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A study of influence of gravity on bulk behaviour of particulate solid

Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 467-474页

作者： Yun-Chi Chung Jin Yeam ooi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanya Institute of Technology Institute for Infrastructure & Environment School of Engineering & Electronics University of Edinburgh

This paper examines the influence of gravity on the bulk responses of a granular solid. The loading scenarios in this study include confined compression, rod penetration into a granular medium and discharging through an orifice. Similar loading and flow conditions are likely to be encountered in the stress and deformation regimes that regoliths are subjected to in extraterrestrial exploration activities including in situ resource utilisation processes. Both spherical and non-spherical particles were studied using the discrete element method （DEM）. Whilst DEM is increasingly used to model granular solids, careful validations of the simulation outcomes are rather rare. Thus in addition to exploring the effect of gravity, this paper also compares DEM simulations with experiments under terrestrial condition to verify whether DEM can produce satisfactory predictions. The terrestrial experiments were conducted with great care and simulated closely using DEM. The key mechanical and geometrical properties for the particles were measured in laboratory tests for use in the DEM simulations. A series of DEM computations were then performed under reduced gravity to simulate these experiments under extraterrestrial environment. It was found that gravity has no noticeable effect on the force transmission in the confined compression case; the loading gradient in the rod penetration is linearly proportional to the gravity; the mass flow rate in silo discharge is proportional to square root of the gravity and the angle of repose increases with reducing gravity. These findings are in agreement with expectation and existing scientific evidence.

关键词： Extraterrestrial Particulate assembly Confined compression Rod penetration Silo discharge Discrete element method Gravity effect

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Fumarate hydratase inactivation in renal tumors: HIF1α, NRF2, and "cryptic targets" of transcription factors

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2012年第9期31卷 413-420页

作者： Aikseng ooi Kyle A.Furge Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Urological Oncology Van Andel Research Institute

Biallelic inactivation of fumarate hydratase (FH) causes type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC2), uterine fibroids, and cutaneous leimyomas, a condition known as hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC). The most direct effect of FH inactivation is intracellular fumarate accumulation. A majority of studies on FH inactivation over the past decade have focused on the theory that intracellular fumarate stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A) through competitive inhibition of HIF prolyl hydroxylases. Recently, a competing theory that intracellular fumarate activates nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) through post-translational modification of its negative regulator. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) has emerged from a computational modeling study and mouse model studies. This review dissects the origin of these two governing theories and highlights the presence of chromatin-structure-regulated targets of transcription factors, which we refer to as "cryptic targets" of transcription factors. One such cryptic target is heme oxygenase I (HMOX1), the expression of which is known to be modulated by the gene product of SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4 (SMARCA4, also known as BRG1).

关键词：富马酸盐转录因子酶失活肾肿瘤缺氧诱导因子1 竞争性抑制染色质结构水合

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Measuring gravitational effect of superintense laser by spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensates interferometer

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第5期31卷 265-273页

作者： Eng Boon Ng C.H.Raymond ooi Department of Physics University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

We consider an extremely intense laser,enclosed by an atom *** gravitational potential generated from the high-intensity laser is solved from the Einstein field equation under the Newtonian *** compute the strength of the gravitational force and study the feasibility of measuring the force by the atom *** intense laser field from the laser pulse can induce a phase change in the interferometer with Bose-Einstein *** push up the sensitivity limit of the interferometer with Bose-Einstein condensates by spin-squeezing effect and determine the sensitivity gap for measuring the gravitational effect from intense laser by atom interferometer.

关键词： intense laser field atom interferometer Bose-Einstein condensates spin-squeezing

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Use of dry yeast cells as a cheap nitrogen source for lactic acid production by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans WCPIO-4

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 381-385页

作者： Kim Yng ooi Jin Chuan Wu Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences A'STAR 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore

Dry yeast cells （DYC） were used as a cheap nitrogen source to replace expensive yeast extract （YE） for L-lactic acid production by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans. Cassava starch （200 g. L1） was converted to L-lactic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using Bacillus coagulans WCP10-4 at 50℃ in the presence of 20g·L-1 of DYC, giving 148.1 g·L-1 of L- lactic acid at 27 h with a productivity of 5.5 g·L-1·h-1 and a yield of 92%. In contrast, 154.4 g·L-1 of lactic acid was produced at 24 h with a productivity of 6.4 g·L-1. hl and a yield of 96% when equal amount of YE was used under the same conditions. Use of pre-autolyzed DYC at 50℃ for overnight slightly improved the lactic acid titer （154.5g·L-1） and productivity （7.7g·L-1·h-1） but gave the same yield （96%）.

关键词： coagulans L-lactic acid thermophilic strain Bacillus dry yeast cells autolysis fermentation

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Effects of vitamin E on stroke: a systematic review with meta- analysis and trial sequential analysis

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第1期6卷 109-120页

作者： hong Chuan Loh Renly Lim Kai Wei Lee Chin Yik ooi Deik Roy Chuan Irene Looi Yuen Kah Hay Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan Clinical Research Center Hospital Seberang JayaMinistry of Health MalaysiaSeberang JayaMalaysia Clinical and Health Sciences University of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman-Kampus Bandar Sungai LongKajangMalaysia Medical Department Hospital Seberang JayaMinistry of Health MalaysiaSeberang JayaMalaysia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaMindenMalaysia

There are several previous studies on the association of vitamin E with prevention of stroke but the findings remain *** have conducted a systematic review,meta-analysis together with trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation versus placebo/no vitamin E on the risk reduction of total,fatal,non-fatal,haemorrhagic and ischaemic *** studies were identified by searching online databases through Medline,PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.A total of 18 studies with 148016 participants were included in the *** was no significant difference in the prevention of total stroke(RR(relative risk)=0.98,95% CI 0.92-1.04,p=0.57),fatal stroke(RR=0.96,95% CI 0.77-1.20,p=0.73)and non-fatal stroke(RR=0.96,95% CI 0.88-1.05,p=0.35).Subgroup analyses were performed under each category(total stroke,fatal stroke and non-fatal stroke)and included the following subgroups(types of prevention,source and dosage of vitamin E and vitamin E alone vs control).The findings in all subgroup analyses were statistically *** stroke subtypes analysis,vitamin E showed significant risk reduction in ischaemic stroke(RR=0.92,95% CI 0.85-0.99,p=0.04)but not in haemorrhagic stroke(RR=1.17,95%CI 0.98-1.39,p=0.08).However,the trial sequential analysis demonstrated that more studies were needed to control random *** of this study include the following:trials design may not have provided sufficient power to detect a change in stroke outcomes,participants may have had different lifestyles or health issues,there were a limited number of studies available for subgroup analysis,studies were mostly done in developed countries,and the total sample size for all included studies was insufficient to obtain a meaningful result from *** conclusion,there is still a lack of statistically significant evidence of the effects of vitamin E on the risk reduction of str

关键词： vitamin prevention dosage

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Superhydrophobic PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 Membrane with Hierarchical Roughness in Membrane Distillation for Water Recovery from Phenolic Rich Solution Containing Surfactant

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第6期37卷 609-616页

作者： N.Hamzah C.P.Leo B.S.ooi School of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

Superhydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) membrane incorporated with nanoparticles was applied in membrane distillation to recover water from phenolic rich solution containing surfactant. The membranes coated on woven support were fabricated using phase inversion with dual bath coagulation and post-modified using silane. The membranes incorporated with TiO_2, SiO_2, or a mixture of TiO_2-SiO_2 nanoparticles achieved the water contact angle higher than 160°. The addition of TiO_2-SiO_2 mixture into PVDF matrix further enhanced the hierarchical roughness of membrane. Hence, PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane achieved the highest permeation flux and rejected 99.9% of gallic acid in the feed(100 g/L). PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane also maintained a relative flux(J/J0) higher than0.9 after 8 h of operation. Even with the presence of surfactant in phenolic rich solution, PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane was able to exhibit relative flux above 0.8. The significant changes on the hydrophobicity and chemical properties of PVDF/TiO_2-SiO_2 membrane due to fouling were not observed after 50 h of static adsorption test.

关键词： Superhydrophobic PVDF Nano particles Roughness Membrane distillation

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Far Infrared Optical Properties of Bulk Wurtzite Zinc Oxide Semiconductor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第5期27卷 465-470页

作者： Pohkok ooi Saicheong Lee Shashiong Ng Zainuriah Hassan Haslan Abu Hassan Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Technology Laboratory School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia

Polarized far infrared （FIR） reflectance technique was applied to study the optical properties of a bulk wurtzite zinc oxide （ZnO） single crystal. Room temperature polarized FIR reflectance spectra were taken at various angles of incidence, from 20°to 70°. The theoretical polarized FIR reflectance spectra were simulated based on the anisotropic dielectric function model. Good agreement was achieved between the experimental and the theoretical FIR reflectance spectra. Through this work, a complete set of reststrahlen parameters of a bulk wurtzite ZnO at the Brillouin zone centre was obtained. Additionally, other FIR optical properties such as the real and the imaginary parts of the complex dielectric function, real and imaginary parts of the refractive index, the absorption coefficient and the reciprocal of the absorption coefficient were also obtained by using numerical calculation.

关键词： Zinc oxide Far infrared Polarization Infrared reflectance

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Analytical and finite-element study of optimal strain distribution in various beam shapes for energy harvesting applications

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第4期32卷 670-683页

作者： B.L.ooi J.M.Gilbert A.Rashid A.Aziz Faculty of Integrative Sciences and Technology Quest International University Perak (QIUP) Faculty of Science and Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of Hull Center for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility(CAREM) Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP)

Owing to the increasing demand for harvesting energy from environmental vibration for use in self-powered electronic applications, cantilever-based vibration energy harvesting has attracted considerable interest from various parties and has become one of the most common approaches to converting redundant mechanical energy into electrical energy. As the output voltage produced from a piezoelectric material depends largely on the geometric shape and the size of the beam, there is a need to model and compare the performance of cantilever beams of differing *** paper presents the study of strain distribution in various shapes of cantilever beams, including a convex and concave edge profile elliptical beam that have not yet been discussed in any prior literature. Both analytical and finite-element models are derived and the resultant strain distributions in the beam are computed based on a MATLAB solver and ANSYS finite-element analysis tools. An optimum geometry for a vibration-based energy harvesting system is ***, experimental results comparing the power density for triangular and rectangular piezoelectric beams are also presented to validate the findings of the study, and the claim, as suggested in the literature, is verified.

关键词： harvesting triangular elliptical verified normalized piezoelectric cantilever redundant validate rectangular

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Pluripotency and its layers of complexity

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Cell Regeneration 2012年第1期1卷 47-56页

作者： Jolene ooi Pentao Liu Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Hinxton CB101SAUK Technology and Research Agency for Science1 Fusionopolis Way#20-10Connexis North Tower 138632Singapore.

Pluripotency is depicted by a self-renewing state that can competently differentiate to form the three germ *** stages of early murine development can be captured on a petri dish,delineating a spectrum of pluripotent states,ranging from embryonic stem cells,embryonic germ cells to epiblast stem *** cell populations displaying signs of pluripotency have also been uncovered,from the isolation of embryonic carcinoma cells to the derivation of induced pluripotent stem *** insight into the molecular circuitry within these cell types enlightens us about the significance and contribution of each stage,hence deepening our understanding of vertebrate *** this review,we aim to describe experimental milestones that led to the understanding of embryonic development and the conception of *** also discuss attempts at exploring the realm of pluripotency with the identification of pluripotent stem cells within mouse teratocarcinomas and embryos,and the generation of pluripotent cells through nuclear *** conclusion,we illustrate pluripotent cells derived from other organisms,including human derivatives,and describe current paradigms in the comprehension of human pluripotency.

关键词： Naïve pluripotency Primed pluripotency Embryonic stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Epiblast stem cells

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Amine-based solvent for CO_2 absorption and its impact on carbon steel corrosion: A perspective review

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第5期28卷 1357-1367页

作者： Zhe Lun ooi Pui Yee Tan Lian See Tan Swee Pin Yeap Department of Chemical&Petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTechnology&Built EnvironmentUCSI University56000Cheras Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemical Process Engineering Malaysia–Japan International Institute of TechnologyUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJalan Sultan Yahya Petra54100 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Carbon dioxide(CO2)is one of the commonly emitted gaseous by-products in industrial *** CO2 gas is the main cause to greenhouse effect,various CO2 capture technologies have been proposed and implemented to sequester the CO2 before the waste gases being released into the *** of the mature technologies for CO2 absorption is by using amine-based *** this regard,different single amine solvents or blended amine solvents have been proven for their capability to remove ***,the dissolution and reaction of CO2 gas with the amine solvents turn the solution *** phenomenon is undesired as it posts corrosion problem to the absorption column,which normally built of carbon steel ***,understanding the behaviour of different amine-based solvents in absorbing CO2 and its subsequent impact on carbon steel corrosion is very *** this review article,we will outline some of the more commonly used solvents and their respective advantages and disadvantages,motivating further investigation into the corrosion ***,existing gaps in this research area are discussed for future investigation.

关键词： Greenhouse gases PCCC technology Amine solvent Corrosion rate Carbon steel

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