀疏分布的声源识别问题,传统基于L_(2)范数以及基于L_(1)范数的ESM方法分别存在声源幅值被低... 详细信息

基于等效源法(equivalent source method,ESM)的近场声全息(near field acoustic holography,NAH)是一种有效的声源识别技术。然而,针对空间稀疏分布的声源识别问题,传统基于L_(2)范数以及基于L_(1)范数的ESM方法分别存在声源幅值被低估与算法稳定性差等问题。因此,提出了基于有约束L_(1/2)范数稀疏正则化的声源识别方法,该方法具有强稀疏性与强抗干扰的优势,可以解决传统方法的声源识别精度低的问题。通过数值模拟试验以及普通室内的实测实验,验证了方法的有效性。

关键词：声源识别等效源法(ESM) 有约束L_(1/2)范数稀疏正则化

安徽省土壤阳离子交换量传递函数构建与精度评价

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土壤通报 2024年第2期55卷 374-382页

作者：潘启凤曾荣南京信息工程大学地理科学学院江苏南京210044

[目的]由于化学测定方法费时费力,很多历史土壤资料缺少阳离子交换量(CEC)信息。本研究旨在基于易获取的变量建立安徽省土壤CEC的预测模型。[方法]利用覆盖安徽全省区域的711个土样的有机质含量、颗粒组成和土壤pH的信息,采用逐步多元... 详细信息

[目的]由于化学测定方法费时费力,很多历史土壤资料缺少阳离子交换量(CEC)信息。本研究旨在基于易获取的变量建立安徽省土壤CEC的预测模型。[方法]利用覆盖安徽全省区域的711个土样的有机质含量、颗粒组成和土壤pH的信息,采用逐步多元线性回归方法建立CEC预测模型;并按土壤层次、土壤类型、母质、土地利用方式、质地和石灰性六种分组方式检验了其对模型预测精度的影响。[结果](1)利用全省未分组数据建立的预测模型精度较低,调整R^(2)仅为0.33;(2)按土壤类型、土地利用方式和石灰性进行分组,整体上可提高模型的预测精度,调整R2提升至0.44~0.93;但按土壤层次、母质和质地进行分组,模型精度未得到明显改善甚至有所下降;(3)预测安徽省土壤CEC的参数重要性依次为土壤黏粒含量、土壤有机质含量和土壤pH。[结论]基于未分组数据集上建立的安徽省土壤CEC模型精度很低,依据土壤类型、土地利用方式和石灰性进行分组可提高CEC的预测精度,对CEC预测最重要的变量是土壤黏粒含量,其次是土壤有机质含量和土壤pH。

关键词：土壤阳离子交换量传递函数有机质黏粒 pH