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ENERGY AND WATER sUsTAINABILITY:THE ROLE OF URBAN CLIMATE CHANGE FROM METROPOLITAN INFRAsTRUCTURE

Journal of Green Building 2006年第3期1卷 124-138页

作者： Jay s.Golden anthony Brazel Jennifer salmond David Laws National Center of Excellence on sMART Innovations Global Institute of sustainability.Arizona state University P.O.Box 873211TempeArizona 85287-3211 Department of Geography&Global Institute of sustainability.Arizona state University Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management Climate&Atmospheric Programs.University of Birmingham UK Environmental Technology and Policy Program.Massachusetts Institute of Technology

As recently as 1950,30%of the world’s population lived in urban *** the year 2030,60%of the world’s population will live in *** science of sustainable development requires the ability to examine and understand the implications of broad and aggregate *** is even more difficult in rapidly urbanizing regions globally where the pace of change itself becomes part of what has to be taken into account in engineering designs,modeling,planning,and policy *** is quickly transitioning communities from native vegetation to man-made urban engineered *** changes in the characteristics of the land surface can have a marked impact on the partitioning of energy at the *** is often manifested in microscale and mesoscale modifications to the thermal properties of the surface and atmosphere and can result in significant increases in temperatures in comparison to adjacent rural regions which,is known as the Urban Heat Island Effect(Urban Heat Island or UHI).The UHI is understood in theory,but its practical engineering and policy implications resist interpretation due to the variations in social,economic and environmental conditions in a given region at a given *** findings of this research indicate that the thermal modifications to the climate as result of urbanization have impacted the sustainability of the Phoenix,Arizona *** HVAC electrical consumption for a representative 2,000 ft 2 has increased from 7,888 kWh per year in the 1950’s to over 8,873 kWh per year in the 1990’*** also impacts water supply in the arid region as the research finds 6,550 gallons of water is consumed by household for HVAC electricity consumption.

关键词： Urban Heat Island electricity water metropolitan infrastructure urbanization sustainability

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Microglia Research in the 100th Year since Its Discovery

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第3期36卷 303-306页

作者： anthony DUmpierre Long-Jun Wu Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Neuroscience Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224USA Department of Immunology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA

In 1919,Pio del Rio-Hortega first described a class of cells residing in the brain with a tiny soma and branched architecture distinguishable from astrocytes and *** cells,called microglia or mesoglia,have come to be appreciated as resident immune cells in the central nervous system(CNs).In the year 2019,we review the three most recent advances in microglia research in this 100th year since their discovery(Fig.1).We first discuss their transcriptional diversity,which allows us to appreciate the heterogeneity of microglia across species,development,diseases,and brain *** also highlight recent stem cell-based approaches that allow us to study human microglia.

关键词： diseases glia appreciate

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LiDAR mapping of ground damage in a heading re-orientation case study

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 67-74页

作者： Nicole Evanek Brent slaker anthony Iannacchione Tim Miller National Institute for Occupational safety and Health Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA 15260USA East Fairfield Coal Company North LimaOH 44452USA

The subtropolis Mine is a room-and-pillar mine extracting the Vanport limestone near Petersburg,Ohio,*** February of 2018,mine management began implementing a heading re-orientation to better control the negative effects of excessive levels of horizontal *** conditions in the headings improved,but as expected,stress-related damage concentrated within *** mine operator has worked to lessen the impact of the instabilities in the outby crosscuts by implementing several engineering *** the implementation of each control,conditions were monitored and analyzed using observational and measurement techniques including 3D LiDAR *** the heading re-orientation,several 3D LiDAR surveys have been conducted and analyzed by researchers from the National Institute for Occupational safety and Health(NIOsH).This study examines(1)the characteristics of each 3D LiDAR survey,(2)the change in the detailed strata conditions in response to stress concentrations,and(3)the change detection techniques between 3D LiDAR surveys to assess entry ***,the 3D LiDAR surveys proved to be a useful tool for characterizing ground instability and assessing the effectiveness of the engineering controls used in the heading re-orientation at the subtropolis Mine.

关键词： Ground control Limestone Horizontal stress stress control layout Crosscut Windows

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Development of tropoelastin-functionalized anisotropic PCL scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 64-72页

作者： Miao Zhang Ziyu Wang Anyu Zhang Linyang Liu suzanne M.Mithieux Marcela M.M.Bilek anthony s.Weiss Charles Perkins Centre The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia school of Life and Environmental sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Applied and Plasma Physics Laboratory School of PhysicsThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia school of Biomedical Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia sydney Nano Institute The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

The highly organized extracellular matrix(ECM)of musculoskeletal tissues,encompassing tendons,ligaments and muscles,is structurally anisotropic,hierarchical and *** features collectively contribute to their unique *** studies have investigated the effect of tissue-engineered scaffold anisotropy on cell morphology and organization for musculoskeletal tissue repair and regeneration,but the hierarchical arrangement of ECM and compartmentalization are not typically ***,we present a method for multi-compartmental scaffold design that allows for physical mimicry of the spatial architecture of musculoskeletal tissue in regenerative *** design is based on an ECM-inspired macromolecule ***(PCL)scaffolds were fabricated with aligned fibers by electrospinning and mechanical stretching,and then surface-functionalized with the cell-supporting ECM protein molecule,tropoelastin(TE).TE was attached using two alternative methods that allowed for either physisorption or covalent attachment,where the latter was achieved by plasma ion immersion implantation(PIII).Aligned fibers stimulated cell elongation and improved cell alignment,in contrast to randomly oriented *** coatings bound by physisorption or covalently following 200 s PIII treatment promoted fibroblast *** represents the first cytocompatibility assessment of novel PIII-treated TE-coated PCL *** demonstrate their versatility,these 2D anisotropic PCL scaffolds were assembled into 3D hierarchical constructs with an internally compartmentalized structure to mimic the structure of musculoskeletal tissue.

关键词： tropoelastin PCL musculoskeletal tissue engineering plasma immersion ion implantation electrospinning anisotropy hierarchical

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Pancreatic cancer:A model cancer for the study of the therapeutic effects of anticoagulants

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2009年第1期1卷 38-40页

作者： anthony Maraveyas The Queen's Centre for Oncology and Haematology Hull and York Medical SchoolCastle Hill Hospital

Cancer-related thromboembolic disease is a well recognized syndrome since first described by Armand Trousseau in *** the morbidity and mortality related to thromboembolism in these patients is becoming a priority research area with the advent of new *** is only recently that randomized trials of improved quality are been undertaken to study this *** of these trials however are still not accounting for the heterogeneity of "cancer" in terms of anatomical site,histology,stage and *** editorial review highlights why pancreatic cancer may serve as a model malignancy to study this question.

关键词： Pancreatic Cancer Vascular Thromboembolism Vascular thromboembolic disease Heparin Anticoagulants

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What we have learned from randomized trials of prostate cancer screening

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 369-373,510页

作者： Richard M Hoffman anthony Y smith Medicine service New Mexico VA Health Care System Albuquerque NM 87108 USA Department of Medicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM 87108 USA Department of surgery University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM 87108 USA

The introduction of prostate-specific antigen （PsA） for prostate cancer screening in the late 1980s led to an epidemic of prostate cancer, particularly in developed countries. However, the first valid reports from randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of screening were not published until 2009. Men in the screening group in the European Randomized study of screening for Prostate Cancer were 20% less likely than those in the control group to die from prostate cancer. The absolute difference was only 0.7/1000, implying that over 1400 men needed to be screened to prevent one prostate cancer death. screening was also associated with a 70% increased risk for being diagnosed with prostate cancer. The American Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer screening Trial found no survival benefit for screening. Results were not conclusive because a substantial proportion of study subjects had previously undergone PsA testing, over half of the control group had PsA testing, follow-up was relatively short, and fewer than 100 subjects died from prostate cancer. Balancing the potential survival benefit from screening is the risk of overdiagnosis--finding cancers that would not otherwise cause clinical problems^and the risk of treatment complications, including urinary, sexual and bowel dysfunction. Prostate cancer screening efforts would benefit from improved biomarkers, which more readily identify clinically important cancers. Cancer control efforts might also need to include chemoprevention, though currently available agents are controversial. In the meantime, oatients need to be supoorted in achievine informed decisions on whether to be screened for orostate cancer.

关键词： cancer screening prostate-specific antigen prostatic neoplasms randomized controlled trials as topic

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Discussion on “Gaining Effciency via Weight Estimators for Multivariate Failure Time Data” by Fan, Zhou and Chen

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science China Mathematics 2009年第6期52卷 1129-1130页

作者： KUK anthony Department of statistics and Applied Probability National University of Singapore Singapore

The survival analysis literature has always lagged behind the categorical data literature in developing methods to analyze clustered or multivariate data. While estimators based on

关键词： Discussion on Gaining Effciency via Weight Estimators for Multivariate Failure Time Data Zhou and Chen by Fan

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set-theoretic detection of data corruption attacks on cyber physical power systems

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2018年第5期6卷 872-886页

作者： Efstathios KONTOURAs anthony TZEs Leonidas DRITsAs Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Patras Electrical and Computer Engineering Program New York University Abu Dhabi Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Educators School of Pedagogical and Technological EducationASPETE 14121 Athens Greece

This paper addresses a set-theoretic method for the detection of data corruption cyber-attacks on the load frequency control loop of a networked power system. The system consists of several interconnected control areas forming a power grid. Based on the overall discrete-time network dynamics, a convex and compact polyhedral robust invariant set is extracted and is used as a set-induced anomaly detector. If the state vector exits the invariant set,then an alarm will be activated, and the potential threat is considered disclosed. The attack scenario used to assess the efficiency of the proposed anomaly detector concerns corrupted frequency sensor measurements transmitted to the automatic generation control unit of a compromised control area. simulation studies highlight the ability of a set-theoretic approach to disclose persistent and intermittent attack patterns even when they occur at the same time with changes in the power load demand.

关键词： Power systems Load frequency control Cyber-attacks set-theoretic methods

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A systematic study of Disaster Risk in Brunei Darussalam and Options for Vulnerability-Based Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2017年第2期8卷 208-223页

作者： anthony Banyouko Ndah John Onu Odihi Environmental studies Program Department of Geography and DevelopmentFaculty of Arts and Social ScienceUniversiti Brunei Darussalam Faculty of social sciences Department of GeographyUniversity of Maiduguri

This systematic study of disaster risk and disaster management efforts in Brunei Darussalam uncovers the reasons why floods and landslides in particular continue to inflict significant social,economic,and psychological *** to the impacts of hydro-meteorological hazards continue to rise despite international awareness and improved disaster governance and information,and regardless of the vast financial and material resources spent on structural and nonstructural measures for disaster relief and community *** premise is that,a poor diagnosis of the disaster risk issue is at the root of the disaster risk dilemma in Brunei *** conducted our vulnerability-centered disaster risk assessment based largely on the Pressure and Release(PAR) Model proposed by Wisner et *** research results reveal that:(1)Hazard-risk in Brunei is high due to the impact of global climate change,the country's local geography,and Brunei's relative location in the Asia–Pacific *** reporting of localized disasters to international databases however fuels the misperception of low disaster risk in Brunei;(2) High community vulnerability and disaster risk is due to limited knowledge,awareness,and motivation among the general population,which prevents effective mitigation and adaptation to low magnitude but recurrent hazardous events;and(3) Partial incorporation of disasterrisk reduction into governance structures and development plans contributes to heightened disaster *** frameworks are proposed that can minimize social vulnerability,reduce disaster risk,and enhance community resilience and adaptive capacity as part of a strengthened governance *** with improvements in preparedness,response,recovery,and reconstruction promoted by the National Disaster Management Centre(NDMC),vulnerability and disaster risk can be minimized,and a more inclusive and sustainable growth can be generated.

关键词： Brunei Darussalam Community vulnerability Disaster risk reduction Pressure and Release Model(PAR)

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Caecal pH is a biomarker of excessive colonic fermentation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第17期20卷 5000-5007页

作者： Adam D Farmer sahar D Mohammed George E Dukes s Mark scott anthony R Hobson Centre for Digestive Diseases Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular ScienceWingate Institute of NeurogastroenterologyBarts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E1 2AJUnited Kingdom GlaxosmithKline Research and Development Durham County NC 27709-3398United States Functional Gut Clinic London W1G 6NBUnited Kingdom

AIM: To ascertain whether caecal pH is different in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBs), whose primary symptoms are bloating and distension, to healthy controls.

关键词： Caecal pH Caecoparesis Bloating Colonic microbiota Fermentation

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