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Atomic-Scale Insights into Damage Mechanisms of GGr15 Bearing Steel Under Cyclic Shear Fatigue

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1265-1278页

作者： qiao-Sheng xia Dong-Peng Hua qing Zhou Ye-Ran shi xiang-Tao Deng Kai-Ju Lu Hai-feng Wang xiu-Bing Liang Zhao-Dong Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Defense Innovation Institute Academy of Military ScienceBeijing100071China

Alternating shear stress is a critical factor in the accumulation of damage during rolling contact fatigue,severely limiting the service life of ***,the specific mechanisms responsible for the cyclic shear fatigue damage in bearing steel have not been fully *** the mechanical response and microstructural evolution of a model GGr15 bearing steel under cyclic shear loading are investigated through the implementation of molecular dynamics *** samples undergo 30 cycles under three different loading conditions with strains of 6.2%,9.2%,and 12.2%,*** findings indicate that severe cyclic shear deformation results in early cyclic softening and significant accumulation of plastic damage in the bearing ***,samples subjected to higher strain-controlled loading exhibit higher plastic strain energy and shorter fatigue ***,strain localization is identified as the predominant damage mechanism in cyclic shear fatigue of the bearing steel,which accumulates and ultimately results in fatigue ***,simulation results also revealed the microstructural reasons for the strain localization(e.g.,BCC phase transformation into FCC and HCP phase),which well explained the formation of white etching *** study provides fresh atomic-scale insights into the mechanisms of cyclic shear fatigue damage in bearing steels.

关键词： Cyclic shear fatigue Molecular dynamic simulation Bearing steels Plastic damage accumulation

The energy response of LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals for GECAM

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 110-122页

作者： Pei-Yi feng xi-Lei Sun Zheng-Hua An Yong Deng Cheng-Er Wang huang Jiang Jun-Jie Li Da-Li Zhang xin-qiao Li Shao-Lin xiong Chao Zheng Ke Gong Sheng Yang xiao-Jing Liu Min Gao xiang-Yang Wen Ya-qing liu Yan-Bing Xu xiao-Yun Zhao Jia-Cong Liu Fan Zhang Hong Lu Particle and Astrophysics Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Experimental Physics Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Grirem Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.and General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China

The GECAM series of satellites utilizes LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals as sensitive materials for gamma-ray detectors(GRDs).To investigate the nonlinearity in the detection of low-energy gamma rays and address the errors in the calibration of the E-C relationship,comprehensive tests and comparative studies of the three aforementioned crystals were conducted using Compton electrons,radioactive sources,and mono-energetic *** nonlinearity test results of the Compton electrons and X-rays demonstrated substantial differences,with all three crystals presenting a higher nonlinearity for X/-rays than for Compton *** the LaBr_(3)(Ce)and LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)crystals having higher absolute light yields,they exhibited a noticeable nonlinear decrease in the light yield,especially at energies below 400 *** NaI(Tl)crystal demonstrated an"excess"light output in the 6-200 keV range,reaching a maximum"excess"of 9.2%at 30 keV in the X-ray testing and up to 15.5%at 14 keV during Compton electron testing,indicating a significant advantage in the detection of low-energy gamma ***,we explored the underlying causes of the observed nonlinearity in these *** study not only elucidates the detector responses of GECAM,but also initiates a comprehensive investigation of the nonlinearity of domestically produced lanthanum bromide and sodium iodide crystals.

关键词： LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)detector NaI(Tl)detector GECAM Energy response Light yield nonlinearity

In-flight Energy Calibration of the GECAM Gamma-ray Detectors

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 48-57页

作者： Rui qiao Dong-Ya Guo Wen-xi Peng Yan-Qiu Zhang Shuo xiao Shao-Lin xiong Chao Zheng Chao-Yang Li Jia-Cong Liu Wang-Chen Xue Jian-Jian He Zheng-Hua An Da-Li Zhang xin-qiao Li Li-Ming Song shi-Jie Zheng Ke Gong Ya-qing Liu xin-Ying Song xiao-Yun Zhao xiang-Yang Wen Yan-Bing Xu xiang Ma xiao-Bo Li Ping Wang Yue huang Ce Cai Qi-Bin Yi Yi Zhao Chen-Wei Wang Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China West Normal University Nanchong 637002China xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105China Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China

The Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)mission is designed to monitor the Gamma-Ray Bursts(GRBs)associated with gravitational waves and other high-energy transient *** mission consists of two microsatellites which are planned to operate at the opposite sides of the *** GECAM satellite could detect and localize GRBs in about 8 keV-5 MeV with its 25 Gamma-Ray Detectors(GRDs).In this work,we report the in-flight energy calibration of GRDs using the characteristic gamma-ray lines in the background spectra,and show their performance evolution during the commissioning ***,a preliminary cross-calibration of energy response with Fermi GBM data is also presented,validating the energy response of GRDs.

关键词： (stars:)gamma-ray burst:general instrumentation:detectors methods:data analysis

The only purple-flower species in Actaea *** pollinated by a hornet

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 181-196页

作者： Lin-feng Qiu Jiu-Dong Zhang Ying Li xiao-Ying Liu Dan-qing Zhang Long huang Ya-Peng Yang shi-Yu Wang Yue-Yi Li Zi-Wei Ma Jie Sui Lin Wang xiao-Fen Che xian-Hua Tian Yi Ren Jian-Qiang Zhang National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China College of Biological and Environmental Engineering Xi’an UniversityXi’an 710065China

Examining the pollination biology of plant species is not only crucial for enhancing our understanding of their reproductive biology,but also essential for elucidating their adaptation and evolutionary ***,we investigated the breeding system and pollination biology of two closely related species in *** flower of *** is unique in the genus with purple and chartaceous(paper-like)sepals,fewer stamens with yellow anthers and purple *** three seasons of field observation and exclusion experiments,we determined that *** was primarily pollinated by a hornet species,Vespa bicolor,which also served as the most efficient *** contrast,*** was primarily pollinated by large *** purpurea exhibited a significantly higher cumulative nectar volume than ***,which could be a crucial factor in attracting ***.A control experiment further demonstrated that removing the nectar leaf(petal)significantly decreased the visiting frequency of *** system studies revealed that both species were self-compatible,yet they primarily underwent outcrossing in natural *** study presents a compelling case of possible pollinator shift in *** accompanied by morphological divergence.A more in-depth investigation of this system would offer crucial insights into the extent to which pollinators are involved in the plant speciation process and whether they contribute to reproductive isolation between closely related species.

关键词： Actaea purpurea Actaea japonica breeding system pollinator shift speciation Vespa bicolor

云南亚热带地区主要林地类型土壤碳含量变化及影响因素研究

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林业科学研究 2024年第1期37卷 63-72页

作者：赵巧巧赵筱青黄佩普军伟周世杰冯严顾泽贤石小倩储博程云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院云南昆明650500 云南大学地球科学学院云南昆明650500 怒江州林业和草原局云南泸水673100 云南国土资源职业学院云南玉溪652500 云南风蓝项目投资咨询集团有限公司云南昆明650200

[目的]作为陆地生态系统最大的碳库,森林土壤有机碳变化对全球碳循环产生显著影响。通过探究不同林地类型森林土壤碳含量差异及其影响因素,以期为森林碳汇管理提供理论依据。[方法]以澜沧县桉树人工林、思茅松纯林和常绿阔叶林为研究对... 详细信息

[目的]作为陆地生态系统最大的碳库,森林土壤有机碳变化对全球碳循环产生显著影响。通过探究不同林地类型森林土壤碳含量差异及其影响因素,以期为森林碳汇管理提供理论依据。[方法]以澜沧县桉树人工林、思茅松纯林和常绿阔叶林为研究对象,运用单因素、Duncan方差分析和冗余分析法,探究3种林地类型在0~20 cm、20~40 cm及40~60 cm不同土层深度的土壤有机碳含量和密度、碳氮比(C/N)水平及垂直分布变化规律,并揭示其主要影响因素。[结果](1)0~60 cm土层,3种林地类型土壤有机碳含量差异显著。其变化范围为14.89~22.05 g·kg^(-1),高于全国森林土壤有机碳水平,以常绿阔叶林最高(22.05g·kg^(-1));有机碳密度处于3.42~4.12kg·m^(−2)之间,以常绿阔叶林最高(4.12kg·m^(−2));土壤C/N在12.99~13.82之间,以桉树人工林最高(13.82);(2)随着土层加深,3种林地类型土壤有机碳含量、有机碳密度和C/N均呈下降趋势,以常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳含量和密度下降趋势最明显;(3)3种林地类型有机碳含量和密度主要受土壤密度、有机质、全氮、水解性氮和全磷影响,环境和地形因子影响较小;土壤C/N主要影响因子为有机质、p H和坡向,环境因子对其影响较小。[结论]常绿阔叶林和桉树人工林土壤在碳汇方面具有优势,而思茅松纯林碳汇功能较弱。土壤碳含量变化受土壤理化指标影响较大,而受环境和地形因子影响较小。

关键词：云南桉树引种区林地类型土壤碳影响因素冗余分析

The In-Flight Realtime Trigger and Localization Software of GECAM

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 11-24页

作者： xiao-Yun Zhao Shao-Lin xiong xiang-Yang Wen xin-qiao Li Ce Cai Shuo xiao Qi Luo Wen-xi Peng Dong-Ya Guo Zheng-Hua An Ke Gong Jin-Yuan Liao Yan-Qiu Zhang Yue huang Lu Li xing Wen Fei Zhang Jing Duan Chen-Wei Wang Dong-Li shi Peng Zhang Qi-Bin Yi Chao-Yang Li Yan-Bing Xu xiao-Hua Liang Ya-qing Liu Da-Li Zhang xi-Lei Sun Fan Zhang Gang Chen Huan-Yu Wang Sheng Yang xiao-Jing Liu Min Gao Mao-Shun Li Jin-Zhou Wang xing Zhou Yi Zhao Wang-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong Liu xing-Bo Han Jin-Ling Qi Jia huang Ke-Ke Zhang Can Chen xiong-Tao Yang Dong-Jie Hou Yu-Sa Wang Rui qiao xiang Ma xiao-Bo Li Ping Wang xin-Ying Song Li-Ming Song shi-Jie Zheng Bing Li Hong-Mei Zhang Yue Zhu Wei Chen Jian-Jian He Zhen Zhang Jin Hou Hong-Jun Wang Yan-Chao Hao xiang-Yu Wang Zong-Yuan Yang Zhi-Long Wen Zhi Chang Yuan-Yuan Du Rui Gao xiao-Fei Lan Yan-Guo Li Gang Li Xu-Fang Li Fang-Jun Lu Hong Lu Bin Meng feng shi Hui Wang Hui-Zhen Wang Yu-Peng Xu Jia-Wei Yang Xue-Juan Yang Shuang-Nan Zhang Chao-Yue Zhang Cheng-Mo Zhang Zhi-Cheng Tang Cheng Cheng Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Key Laboratory of Stellar and Interstellar Physics and Department of Physics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Physics and Space Science College China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of CAS Shanghai 201203China Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun 130022China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesCASBeijing 100101China

Realtime trigger and localization of bursts are the key functions of GECAM,an all-sky gamma-ray monitor launched on 2020 December *** developed a multifunctional trigger and localization software operating in the CPU of the GECAM Electronic *** onboard software has the following features:high trigger efficiency for real celestial bursts with a suppression of false triggers caused by charged particle bursts and background fluctuation,dedicated localization algorithm optimized for both short and long bursts,and low time latency of the trigger information which is downlinked through the Global Short Message Communication service of the global BeiDou navigation *** paper provides a detailed description of the design and development of the trigger and localization software system for *** covers the general design,workflow,the main functions,and the algorithms used in the *** paper also includes on-ground trigger tests using simulated gamma-ray bursts generated by a dedicated X-ray tube,as well as an overview of the performance for real celestial bursts during its in-orbit operation.

关键词： telescopes instrumentation:detectors methods:observational

Searching for^(76)Ge neutrinoless double beta decay with the CDEX-1B experiment

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 11-22页

作者： Bing-Tao Zhang Jun-Zheng Wang Li-Tao Yang Qian Yue Ke-Jun Kang Yuan-Jing Li Hai-Peng An C.Greeshma Jian-Ping Chang Yun-Huan Chen Jian-Ping Cheng Wen-Han Dai Zhi Deng Chang-Hao Fang xin-Ping Geng Hui Gong Qiu-Ju Guo Xu-Yuan Guo Li He Sheng-Ming He Jin-Wei Hu Han-xiong huang Tu-Chen huang Hai-Tao Jia xi Jiang S.Karmakar Hao-Bin Li Jian-Min Li Jin Li Qian-Yun Li Ren-Ming-Jie Li Xue-Qian Li Yu-Lan Li Yi-Fan Liang Bin Liao Fong-Kay Lin shin-Ted Lin Jia-Xuan Liu Shu-Kui Liu Yan-Dong Liu Yu Liu Yuan-Yuan Liu Zhong-Zhi Liu Hao Ma Yu-Cai Mao Qi-Yuan Nie Jin-Hua Ning Hui Pan Ning-Chun Qi Jie Ren xi-Chao Ruan Ze She Manoj Kumar Singh Tian-xi Sun Chang-Jian Tang Wei-You Tang Yang Tian Guang-Fu Wang Li Wang qing Wang Yu-feng Wang Yun-xiang Wang Henry-Tsz-King Wong shi-Yong Wu Yu-Cheng Wu Hao-Yang xing Rui Xu Yin Xu Tao Xue Yu-Lu Yan Nan Yi Chun-Xu Yu Hai-Jun Yu Jian-feng Yue Ming Zeng Zhi Zeng feng-Shou Zhang Lei Zhang Zhen-Hua Zhang Zhen-Yu Zhang Kang-Kang Zhao Ming-Gang Zhao Ji-Fang Zhou Zu-Ying Zhou Jing-Jun Zhou Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(Ministry of Education)and Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipei 11529 NUCTECH Company Beijing 100084 YaLong River Hydropower Development Company Chengdu 610051 College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875 College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065 School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413 Sino-French Institute of Nuclear and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082 School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005 Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875

We operated a p-type point contact high purity germanium(PPCGe)detector(CDEX-1B,1.008 kg)in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory(CJPL)for 500.3 days to search for neutrinoless double beta(0νββ)decay of^(76)Ge.A total of 504.3 kg⋅day effective exposure data was *** anti-coincidence and the multi/single-site event(MSE/SSE)discrimination methods were used to suppress the background in the energy region of interest(ROI,1989–2089 keV for this work)with a factor of 23.A background level of 0.33 counts/(keV⋅kg⋅yr)was *** lower limit on the half life of^(76)Ge 0νββdecay was constrained as T_(1/2)^(0ν)>1.0×10^(23)yr(90%C.L.),corresponding to the upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass:<3.2–7.5 eV.

关键词： neutrinoless double beta decay CDEX point-contact germanium detector ^(76)Ge

枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽的重组表达及应用研究进展

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食品安全质量检测学报 2024年第14期15卷 105-114页

作者：闻诗歌李爽彭小锋杜兵耀黄现青乔明武海丹河南农业大学食品科学技术学院/河南省食品加工与流通安全控制工程技术研究中心/郑州市大豆深加工重点实验室郑州450002

为了解决对人类健康和粮食安全构成重大风险的抗生素耐药性威胁,开发新型抗菌药物势在必行。枯草芽孢杆菌所产的抗菌脂肽不易使细菌产生广泛的耐药性且无任何副作用,被认为是最具潜力的抗菌剂之一。但是,枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽生产成本... 详细信息

为了解决对人类健康和粮食安全构成重大风险的抗生素耐药性威胁,开发新型抗菌药物势在必行。枯草芽孢杆菌所产的抗菌脂肽不易使细菌产生广泛的耐药性且无任何副作用,被认为是最具潜力的抗菌剂之一。但是,枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽生产成本高和生产效率低的问题严重限制了其在食品、医药、环境等工农业领域的应用,因此提高抗菌脂肽产量显得尤为重要。近几十年来,随着生物技术的快速发展,利用基因工程和优化发酵策略来生产高产量的抗菌脂肽可以克服上述问题。本文从枯草芽孢杆菌所产脂肽的结构和功能特性出发,主要从高产抗菌脂肽技术、构效关系以及应用进行综述,特别是基因工程方法提高脂肽产量的研究进展,为枯草芽孢杆菌高产抗菌脂肽的进一步研究提供参考。

关键词：枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽重组表达

Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain infection in China:A national multicenter survey of 35,566 individuals

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 113-120页

作者： Meng-Fan Liu Rui-xia Ma xian-Bao Cao Hua Zhang Shui-Hong Zhou Wei-Hong Jiang Yan Jiang Jing-Wu Sun Qin-Tai Yang Xue-Zhong Li Ya-Nan Sun Li shi Min Wang xi-Cheng Song Fu-Quan Chen xiao-Shu Zhang Hong-Quan Wei Shao-qing Yu Dong-Dong Zhu Luo Ba Zhi-Wei Cao Xu-Ping xiao xin Wei Zhi-Hong Lin feng-Hong Chen Chun-Guang Shan Guang-Ke Wang Jing Ye Shen-Hong Qu Chang-qing Zhao Zhen-Lin Wang Hua-Bin Li feng Liu xiao-Bo Cui Sheng-Nan Ye Zheng Liu Yu Xu xiao Cai Wei huang Ru-xin Zhang Yu-Lin Zhao Guo-Dong Yu Guang-Gang shi Mei-Ping Lu Yang Shen Yu-Tong Zhao Jia-Hong Pei Shao-Bing xie Long-Gang Yu Ye-Hai Liu Shao-Wei Gu Yu-Cheng Yang Lei Cheng Jian-feng liu Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine BeijingChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First People's Hospital of YinchuanYinchuanChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First People's Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCHefeiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina Department of Otolaryngology The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Peking University People's HospitalBeijingChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalQingdao UniversityYantaiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention LanzhouChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Tongji Hospit

Objective:This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID-19 in ***:This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade-A hospitals in *** and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID-19 between December 28,2022,and February 21,*** collected information included basic demographics,medical history,smoking and drinking history,vaccination history,changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection,and other postinfection symptoms,as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory ***:Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 *** overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%.Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste *** received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such *** infection,the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51,respectively;after infection,they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the *** median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days,respectively,with 0.5%of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 *** overall self-reported improvement rate was 59.16%.Recovery was higher in males,never smokers,those who received two or three vaccine doses,and those that had never experienced dental health issues,or chronic accompanying ***:The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is high in *** and prognosis are influenced by several factors,including sex,SARS-CoV-2 vaccination,history of head-facial trauma,nasal and oral health status,smoking and drinking history,and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.

关键词： epidemiologic studies incidence olfactory disorders prognosis SARS-CoV-2 taste disorders