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Interactive labelling of a multivariate dataset for supervised machine learning using linked visualisations,clustering,and active learning

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Visual Informatics 2019年第1期3卷 9-17页

作者： Mohammad Chegini Jürgen Bernard Philip Berger Alexei Sourin Keith Andrews tobias Schreck Graz University of Technology Austria School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore TU Darmstadt Germany University of Rostock Germany

Supervised machine learning techniques require labelled multivariate training *** approaches address the issue of unlabelled datasets by tightly coupling machine learning algorithms with interactive *** appropriate techniques,analysts can play an active role in a highly interactive and iterative machine learning process to label the dataset and create meaningful *** this principle has been implemented either for unsupervised,semi-supervised,or supervised machine learning tasks,the combination of all three methodologies remains *** this paper,a visual analytics approach is presented,combining a variety of machine learning capabilities with four linked visualisation views,all integrated within the mVis(multivariate Visualiser)*** available palette of techniques allows an analyst to perform exploratory data analysis on a multivariate dataset and divide it into meaningful labelled partitions,from which a classifier can be *** the workflow,the analyst can label interesting patterns or outliers in a semi-supervised process supported by active *** a dataset has been interactively labelled,the analyst can continue the workflow with supervised machine learning to assess to what degree the subsequent classifier has effectively learned the concepts expressed in the labelled training *** a novel technique called automatic dimension selection,interactions the analyst had with dimensions of the multivariate dataset are used to steer the machine learning algorithms.A real-world football dataset is used to show the utility of mVis for a series of analysis and labelling tasks,from initial labelling through iterations of data exploration,clustering,classification,and active learning to refine the named partitions,to finally producing a high-quality labelled training dataset suitable for training a *** tool empowers the analyst with interactive visualisations including scatterplots,parallel

关键词： Labelling Clustering Classification Active learning Multivariate data Visualisation

The Electromagnetic Particle—A Backward Engineering Approach to Matter in SI Units

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2020年第4期6卷 774-801页

作者： tobias Bartusch Bartusch Plasma and Vacuum Kissing Germany

This article describes the properties of the free elementary particles from an electromagnetic approach in SI units. The analysis is done from a backward engineering approach for the structural analysis. This also includes the origin of charge, which is modelled from a single photon and the pairing effect. Then the necessary implications for a stable particle including an explanation of the inner particle force and the quantization condition for the radius of the electron are handled. Furthermore, the properties of the myon, tauon, proton, neutron and black holes will be extrapolated and a possible reason for the mass oscillation of the Neutrino will be shown also. In addition, a possible explanation for the occurrence of matter free mass based on an EM-mass equation will be explained and will suggest an obviously resulting augmentation to the special relativity theory and finally the analytical approach of the theory is compared to the CODATA values and astronomic data for black holes.

关键词： Electromagnetic Dark Energy Dark Matter Oscillator Particle Structure Pairing Electron Mass Black Hole Magnetic Moment

An Uncertainty-aware Workflow for Keyhole Surgery Planning using Hierarchical Image Semantics

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Visual Informatics 2018年第1期2卷 26-36页

作者： Christina Gillmann Robin G.C.Maack tobias Post Thomas Wischgoll Hans Hagen University of Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 167663 Kaiserslautern Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn HwyDaytonOH

Keyhole surgeries become mcreasingly important in clinical daily routine as they help minimizing the damage of a patient's healthy *** planning of keyhole surgeries is based on medical imaging and an important factor that influences the surgeries**** to the image reconstruction process,medical image data contains uncertainty that exacerbates the planning of a keyhole *** this paper we present a visual workflow that helps clinicians to examine and compare different surgery paths as well as visualizing the patientsJ affected *** analysis is based on the concept of hierarchical image semantics,that segment the underlying image data with respect to the input images'uncertainty and the users understanding of tissue *** can define arbitrary surgery paths that they need to investigate *** defined paths can be queried by a rating function to identify paths that fulfill user-defined *** workflow allows a visual inspection of the affected tissues and its ***,the workflow includes a linked view system indicating the three-dimensional location of selected surgery paths as well as how these paths affect the patients *** show the effectiveness of the presented approach,we applied it to the planning of a keyhole surgery of a brain tumor removal and a kneecap surgery.

关键词： Wsual Analytics Workflow Uncertainty sualization Keyhole Surgery Planning

SARS-CoV-2 infection of monocytes:balancing acts of antibodies and inflammasomes

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 2668-2669页

作者： R.Camille Brewer William H.Robinson tobias V.Lanz Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Department of MedicineStanford University School of Medicine269 Campus DriveStanfordCA 94305USA Geriatric Research Educationand Clinical Centers(GRECC)VA Palo Alto Health Care System3801 Miranda AvePalo AltoCA 94304USA

In a recent study in Nature,Junqueira et *** evidence that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infects human monocytes and lung macrophages.1 The infection is antibody-mediated via Fc-receptors(FcγRs),and activates NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes,which in turn induce pyroptosis and halt viral *** monocytes secrete the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-18,which contribute to systemic inflammation and severe coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)(Fig.1).

关键词： NLRP3 monocytes infection

A shoe-box-sized 3D laser nanoprinter based on two-step absorption

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第2期5卷 115-122页

作者： tobias Messer Michael Hippe Jingya(Lilyn)Gao Martin Wegener Institute of Applied Physics(APH) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76128 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Nanotechnology(INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76128 KarlsruheGermany

State-of-the-art commercially available 3D laser micro-and nanoprinters using polymeric photoresists based on two-or multi-photon absorption rely on high-power pico-or femtosecond lasers,leading to fairly large and expensive ***,we have introduced photoresists based on two-step absorption instead of two-photon absorption,allowing for the use of small and inexpensive continuous-wave 405 nm wavelength GaN semiconductor laser diodes with light-output powers below 1 ***,using the identical photoresist system and similar laser diodes,we report on the design,construction,and characterization of a 3D laser nanoprinter that fits into a shoe *** shoe box contains all optical components,namely the mounted laser,the collimation-and beam-shaping optics,a miniature MEMS xy-scanner,a tube lens,the focusing microscope objective lens(NA=1.4,100×magnification),a piezo slip-stick z-stage,the sample holder,a camera monitoring system,LED sample illumination,as well as the miniaturized control electronics employing a *** present a gallery of example 3D structures printed with this *** achieve about 100 nm lateral spatial resolution and focus scan speeds of about 1 mm/***,our shoe-box-sized system can be made orders of magnitude less expensive than today’s commercial systems.

关键词： Two-step absorption Direct laser writing 3D laser nanoprinters Micro-electro-mechanical-systems scanner 3D nanostructures

A simple laboratory method for the generation of mixed brominated-chlorinated paraffin single chain mixtures

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第2期10卷 90-97页

作者： Walter Vetter Clara Hägele Karin Herrmann tobias Schulz Sina Schweizer University of Hohenheim Institute of Food Chemistry(170b)Garbenstr.2870599StuttgartGermany

Brominated-chlorinated paraffins(Br-CPs)are a comparably new compound class that features both Cl and Br atoms on one or several alkane *** to legal restrictions in the use of conventional chlorinated paraffins(CPs),Br-CPs have the potential to become emerging ***,their determination is hampered by the lack of suitable reference ***,we present a simple synthesis procedure with single chain alkanes that leads to Br-CPs with∼4–8 chlorine and 1 to 4 bromine substituents according to gas chromatography with electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry(GC/ECNI-MS).The single-chain Br-CP mixtures were obtained by the shared chlorination and bromination of eight single-chain alkanes(C10 to C17)at two reaction times,*** carbon content of the 16 single-chain Br-CP products,determined by elemental analysis(EA),ranged from 30.8 to 43.8%.The typical hump peak known from CPs was detected with GC with flame ionization detection(GC/FID),electron capture detection(GC/ECD)and GC/*** complexity indicated that low-resolution mass spectrometry is not sufficient for an adequate analysis of Br-CPs.A mathematical formula was developed which allows to calculate all possible combinations of Br and Cl that are in line with the carbon *** proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H NMR)spectra showed similarities to the ones of CPs with one chemical shift range for protons on nonhalogenated carbons and one for protons with one halogen on the same carbon.

关键词： NMR mixtures alkanes

Comparative analysis of ERCP,IDUS,EUS and CT in predicting malignant bile duct strictures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第30期20卷 10495-10503页

作者： Hauke S Heinzow Sara Kammerer Carina Rammes Johannes Wessling Dirk Domagk tobias Meister Department of Medicine B University of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Clinical Radiology University of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Radiology ClemenshospitalMünster University Teaching HospitalD-48153 MünsterGermany Department of Medicine Ⅱ HELIOS AlbertSchweitzer HospitalG?ttingen University Teaching HospitalD-37154 NortheimGermany

AIM: To compare endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP), intraductal ultrasound (IDUS), endosonography (EUS), endoscopic transpapillary forceps biopsies (ETP) and computed tomography (CT) with respect t... 详细信息

关键词： Intraductal ultrasound Intraductal ultrasound Bile duct strictures Endosonography Computed tomography Malignancy

Eliminating viscosity bias in lateral flow tests

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 195-204页

作者： Daniel M.Kainz Bastian J.Breiner Susanna M.Fruh tobias Hutzenlaub Roland Zengerle Nils Paust Laboratory for MEMS Applications IMTEK-Department of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Koehler-Allee 10379110 FreiburgGermany Hahn-Schickard Georges-Koehler-Allee 10379110 FreiburgGermany

Despite the widespread application of point-of-care lateral flow tests,the viscosity dependence of these assay results remains a significant ***,we employ centrifugal microfluidic flow control through the nitrocellulose membrane of the strip to eliminate the viscosity *** key feature is the balancing of the sample flow into the cassette of the lateral flow test with the air flow out of the cassette.A viscosity-indepen3ent flow rate of 3.01±0.18 min(±6%)is demonstrated for samples with viscosities ranging from 1.1 mPas to 24 mPas,a factor greater than *** a model human IgG lateral flow assay,signal-intensity shifts caused by varying the sample viscosity from 1.1 mPas to 23 mPas could be reduced by more than 84%.

关键词： viscosity flow eliminate

FEM-based modeling of microsphereenhanced interferometry

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2022年第4期3卷 73-85页

作者： tobias Pahl Lucie Hüser Sebastian Hagemeier Peter Lehmann Measurement Technology Group Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of KasselWilhelmshöher Allee 7134121 KasselGermany

To improve the lateral resolution in microscopic imaging,microspheres are placed close to the object’s surface in order to support the imaging process by optical near-field *** microsphere-assisted measurements are part of various recent studies,no generally accepted explanation for the effect of microspheres *** nanojets,enhancement of the numerical aperture,whispering-gallery modes and evanescent waves are usually named reasons in context with microspheres,though none of these effects is proven to be decisive for the resolution *** present a simulation model of the complete microscopic imaging process of microsphere-enhanced interference microscopy including a rigorous treatment of the light scattering process at the surface of the *** model consideres objective lenses of high numerical aperture providing 3D conical illumination and *** enhanced resolution and magnification by the microsphere is analyzed with respect to the numerical aperture of the objective ***,we give a criterion for the achievable resolution and demonstrate that a local enhancement of the numerical aperture is the most likely reason for the resolution enhancement.

关键词： Electromagnetic modeling Microsphere-assisted microscopy Interference microscopy Coherence scanning interferometry Simulation Finite element method