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Influence of organic and inorganic properties of coal-shale on spontaneous combustion liability

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 851-857页

作者： M.Onifade B.Genc N.wagner The School of Mining Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg 2050South Africa Department of Geology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2092South Africa

Coal and coal-shale undergo low-temperature oxidation when exposed to air,potentially leading to spontaneous ***-shale found in association with coal seams vary considerably in their intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability *** coal-shale samples collected from four different coal mines in Witbank Coalfield,South Africa,were experimentally *** influence of coal-shale intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability indices(determined by the WitsEhac Index and the Wits-CT Index)were *** liability indices indicate relationships with the intrinsic factors and thus,identifying the major intrinsic factors affecting liability toward spontaneous combustion in these coal-shale *** XRF analysis indicated that the coal-shale samples are rich in Si O2,Al2O3 and Fe2O3,while the XRD showed that same coal-shale samples are generally dominated with kaolinite and *** coal-shale occurred in association with medium Rank C bituminous coal and contained varying proportion of *** Wits-Ehac Index was unable to reliably determine liability indices of some coal-shale samples,and hence the Wits-CT Index was *** results obtained from the characterisation tests may be used as a tool to predict the spontaneous combustion liability in carbonaceous material and may serve as a reference when comparing coal-shale from different coal mines.

关键词： Wits-Ehac Index Wits-CT Inde Witbank Coalfield and self-heating

Spatial variance and assessment of nitrogen dioxide pollution in major cities of Pakistan along N5-Highway

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 4-14页

作者： Yasir Shabbir Muhammad Fahim Khokhar Reza Shaiganfar Thomas wagner Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)Islamabad Pakistan Satellite Remote Sensing Group Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry

This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on 13 and 14 November, 2012. The main objective of the field campaign was to assess the spatial distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）columns and corresponding concentrations along the N5-Highway from Islamabad to *** identification of NO_2 revealed that the concentrations were higher within major cities along the highway. The highest NO_2 vertical column densities（NO_2VCDs） were found around two major cities of Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study also presents a comparison of NO_2 VCDs measured by the ozone monitoring instrument（OMI） and car MAX-DOAS observations. The comparison revealed similar spatial distribution of the NO_2 columns with both car MAX-DOAS and satellite observations, but the car MAX-DOAS observations show much more spatial details. Maximum NO_2 VCD retrieved from car MAX-DOAS observations was up to an order of magnitude larger than the OMI observations in urban areas.

关键词： Car MAX-DOAS Satellite remote sensing Nitrogen dioxide N5-Highway Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards

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电动汽车悬架运动学优化方法

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S1期50卷 1-9页

作者： Y HUANG j KÖPLER A wagner j NEUBECK B jACOBSON 查尔默斯理工大学瑞典哥德堡41296 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

电池电动汽车(BEV)的主要挑战之一是续航里程是否足够,因此在任何最近的车辆概念中,最大化的电池体积是合乎需要的。悬架作为最大的电动汽车子系统之一,对这一点有着重要的影响。本研究目的是使用自动化方法进行悬架开发,主要是引入一... 详细信息

电池电动汽车(BEV)的主要挑战之一是续航里程是否足够,因此在任何最近的车辆概念中,最大化的电池体积是合乎需要的。悬架作为最大的电动汽车子系统之一,对这一点有着重要的影响。本研究目的是使用自动化方法进行悬架开发,主要是引入一种新的可转向后悬架概念与电力推进系统,即从配备内燃机(ICE)的传统汽车开始,开发一种悬架,以满足纯电动汽车的新装配要求,同时保持有关驾驶动力学的典型要求。悬架概念是为具有大电池尺寸的高级汽车而优化的,此外还考虑了先进的主动系统,如空气弹簧和大转向角的主动后轮转向。该概念还提出了一种具有良好调整运动学性能的封装解决方案,符合原始设备制造商的调整理念。为解决由此产生的高复杂性,使用了新开发的方法,即运动学优化是用一种创新的方法完成的,该方法根据给定的要求自动提出新的硬点。在设计中,使用简化模型来表示复杂零件的形状,因此可以从包装的角度自动判断运动学概念是否可行。结果表明,新的悬架概念可以处理具有挑战性的装配问题和复杂的运动学要求。

关键词：电动汽车(BEV) 开发过程运动学包装

The ascent of immune checkpoint inhibitors： is the understudy ready for a leading role？

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第4期14卷 341-347页

作者： amy L. Cummings Edward B. Garon Department of Hematology and Oncology David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles 90095 USA

The recent approval of pembrolizumab as second-line treatment for any solid tumor with high-level microsatellite instability or mismatch repair deficiency agnostic of tissue and origin1 has shattered a glass ceiling for immune checkpoint *** longer bound to a specific cancer diagnosis but rather a biomarker,pembrolizumab has heightened a burgeoning optimism towards the drug *** how these agents should carve out additional

关键词： PD The ascent of immune checkpoint inhibitors:is the understudy ready for a leading role PFS OS ORR IHC

Biomaterials for refractive correction:corneal onlays and inlays

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第4期57卷 501-509页

作者： WU jian FUNDERBURGH james L wagner William R McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh

Corneal inlays and onlays represent a means of providing patients with permanent refractive error correction. As an alternative to conventional spectacles and contact lens, these techniques are less invasive compared with laser-based refractive surgery and are reversible. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the anatomic microstructure of the human cornea, indicating the primary physiological function for each component. Next, the wide range of biomaterials used as corneal inlays and onlays are considered, from synthetic polymers to biological components derived from the extracellular matrix. The limitations and challenges associated with the most common materials are discussed as is the need to improve their properties to achieve long-term, complication-free intraocular implantation. Finally, the prospect of applying tissue engineering strategies is noted for its potential to generate autologous corneal tissue that could be implanted as the optimal inlay or onlay materials.

关键词： refractive error onlays inlays synthetic polymer biological extracellular matrix refractive surgery

Correlates of avian extinction timing around the world since 1500 CE

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Avian Research 2024年第4期15卷 403-412页

作者： Kyle D.Kittelberger Colby j.Tanner amy N.Buxton Amira Prewett Çagan Hakkı Sekercio glu School of Biological Sciences University of Utah257 S 1400 ESalt Lake CityUT84112USA KoçUniversity Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsIstanbulTurkiye

Avian extinctions have been relatively well documented in modern history,and in the past millennia,more bird species are known to have gone extinct than species in any other vertebrate *** examined the biological correlates of extinction timing among 216 bird species that recently were either observed to go extinct or dis-appeared since 1500 CE,performing a novel analysis for examining the extinction trends of birds by modelling traits against the number of years since present day during which species have been *** analyzed a broad range of traits and characteristics that have previously been associated with extinction and extinction risk in birds and compared the effects of these traits simultaneously against one *** order to provide a more comprehensive and robust assessment of trait-based drivers of global bird loss in comparison to prior studies,we included extinct species recognized by any of the three major avian taxonomies as well as those birds that lack recent confirmed sightings and are at least functionally *** found that insular,flightless,larger-bodied,ecologically specialized species,as well as those with high aspect ratio wings,were likely to go extinct earlier in *** identifying the key locations and time periods over the past five centuries where birds have gone extinct,and highlighting specific extinction-prone taxonomic groups,we provide a complete and unified dataset of traits used in this study that helps address the lack of extensive public data on modern extinct species.

关键词： Anthropocene extinction Bird conservation Body mass Ecological specialization Flightlessness Islands Ornithology

Characterization of coal using electron spin resonance： implications for the formation of inertinite macerals in the Witbank Coalfield, South Africa

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International journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 385-398页

作者： Ofentse M. Moroeng jonathan M. Keartland R. james Roberts Nicola j. wagner Department of Geology University of JohannesburgP.O. Box 524 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Department of Geology University of Pretoria Mineral Sciences Building Pretoria 0002 South Africa School of Physics and Materials Physics Institute University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

Coal contains a significant concentration of free radicals as a result of the coalification process. One of the experimental methods sensitive to the presence of radicals is electron spin resonance （ESR）, and differences in ESR spectra for different macerals may provide insight into coal-forming processes. In this study, ESR data along with the H/C atomic ratio （to infer the aromatic fraction） are used to characterize coal samples with the aim of assessing a fire-origin for dominant inertinite macerals. A medium rank C bituminous Witbank No. 4 Seam Upper coal （the parent） was density- fractionated to create vitrinite-rich and inertinite-rich samples. The parent sample consists of 42 vol% vitrinite and 49 vol% inertinite. The density-fractionated samples comprise of 81 vol% total vitrinite （dominated by collotelinite and collodetrinite）, and 63 vol% total inertinite （dominated by fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite）. The H/C ratio is 0.74 for the inertinite-rich sample, and 0.85 for the vitrinite-rich counterpart, suggesting the former sample is more aromatic. The ESR spectra obtained for the three samples were found to fit best using a Lorentzian distribution. The fit is noticeably better for the aromatic inertinite-rich sample, for which the spectrum is symmetric. This is attributed to pronounced electron mobility and exchange interactions. The higher radical content of the inertinite-rich and parent samples is attributed to the presence of specific inertinite macerals, namely： fusinite, semifusinite, and inertodetrinite. And, owing to the greater radical content of the inertinite-rich sample, the dominant inertinite macerals are interpreted to have formed through charring of plant matter.

关键词： Main Karoo Basin Radical contents Origin pathways Charring Fusinite Semifusinite

Data-Driven Microstructure and Microhardness Design in Additive Manufacturing Using a Self-Organizing Map

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Engineering 2019年第4期5卷 730-735页

作者： Zhengtao Gan Hengyang Li Sarah j.Wolff jennifer L.Bennett Gregory Hyatt Gregory j.wagner jian Cao Wing Kam Liu Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA DMG MORI Hoffman EstatesIL 60192USA

To design microstructure and microhardness in the additive manufacturing(AM)of nickel(Ni)-based superalloys,the present work develops a novel data-driven approach that combines physics-based models,experimental measurements,and a data-mining *** simulation is based on a computational thermal-fluid dynamics(CtFD)model,which can obtain thermal behavior,solidification parameters such as cooling rate,and the dilution of solidified *** on the computed thermal information,dendrite arm spacing and microhardness are estimated using well-tested mechanistic *** microstructure and microhardness are determined and compared with the simulated values for *** visualize process-structure-properties(PSPs)linkages,the simulation and experimental datasets are input to a data-mining model-a self-organizing map(SOM).The design windows of the process parameters under multiple objectives can be obtained from the visualized *** proposed approaches can be utilized in AM and other data-intensive ***-driven linkages between process,structure,and properties have the potential to benefit online process monitoring control in order to derive an ideal microstructure and mechanical properties.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Data science Multiphysics modeling Self-organizing map Microstructure Microhardness Ni-based superalloy

A ONE-STOP LOGISTIC SERVICES FRAMEWORK SUPPORTING GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN COLLABORATION

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2016年第2期25卷 229-253页

作者： amy j.C. Trappey Charles V. Trappey Sandy W.C. Chang W.T. Lee Tun Nien Hsu Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan China Department of Management Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan China Technology Center for Service Industries Industrial Technology Research Institute Taiwan China

A global enterprise must continuously improve the efficiency of logistic operations between supply chain collaborators. Integrating logistic services, resources, and necessary information flows in the supply chain to ensure efficiency and efficacy is critically important to these companies. Global logistic service companies face challenges from their clients to provide logistic services that are cost effective, accurate, and seamlessly integrate material, information and cash flows. In this research, an improved framework for one-stop logistic services is systematically designed, analyzed, and evaluated. The one-stop logistic service framework, defmed in four models, is developed to provide enterprises with integrated and comprehensive services within the global supply chain context. The levels of service importance are assessed using a four categories questionnaire. This research provides a case study of the implementation of one-stop logistic services in the distribution industry and demonstrates the framework operating under different demand conditions. Finally, system dynamics causal evaluation is used to evaluate the advantages of the logistic service framework.

关键词： One-stop logistic services logistic management supply chain management system dynamics modeling