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Stem Cells and Exosomes-associated Therapeutic Applications

Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 232-246页

作者： usama ahmed Muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur Rehman Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with sizes from 30 to 150 nm in diameter and modulate the transport of multiple intracellular biological molecules including proteins,nucleic acids,lipids,and *** regulate a large number of cells and are involved in different pathological and physiological activities including carcinogenesis,viral infection,cell-cell communication and immune responses as *** cell-derived exosomes carry many benefits over simple stem cells in the form of easy access,freedom from tumourigenic capabilities,non-infusion toxicity,effortless preservation,and *** have almost the same properties and perform functions effectively in the same way as their parental cells do like adult stem cells and embryonic stem *** to their pluripotent or multipotent abilities,stem cells(SCs)transform into several types of *** addition to other secretions,SC also give exosomes,which in turn shows therapeutic significance for many disorders,including cancer,diabetes mellitus,skin allergies and regenerative *** originating from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have miRNAs,lipids,and proteins that trigger diabetes and cancer situations in *** from SCs(sc-exos)are preferred to SC as there are fewer side effects and other challenges,including effectiveness,drug delivery,lower immunogenicity and *** the current review,we summarize the data from the last 5 years'articles about exosomes and stem cell-derived microvesicles for the therapeutic potential of various diseases such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,diabetes,and Parkinson's disease with clinical challenges and future aspects.

关键词： Stem cells Exosomes Therapeutic Cancer Parkinson Diabetes

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Antibody Pattern: Correlation of Age and Gender in ANA and Anti-ds-DNA Prevalence

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 373-381页

作者： usama ahmed Hijazi Mallick Amber Khan Muhammad Zubair Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Dow International Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)KarachiPakistan Institute of Biological Sciences Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan

The study was designed to find the prevalence of ANA antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies in samples tested at AFIP Rawalpindi and their correlation with age and gender and to find positive and negative predictive values of ANA *** this purpose,twelve thousand nine hundred sixty-seven(12,967)patients were analyzed for ANA with four hundred sixty-eight(468)healthy samples tested as control and four thousand seven hundred three(4,703)patients tested for ds-DNA *** data of all samples tested by indirect immunofluorescence(IF)for ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies was *** address positive and negative predictive values another control group(autoimmunity not suspected)of serum samples was taken from the healthy *** the first group,age,gender,ANA antibodies and ds-DNA antibodies results(both tests performed by IIF)data was collected from a computer record cell;for the second control group,ANA antibodies were performed by IIF.12,967 and 4,703 samples(Group 1)were tested for ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies,respectively,during this period.1,119(9%)and 99(2%)were found positive for ANA antibodies and ds DNA *** these positive samples,850(76%)and 73(74%)were females *** predisposition towards autoimmunity(ANA)was found significant with a P value of(P=0.001).Relation of age was also found significant with anti-ANA antibodies with a P value of(P=0.001).This study shows a negative correlation between age(P=0.025)and gender(P=0.001)with anti-dsDNA which is also *** prevalence was found below the mean age of 38 years(SD±16.635)for ANA antibodies and the mean age of 35 years(SD±15.066)for ds-DNA *** age of ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies positive patients ranged from 1 year old to 98 years old and 2 years old to 95 years old *** the second(autoimmunity-free)control group,a total of 468 samples were tested for ANA antibodies and 9(2%)were found ***

关键词： ANA Anti ds-DNA Autoimmunity SLE Immune fluorescence

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Evaluating the Potential of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin for *** UTIs: A Susceptibility Study

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 351-358页

作者： usama ahmed Muhammad Zubair Baqaur Rehman Hafiz Muhammad Sultan Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Institute of Biological Sciences Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Crop Diseases Research Institute(CDRI) National Agricultural Research Centre NARCIslamabadPakistan

This study was designed to find the susceptibility of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin among urinary isolates of *** hundred(400)urine samples were collected for susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin among urinary isolates of *** indoor and outdoor patients'urinary samples yielded growth of ***-stream urine specimens were inoculated on blood agar and CLED agar and incubated at 35±2°*** was observed,and Escherichia coli was identified by Gram staining,Catalase,Motility test and API 20E(Bio murex)as per standard *** susceptibility testing of isolates for nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin was carried out by the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines ATCC *** was used as a quality control strain.A total of 400 samples were tested susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin among urinary isolates of *** during this period.A total of 400 samples yielded the growth of ***,out of which 178(44.5%)were male and 222(55.5%)were female *** males,18(10%)were tolerant to nitrofurantoin,and 2(1.1%)were tolerant to *** females,9(4.09%)were susceptible to nitrofurantoin while 6(2.72%)were susceptible to *** age groups below 45 years old,6(4.76%)were tolerant to nitrofurantoin,and 2(1.58%)were sensitive to *** 46-66 years old,4(2.81%)were sensitive to nitrofurantoin,and 3(2.11%)were sensitive to *** 67-90 years old,17(12.87%)were sensitive to nitrofurantoin,and 4(3.03%)were tolerant to *** and nitrofurantoin showed good susceptibility in urinary isolates of *** and can be used empirically in our setup.

关键词： E.coli Fosfomycin Nitrofurantoin Susceptibility Urinary isolates

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Advancing Cancer Stem Cell-Targeted Therapeutic Applications

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 32-45页

作者： Muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur Rehman Muhammad Zubair usama ahmed Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan 2Institute of Biological SciencesKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan 3Department of MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China

Cancer stem cells(CSCs),first identified in blood cancers,are increasingly recognized as significant biomarkers and targets in tumor therapy due to their metastatic potential and role in cancer *** research has demonstrated the dedication of scientists in targeting CSCs to explore novel therapeutic *** types of cancer exhibit metastasis,heterogeneity,and resistance to treatment,all of which are influenced by *** cells utilize various transcription factors and signaling pathways to carry out these *** identifying and understanding these pathways,new therapeutic breakthroughs can be ***,targeting cancer stem cells holds great potential and importance in cancer ***,CSCs offer promising avenues for treating otherwise incurable ***,targeting CSCs presents challenges such as immunological rejection and disease *** research into CSCs may reveal new insights in the fight against cancer and ultimately improve human *** review explores the roles of CSCs in cancer development and treatment,aiming to uncover new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Cancer Therapy

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Exploring Novel Therapeutic Breakthroughs for Cancers:Potential Roles of miRNAs

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 11-24页

作者： Muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur Rehman Muhammad Naeem Kiani usama ahmed Jawaria Farooq Areeb Anwar Usmani Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060PR China Department of Zoology The Government Sadiq College Women University BahawalpurPakistan Research Coordinator Department of SurgeryAga Khan University and Hospital KarachiPakistan

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNAs,19-25 nucleotides in length,that regulate gene *** are involved in various cellular,biological,and pathological activities,including the development and progression of malignant *** studies have highlighted the significant roles of miRNA deregulation in various cancer types,involving critical pathways such as gene deletions and amplifications,abnormal epigenetic changes,and dysfunctional miRNA regulatory *** can function both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in different *** cancer hallmarks are associated with deregulated miRNAs,including resistance to cell death,metastasis,sustained proliferative signaling,promotion of angiogenesis,and the suppression of growth *** research has demonstrated that miRNAs contribute to drug resistance in tumor cells by targeting genes linked to drug resistance or by influencing genes that regulate the cell cycle,apoptosis,and proliferation.A single miRNA often has tissue-specific regulatory functions and can affect multiple *** miRNA types have been identified as potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and critical targets for novel therapeutic *** review aims to explore the role of miRNAs in cancer progression,metastasis,and potential therapeutic interventions.

关键词： MicroRNAs Cancer Treatment

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Kiran Nandivada’s Stuck Blade in a Grinder Jar Degenerative Cascade by LSTV at L5-S1

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 12-21页

作者： Venkata Satya Kumar Kiran Nandivada Nadavinamani Shivanand Raghavendra Nandivada Nikhil Bharadwaja Moola Sohith Mahadeva Reddy ahmed usama Rizvi Nandivada Ortho Spine Surgeon & Rheumatologist Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Senior Orthopedic Surgeon & Rheumatologist Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates General Practitioner Visakhapatnam India Department of Medicine Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences Telangana India Department of Medicine Tbilisi State Medical University Tbilisi Georgia

Background: Mario Bertolotti, (1917) described LSTV-Lumbar spinal transitional vertebra as Bertolotti Syndrome a century ago and associated low back pain with it. Yet, it needs to be given significance in general orthopaedic practice even now, and radiologists underreport it. LSTV is a congenital anatomical anomaly that Castellvi classified into four varying types. Purpose: I titled this phenomenon “Kiran Nandivada’s stuck blade in a grinder jar degenerative cascade by LSTV at L5-S1” to clearly explain how an abnormal mega-transverse apophysis with its various variations affects the weight-bearing mechanics as the L5-S1 which is a vital junction where the maximum body weight is directed into both the sacroiliac joints and if a transitional vertebra occurs it becomes detrimental and abnormally redirects the load-bearing forces and leads to a progressive degenerative cascade both proximally and distally. As the L5 vertebral rotations and other movements of flexion, extensions, lateral flexion are stuck like a bent grinder blade, the other areas of the region are damaged progressively as the pelvis, just like the grinder motor tries to move it, resulting in overheating and maybe even a burnout results in the form of facet arthritis, disc degeneration in the normal disc above, the transitional disc at L5-S1, foraminal osteophytes causing radiculopathy, sacroiliac joint arthritis. Material and Methods: Around 200 X-rays of children and adults with this congenital anomaly have been studied between 2020 and 2023. This is a retrospective study. Results: 1) Our study showed an Increased incidence of LSTV at 15%. 2) Patients ranged from asymptomatic, atypical lumbago to classical lumbago with sciatica and claudication. Findings supported facet and sacroiliac joint arthritis and the pain, relieved with physiotherapy, posture corrections, weight reduction, and lifestyle precautions, negating the need for local steroid injections, radiofrequency ablation or surgical excision as

关键词： LSTV Bertolotti Syndrome Transitional Vertebra Facet Tropism Congenital Dysplasia

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Various Aetiologies of Non-Traumatic Coccydynia Cause Pain in the Posterior Sacrococcygeal Leg of the Pelvic Tripod: A Burden on the Healthcare Sector

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期14卷 334-353页

作者： Kumar Satya Nandivada Venkata Kiran Nadavinamani Shivanand Raghavendra Oommen Elsy Biju Bharadwaja Nikhil Nandivada Nandivada Vaishnavi Rizvi usama ahmed Krushi Orthopaedic Welfare Society Research Wing Visakhapatnam India

Introduction: Coccydynia, television disease, and coccygodynia are the different names given to this disabling disease, which can become chronic. It was described by Simson in 1859. Coccydynia means pain at the end of the vertebral column. Non-traumatic coccydynia is a diagnosis, which is never straightforward like traumatic coccydynia because the onset is unclear, and both the patient and the unaware clinician face many challenges in treating it on time and with accuracy. Coccyx was likened to a cuckoo bird’s beak as a curved bone of fused 3 to 5 vertebrae with remnant disc material in some rare cases, unfused segments, linear scoliosis or subluxations and deformities. Stress X-rays of the coccyx in the antero-posterior and lateral views in standing and sitting reveal the “Dynamic Instability” due to congenital coccygeal morphological, pathological and mechanical variations. Material and Methods: This is a complex study having retrograde data collected from online publications from various databases, like PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library and also antegrade data collected from 100 patients with their consent from patients in Adam and Eve Specialised Medical Centre-based at Abu Dhabi, UAE and data was processed in the research centre of Krushi Orthopaedic Welfare Society based in India between 2014-2024 following all guidelines of Helsinki and approved by the ethics board of Krushi Orthopaedic Welfare Society. Clinical Presentation: The coccyx is painful, with aches, spasms, and an inability to sit. This affects daily activities without any particular date of onset. The onset remains insidious for the non-traumatic variety of coccydynia. Aetiology and Patho Anatomy: Non-traumatic coccydynia can be caused by a myriad of reasons, like congenital morphological variations, acquired dynamic instabilities, and hidden trauma remaining quiescent to re-surface as a strain-induced pain. Radiological Presentations: Unless clarity is focused on these coccygeal views, the err

关键词： Coccydynia Coccygodynia Pelvic Floor Chordoma Pilonidal Sinus Fused Sacrococcygeal Segment Non-Traumatic Coccydynia Entrapment of Coccygeal Nerves Dural Syndrome

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Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis:Ileorectal vs ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13211-13218页

作者： Daniele Scoglio usama ahmed Ali Alessandro Fichera Department of Surgery University of Washington Medical Center Department of Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht

Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(IPAA) is the current gold standard in the surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC) refractory to medical management. A procedure of significant magnitude carries its own risks including anastomotic failure, pelvic sepsis and a low rate of neoplastic degeneration overtime. Recent studies have shown that total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis(IRA) has been associated with good long-term functional results in a selected group of UC patients amenable to undergo a strict surveillance for the relatively high risk of cancer in the rectum. This manuscript will review and compare the most recent literature on IRA and IPAA as it pertains to postoperative morbidity and mortality, failure rates, functional outcomes and cancer risk.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Ileorectal anastomosis Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis Retained rectum Neoplastic degeneration

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Kiran Nandivada’s Stuck Blade in a Grinder Jar Degenerative Cascade by LSTV at L5-S1

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Open Journal of Orthopedics（矫形学期刊） 2024年第1期

作者： Venkata Satya Kumar Kiran Nandivada Nadavinamani Shivanand Raghavendra Nandivada Nikhil Bharadwaja Moola Sohith Mahadeva Reddy ahmed usama Rizvi

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Various Aetiologies of Non-Traumatic Coccydynia Cause Pain in the Posterior Sacrococcygeal Leg of the Pelvic Tripod: A Burden on the Healthcare Sector

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Open Journal of Orthopedics（矫形学期刊） 2024年第7期 334页

作者： Kumar Satya Nandivada Venkata Kiran Nadavinamani Shivanand Raghavendra Oommen Elsy Biju Bharadwaja Nikhil Nandivada Nandivada Vaishnavi Rizvi usama ahmed

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