Spatial variance and assessment of nitrogen dioxide pollution in major cities of Pakistan along N5-Highway

作     者：Yasir Shabbir Muhammad Fahim Khokhar Reza Shaiganfar Thomas Wagner 

作者机构：Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)Islamabad Pakistan Satellite Remote Sensing Group Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry 

出 版 物：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 (环境科学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2016年第28卷第5期

页      面：4-14页

核心收录：

学科分类：083002[工学-环境工程] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0713[理学-生态学] 

基　　金：financial support as Master thesis research fund to conduct this study 

主　　题：Car MAX DOAS Satellite remote sensing Nitrogen dioxide N5 Highway Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards 

摘      要：This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on 13 and 14 November, 2012. The main objective of the field campaign was to assess the spatial distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）columns and corresponding concentrations along the N5-Highway from Islamabad to *** identification of NO_2 revealed that the concentrations were higher within major cities along the highway. The highest NO_2 vertical column densities（NO_2VCDs） were found around two major cities of Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study also presents a comparison of NO_2 VCDs measured by the ozone monitoring instrument（OMI） and car MAX-DOAS observations. The comparison revealed similar spatial distribution of the NO_2 columns with both car MAX-DOAS and satellite observations, but the car MAX-DOAS observations show much more spatial details. Maximum NO_2 VCD retrieved from car MAX-DOAS observations was up to an order of magnitude larger than the OMI observations in urban areas.