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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第15期58卷 1731-1736页

作者： ZHANG Peng ADAMS ursula YUAN ZengQiang State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Biological Sciences The University of Chicago

Alzheimer's disease(AD),the most common form of neuropsychiatric disorder,is characterized by neuronal degeneration and inexorably progressing dementia,especially in the elderly *** a rapidly aging population in both developed and developing countries,AD has emerged as one of the largest growing problems *** drugs improve the symptoms of AD,but do not have any profound intervention to delay its ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the genes tied to AD will be crucial to the development of therapeutic *** review will summarize the aetiology,pathology,and the evidence for the genetic components in AD,discuss the proposed amyloid cascade and the following tau hyperphosphorylation hypothesises,oxidative stress mediated neuronal cell death,as well as the function of Retromer complex during the developing of *** laboratory's current research progress and the challenges that still remained will be also highlighted.

关键词：神经退行性疾病阿尔茨海默氏症阿尔茨海默氏病 Complex 老年痴呆症神经细胞死亡淀粉样蛋白精神障碍

Land Parcel Land Use History as a Key to Site Selectionfor Documenting Soil Contamination Risk: a Case Study from Australian Suburbia

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2005年第4期8卷 257-261,275页

作者： YU Jie ursula Pietrzak Jim Peterson School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China 不详

In that orcharding in early to mid twentieth century southeastern Australia involved use of certain heavy metal and As compounds in regular pest control spray procedures, some interest attaches to the possibility that these landparcels are underlain by soils with above background Cu, Pb and As levels. Interpretation of Land cover changes allowed land parcels previously occupied by orchards to be identified in the 1950s through time series air photos. A comparison of soil analysis results referring to soil samples from control sites, and from land parcels formerly occupied by orchardists, shows that contamination (above background) levels of cations in the pesticides can be found in the top 6 cm of former orchard soils. It is clear that digital spatial data handling and culturally informed air photo interpretation has a place in soil contamination studies, land use planning (with particular reference to re development) and in administration of public health.

关键词：航空摄影数字图像土壤污染土地利用规划测绘遥感摄影测量

Exploring near-infrared absorbing nanocarriers to overcome cancer drug resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 302-333页

作者： Siwei Chu ursula Stochaj Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontreal H3G1Y6QuebecCanada.

One of the major obstacles of successful cancer therapy is cancer drug *** unique tools and applications developed by nanomedicine provide new approaches to surmount this common limitation of current treatment *** that absorb light in the near-infrared spectrum are particularly suitable for this *** nanocarriers can produce heat,release drugs or stimulate the production of physiologically relevant compounds when illuminated with near-infrared *** current review summarizes the causes contributing to cancer multidrug *** major types of nanocarriers that have been developed in recent years to overcome these hurdles are *** focus on nanoparticles that are responsive to near-infrared light and suitable to surmount cancer multidrug *** review concludes with the bottlenecks that currently restrict the use of nanocarriers in the clinic and an outlook on future directions.

关键词： Cancer drug resistance chemotherapy nanomedicine near-infrared light combination therapy photothermal therapy photodynamic therapy controlled drug release

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a subtropical coastal embayment(Moreton Bay, Australia)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 82-96页

作者： Ronald S.Musenze ursula Werner Alistair Grinham James Udy Zhiguo Yuan Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC) The University of Queensland Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering College of Engineering Design Arts and Technology Makerere University School of Civil Engineering The University of Queensland Healthy Waterways Ltd.

Surface water methane （CH4） and nitrous oxide （N20） concentrations and fluxes were investigated in two subtropical coastal embayments （Bramble Bay and Deception Bay, which are part of the greater Moreton Bay, Australia）. Measurements were done at 23 stations in seven campaigns covering different seasons during 2010-2012. Water-air fluxes were estimated using the Thin Boundary Layer approach with a combination of wind and currents-based models for the estimation of the gas transfer velocities. The two bays were strong sources of both CH4 and N2O with no significant differences in the degree of saturation of both gases between them during all measurement campaigns. Both CH4 and N2O concentrations had strong temporal but minimal spatial variability in both bays. During the seven seasons, CH4 varied between 500% and 4000% saturation while N2O varied between 128 and 255% in the two bays. Average seasonal CH4 fluxes for the two bays varied between 0.5 ± 0.2 and 6.0 ± 1.5 mg CH4/（m^***） while N20 varied between 0.4 ± 0.1 and 1.6 ± 0.6 mg N2O/（m^2-day）. Weighted emissions （t CO2-e） were 63%-90% N2O dominated implying that a reduction in N2O inputs and/or nitrogen availability in the bays may significantly reduce the bays＇ greenhouse gas （GHG） budget. Emissions data for tropical and subtropical systems is still scarce. This work found subtropical bays to be significant aquatic sources of both CH4 and N2O and puts the estimated fluxes into the global context with measurements done from other climatic regions.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions Subtropical aquatic systems Bay Methane Nitrous oxide Uncertainty

Association mapping for root system architecture traits under two nitrogen conditions in germplasm enhancement of maize doubled haploid lines

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The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 213-226页

作者： Langlang Ma Chunyan Qing ursula Frei Yaou Shen Thomas Lübberstedt Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmes 50010USA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Root system architecture(RSA)contributes to nitrogen(N)uptake and utilization in *** this study,a germplasm enhancement of maize double haploid population of 226 lines genotyped with 61,634 SNPs was used to investigate the genetic basis of RSA under two N levels using a genome-wide association study(GWAS).GLM+PCA,FarmCPU,and MLM models were utilized to balance false positives and false *** total,33 and 51 significant SNP-trait associations were detected under high and low N conditions,*** high N,SNP S9_2483543 was detected by all *** disequilibrium(LD)regions of some SNPs overlapped with the intervals of QTL for RSA and N response that were detected in previous *** particular,several known genes,Rtcs,Rtcl,Rtcl,and Ms44,were located in the LD regions of S1_9992325,S9_151726472,S9_154381179,and S4_197073985,*** the candidate genes identified by this study,GRMZM2G139811,GRMZM2G314898,GRMZM2G054050,GRMZM2G173682,GRMZM2G470914,GRMZM2G462325,GRMZM2G416184,and GRMZM2G064302 were involved in seedling,seed,and root system development or N metabolism in Arabidopsis or *** markers identified in this study can be used for marker-assisted selection of RSA traits to improve nitrogen use efficiency in maize breeding,and the candidate genes will contribute to further understanding of the genetic basis of RSA under diverse N conditions.

关键词： germplasm breeding seedling

In vitro Metabolomic Approaches to Investigating the Potential Biological Effects of Phenolic Compounds:An Update

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第4期15卷 236-245页

作者： ursula Catalan Laura Barrubes Rosa Maria Vails Rosa Soila Laura Rubio Functional Nutrition Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group(NFOC-Salut)Technological Center of Nutrition and Health(CTNS)lnstitut d'lnvestigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili(IISPV)Faculty of Medicine and ttealth SciencesUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReus 43201Spain Food Technology Department Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO CenterLleida 25198Spain

Dietary phenolic compounds （PCs） have been receiving intercst lor their presumcd roles ill disease prevention. However, there is a lack of studies on the underlying molecular mechanisnls. In this regard, in vitro metabolomic approaches are suitable for the investigation o1 the molecular changes in response to PC exposure. Up to date, the biological effects of PCs have only been cxalnined for PCs from rosemary （Rosmarinus officinalis）, olive oil, and reSVCl-atrol using cell-based mctabolomic approach, although transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies have also been conducted in the same in vi[ro cell experiment in some cases. Our integral analysis of the reviewed studies suggest that PCs may be involved not only in basic cellular processes or macro-and micro-nutrient meta- bolism, but also in specific metabolic pathways that have been thoroughly investigated. These modulated pathways could have a clinical impact on neurodegenerativc diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, the in vitro metabolomic approaches provide additional information of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease risk reduction of dietary PCs. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of PCs, more metabolomic cell-based studies are nccdcd and testing the physiological conjugated forms of PCs in these cell systems could be of special interest.

关键词： Cell-based Metabolomics Phenolic compounds Mechanism of action Disease prevention

Validity of studies suggesting preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer:A critical appraisal of randomized trials

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第1期12卷 113-123页

作者： Giulia Manzini ursula Klotz Doris Henne-Bruns Michael kremer Department of General and Visceral Surgery University of UlmUlm 89081Germany Department of General and Visceral Surgery Hospital of AarauAarau 5000Switzerland

BACKGROUND In 2015,Kidane published a Cochrane review and meta-analysis to summarise the impact of preoperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone on survival for resectable thoracic esophageal *** authors concluded that preoperative chemotherapy improved overall survival(OS).AIM The aim of this article was to assess the validity of the three most powerful studies included in the Cochrane review and the meta-analysis supporting the advantage of preoperative chemotherapy and to investigate the impact of an exclusion of these three studies on the result of the *** OS was selected as the endpoint of *** the ten included papers which analysed this endpoint,we identified the three publications with the highest weights influencing the final *** validity of these papers was analysed using the CONSORT checklist for randomized controlled *** performed a new meta-analysis without the three studies to assess their impact on the general result of the original *** The three analysed studies revealed several *** answers were found in up to one third of the items of the CONSORT *** information about sample-size calculation and power,unclear or inadequate randomisation,and missing blinded set-up were the most common *** the three criticized studies were excluded in the meta-analysis,preoperative chemotherapy showed no benefit in *** The three most powerful publications in the Cochrane review show substantial *** the exclusion of these studies from the meta-analysis,preoperative chemotherapy does not seem to result in an advantage in *** suggest a more critical appraisal regarding the validity of single studies.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Assessment of validity Meta-analysis CONSORT Overall survival

Sex differences in muscle health in simulated micro-and partial-gravity environments in rats

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 319-328页

作者： Megan E.Rosa-Caldwell Marie Mortreux Anna Wadhwa ursula B.Kaiser Dong-Min Sung Mary L.Bouxsein Seward B.Rutkove Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School330 Brookline AvenueBostonMA02215USA Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI02881USA Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and HypertensionBrigham and Womenʼs Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA

Skeletal muscle size and strength are important for overall health for ***,how male and female muscle may respond differently to micro-and partial-gravity environments is not fully *** purpose of this study was to determine how biological sex and sex steroid hormones influence the progression of muscle atrophy after long term exposure to micro and partial gravity environments in male and female *** and female Fisher rats(n=120)underwent either castration/ovariectomy or sham *** two weeks recovery,animals were divided into microgravity(0g),partial-gravity(40%of weight bearing,0.4g),or full weight bearing(1g)interventions for 28 *** of muscle size and strength were evaluated prior to and after *** 0g,females lost more dorsiflexion strength,plantar flexion strength,and other metrics of muscle size compared to males;castration/ovariectomy did not influence these ***,at 0.4g,females lost more dorsiflexion strength,plantar flexion strength,and other metrics of muscle strength compared to males;castration/ovariectomy did not influence these *** have greater musculoskeletal aberrations during exposure to both microgravity and partial-gravity environments;these differences are not dependent on the presence of sex steroid ***,additional interventions may be necessary to mitigate musculoskeletal loss in female astronauts to protect occupational and overall health.

关键词： Sex differences Atrophy Muscle strength Plantar flexion Dorsiflexion

Effects of Light Radiation Absoption on the Resistance of Sweet Potato Starch-Based Bioplastics

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 44-52页

作者： Aristide Herlyn Wilfrid Nakavoua Emmanuelle Surya Ouenadio Pascale ursula Nkoua-Ouassamo Vincent Verney Laboratory of Natural Substances Chemistry (IRSEN) Brazzaville Congo Laboratory for The Valorisation of Agri-Resources Ecole Normale Superieure Politechnique (ENSP) Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo UMR 6296 Team Design of Polymers and Macromolecules Scientist Set Cézeaux Institute of Chemistry of Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) Clermont-Ferrand French

The strength of starch-based bioplastics is a challenge, we tried to overcome this limitation by using electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. Synthetically obtained retrograde bioplastics were subjected to radiation from an Edison-type incandescent lamp. A cross-linked network is obtained within the bioplastic matrix considerably attenuating the usual hygroscopicity of starch and increasing the ability to resist rupture. After this positive behavior, the bioplastics were colored in order to optimize the action of light radiation. The results show a stronger and more compact bioplastic. The green-colored bioplastics show the best performance in the optimization of the resistance.

关键词： Bioplastics Starch Sweet Potato Radiation and Light Stress