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Key points in surgical management of mandibular condylar fractures

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2020年第2期23卷 63-70页

作者： Shubhechha shakya Xiao Zhang Lei Liu State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Dept of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Mandibular condylar fractures are among the most common facial fractures and some of the most difficult to *** about the management of mandibular condylar fractures differ among *** the implementation of new technology,an increased understanding of fracture man-agement,and better functional and morphological outcomes reported in the literature,open reduction and internal fixation is becoming many surgeons preferred choice for the treatment of condylar *** surgical treatment of such fractures is complex,certain factors must be considered to achieve satisfactory *** this article,we summarise six key points in the management of mandibular condylar fractures:virtual evaluation of condylar fracture,a suitable surgical approach,good reduction,stable internal fixation,repair of the articular disc,and restoration of the mandibular arch *** believe that these points will help to improve the prognosis of mandibular condyle fractures.

关键词： Mandibular fractures Condylar fractures Template

Genetic variation in the chemokine receptor 5 gene and course of HIV infection;review on genetics and immunological aspect

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第4期8卷 475-483页

作者： M.K.Verma S.shakya Department of Biotechnology Acharya Nagarjuna UniversityNagarjuna NagarGunturAndhra Pradesh522510India Indian Institute of Technology Indore IndoreMadhya Pradesh453552India

Chemokines are small protein molecules associated with various physiological events precisely in immune modulation via dhemokine *** chemokine receptors are G-protein coupled receptors express mainly on the cell surface of immune ***-ruses,including HIV in the early stage of infection,primarily target chemokines receptors and get intemalized easily into immune cells;T cell and escape from immune *** glycoprotein selectively develops an affinity for the extracellular domain of chemokines recep-tors and allows the pathogen to intemalize via ***,CCR-5 remains a crucial signaling pathway that can be translated into the therapeutic target by changing the receptor protein *** populations have a mutation in coding and promoter regions of CCR-5,tun-ing a resistance for HIV ***,there are several mechanisms where the human genome remains in the dynamic state by changing its composition and acquiring ***-gle nucleotide polymorphism is spontaneous phenomenon responsible for precise and point mutation at the *** studies have demonstrated that European and African Amer-ican populations are enriched in significant CCR5 promoter SNP(CCR5432)in the coding and promoter region as ***,such SNP can be an early-stage biomarker in studying HIV and other similar ***,in this study,we have elucidated the role of SNP(both the pro-moter and coding region)and the fate of HIV *** also empathized with the genetics of such SNPs,mostly frequency and its immunological impact.

关键词： Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Chemokine and chemokine receptors Human immune deficiency viruses Single nucleotide polymorphism

Effects of seismic surge waves and implications for moraine-dammed lake outburst

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第3期10卷 570-577页

作者： Cui DU Lingkan YAO Yidan HUANG Jiahong YAN Subhashsagar shakya MOE Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Road and Railway Engineering Research Institute Sichuan Key Laboratory of Aseismic Engineering and Technology Chengdu 610031 China School of Civil Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 China

Moraine dams usually collapse due to over- topping by the surge wave in the dammed lake, and the surge wave is most likely caused by an earthquake. The seismic water wave （SWW） is a major factor causing the dam to break in the earthquake zone. This paper focused on the SWW by model experiments with a shaking water tank under conditions of various water depths, seismic waves, and peak ground accelerations. Two empirical equations were obtained for estimating maximal wave height for the low and high frequency, respectively. Finally, we present the application of the empirical equations on Midui Glacier Lake in Tibet plateau.

关键词： seismic water wave shaking water tankexperiment seismic wave moraine-dammed lake outburst

A study of commonly occurring fungal diseases on stored tomatoes of Kathmandu Valley

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Studies in Fungi 2021年第1期6卷 159-167页

作者： shakya B Aryal HP Natural History Museum Tribhuvan UniversitySwayambhuKathmanduNepal Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurNepal

Fungal pathogens destruct the quality and quantity of tomato production and cause health hazards to the consumers as well as economic loss to the *** study was carried out to identify some fungal diseases associated with post-harvest deterioration of stored tomato fruits in three vegetable markets of Lagankhel,Balkhu and Kalimati of Kathmandu *** samples were collected from selected sites in three separate trials and cultured in Potato Dextrose *** investigation,16 species belonging to 15 genera of fungi were *** were Alternaria alternata,***,Aspergillus niger,Botrytis cinerea,Cladosporium fulvum,Colletotrichum truncatum,Curvularia tetramera,Fusarium oxysporum,Geotrichum candidum,Mucor mucedo,Penicillium notatum,Phytophthora infestans,Phoma exigua,Pullularia pullulans,Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizopus *** were responsible for 15 different diseases of Alternaria fruit rot,Anthracnose,Black mold rot,Botrytis Bunch Rot,Damping off/fruit rot,Drechslera mold,Fusarium rot,Mucor rot,Penicillium rot,Phoma blight,Phytophthora rot,Rhizopus rot,Russet,Scab and Sour *** presence of these fungi and corresponding rot diseases on stored tomato indicate the need for management of fungi,farm sanitation and improved market in order to prevent field-to-storage transmission of pathogens.

关键词： Consumers Health hazards Pathogens Post-harvest diseases Traders

Genotype 4 reassortant Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine flu virus: An emerging public health challenge

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第3期14卷 97-98页

作者： Rina Tilak Sajal Bhattacharya shakya Sinha Department of Community Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePuneMaharashtraIndia Department of Zoology Asutosh College(University of Calcutta)KolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Zoology Dinabandhu Andrews College(University of Calcutta)KolkataWest BengalIndia

*** Influenza A viruses(IAV),an orthomyxovirus,is reportedly prevalent in a large number of avian species and mammals including humans,and poses immense public health challenge as a potential pandemic originator[1].It has been reported that IAV and Eurasian avian-like(EA)lineage influenza viruses have been co-circulating in pigs for nearly two decades in the Asian continent[2].

关键词： swine Eurasian H1N1

Impact of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction Presenting to a Tertiary Care Center of Nepal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第11期13卷 780-794页

作者： Abhishesh shakya Ratnamani Gajurel Chandramani Poudel Anish Baniya Ravi Sahi Department of Cardiology Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre (MCVTC) Institute of Medicine TUTH Kathmandu Nepal Department of Cardiology Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre Bansbari Nepal

Introduction: In comparison to anterior wall myocardial infarction, inferior wall myocardial infarction is generally regarded as a low risk event. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of right ventricular (RV) myocardial involvement in patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI). Methods: This is an observational study of 82 consecutive IWMI patients admitted and treated in Manmohan Cardiothoracic, Vascular and Transplant Center (MCVTC) from May 15 2018 to June 15 2019. The clinical characteristics, risk factors profile, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, including RV function and angiographic characteristics, complications and in-hospital deaths were analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients presenting with IMWI was 64.8 ± 13.8 years with predominance of male (67%). Right ventricular myocardial infarction was present in 34.1% of patient with RV dysfunction in 25.6% patients. Mean Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE), RV tricuspid annulus (S') and RV Fractional area change (FAC) in patients with RV dysfunction vs patients without RV dysfunction were 12.2 ± 3.3 mm vs 22.5 ± 3.5 mm (p < 0.001), 7.54 ± 0.91 cm/s vs. 12.79 ± 2.16 cm/s respectively (p Conclusion: In inferior wall myocardial infarction, RV involvement with RV dysfunction is an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality along with advanced age, complete atrioventricular block, higher Killip class, delayed hospital presentation, left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% and angiographic evidence of triple vessel disease.

关键词： Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction Right Ventricular Infarction Prognosis

Comparative Ligandomic Analysis of Human Lung Epithelial Cells Exposed to PM2.5

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期33卷 165-173页

作者： TIAN Hong Akhalesh shakya WANG Feng WU Wei Dong LI Wei School of Public Health Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003HenanChina Bascom Palmer Eye Institute Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Miami School of MedicineMiami 33136FloridaUSA Department of Genomic Medicine UT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston 77054TXUSA

Objective To investigate whether exposure to particulate matter of diameter equal to or less than 2.5μm(PM2.5)alters the response of lung epithelial cells to extrinsic regulation by globally profiling cell surface ligands and quantifying their binding *** Human A549 lung epithelial cells(LECs)were treated with or without *** profiling was applied to these cells for the global identification of LEC-binding ligands with simultaneous quantification of binding *** comparisons of the entire ligandome profiles systematically identified ligands with increased or decreased binding to PM2.5-treated *** We found 143 ligands with increased binding to PM2.5-treated LECs and 404 ligands with decreased *** other ligands showed no change in binding *** example,apolipoprotein E(ApoE),Notch2,and growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)represent ligands with increased,decreased,or unchanged binding activity,*** ApoE and Gas6 are phagocytosis ligands,suggesting that phagocytic receptors on LECs after stimulation with PM2.5 were differentially upregulated by *** These results suggest that the newly-developed ligandomics is a valuable approach to globally profile the response of LECs to PM2.5 in terms of regulating the expression of cell surface receptors,as quantified by ligand binding *** quantitative ligandome profiling will provide indepth understanding of the LEC molecular response on the cell surface to particulate matter air pollution.

关键词： PM2.5 Ligandomics Lung epithelial cell Comparative ligandomics Ligand

Performance of insulated FRP-strengthened concrete flexural members under fire conditions

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 177-193页

作者： Pratik P.BHATT Venkatesh K.R.KODUR Anuj M.shakya Tarek ALKHRDAJI Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA Structural Technologies A Structural Group Company ColumbiaMD 21046USA

This paper presents the results of fire resistance tests on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer(CFRP)strengthened concrete flexural members,i.e.,T-beams and *** strengthened members were protected with fire insulation and tested under the combined effects of thermal and structural *** variables considered in the tests include the applied load level,extent of strengthening,and thickness of the fire insulation applied to the beams and ***,a previously developed numerical model was validated against the data generated from the fire tests;subsequently,it was utilized to undertake a case *** from fire tests and numerical studies indicate that owing to the protection provided by the fire insulation,the insulated CFRP-strengthened beams and slabs can withstand four and three hours of standard fire exposure,respectively,under service load *** insulation layer impedes the temperature rise in the member;therefore,the CFRP-concrete composite action remains active for a longer duration and the steel reinforcement temperature remains below 400°C,which in turn enhances the capacity of the beams and slabs.

关键词： concrete beams concrete slabs carbon fiber-reinforced polymers fire resistance FRP strengthening repair retrofitting

Damming of Large River by Debris Flow: Dynamic Process and Particle Composition

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 634-643页

作者： DU Cui YAO Ling-kan shakya Subhashsagar LI Lun-gui SUN Xiao-dan School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University MOE Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Road and Railway Engineering Research Institute Sichuan Key Laboratory of Aseismic Engineering and Technology

The frequency and extent of debris flows have increased tremendously due to the extreme weather and the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008. Previous studies focused on the debris flow from gullies damming the mountain streams. In this paper, an equation for the run-out distance of debris flow in the main river is proposed based on the dynamic equation of debris flow at different slopes given by Takahashi. By undertaking field investigations and flume experiments, a new calculation method of the volume of debris flow damming large river is obtained. Using the percolation theory and the renormalization group theory it was deduced that the large particles should comprise more than 50% for forming a stable debris flow dam. Hence, the criteria of damming large river by debris flow is presented in terms of run-out distance and grain composition which was then validated through the event of damming river by debris flow at Gaojia gully, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, Sichuan, China, on July 3, 2011.

关键词：泥石流灾害筑坝颗粒组成河流动力学方程重整化群理论极端天气水槽实验