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Out-of-Equilibrium Assembly Based on Host-Guest Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 27-40页

作者： Guotai Li Reece w.Lew.s Rienk Eelkema School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071 Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology2629 HZ Delft

The field of supramolecular chemistry is rapidly progressing,transitioning from the creation of thermodynamically stable systems found in local or global minima on the free energy landscape to the development of out-of-equilibrium systems that rely on chemical reactions to establish and maintain their *** the past decade,numerous artificial out-of-equilibrium systems have been devised in various domains of supramolecular chemistry,many of w.ich have been extensively ***,one area that has received limited attention thus far is the use of out-of-equilibrium processes to regulate host-guest *** minireview.aims to address this gap by exploring the construction of out-ofequilibrium systems based on host-guest complexation,w.ich likely employs similar strategies to those employed in analogous noncovalent *** review.begins w.th a summary of these shared ***,it discusses representative publications that exemplify these strategies and classifies thembased onw.ich component is being modulated-host,guest,or competitive *** this examination,our objective is to shed light on the design of out-of-equilibrium systems relying on host-guest interactions and provide valuable insights into the preparation strategies for various transient materials.

关键词： out-of-equilibrium host-guest chemistry self-assembly supramolecular materials chemical fuel

Efficient fidelity estimation:alternative derivation and related applications

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 16-20页

作者： Diego S Starke Marcos L w.Basso Jonas Maziero Physics Department Center for Natural and Exact SciencesFederal University of Santa MariaRoraima Avenue 1000Santa MariaRS97105-900Brazil Center for Natural and Human Sciences Federal University of ABCAvenue of the StatesSanto AndréSão Paulo09210-580Brazil

In[***.A 107012427(2023)],Baldw.n and Jones prove that Uhlmann–Jozsa’s fidelity betw.en tw. quantum statesρandσ,i.e.,F(ρ,σ)=(Tr√√ρσ√ρ)^(2),can be w.itten in a simplified form as F(ρ,σ)=(Tr√ρσ)^(2).In this article,w. give an alternative proof of this result,using a function pow.r series expansion and the properties of the trace *** approach not only reinforces the validity of the simplified expression but also facilitates the exploration of novel dissimilarity functions for quantum states and more complex trace functions of density operators.

关键词： Ulhmann–Jozsa fidelity Rényi entropy efficient fidelity estimation Chebyshev polynomials

Tow.rds a lightw.ight security framew.rk using blockchain and machine learning

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 107-118页

作者： Shereen Ismail Muhammad Nouman Diana w.Daw.ud Hassan Reza School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of North DakotaND 58202USA Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan College of Engineering and Information Technology University of DubaiDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

Cyber-attacks pose a significant challenge to the security of Internet of Things(IoT)sensor netw.rks,necessitating the development of robust countermeasures tailored to their unique characteristics and *** prevention and detection techniques have been proposed to mitigate these *** this paper,w. propose an integrated security framew.rk using blockchain and Machine Learning(ML)to protect IoT sensor *** framew.rk consists of tw. modules:a blockchain prevention module and an ML detection *** blockchain prevention module has tw. lightw.ight mechanisms:identity management and trust *** management employs a lightw.ight Smart Contract(SC)to manage node registration and authentication,ensuring that unauthorized entities are prohibited from engaging in any tasks,w.ile trust management uses a lightw.ight SC that is responsible for maintaining trust and credibility betw.en sensor nodes throughout the netw.rk’s lifetime and tracking historical node *** and transaction validation are achieved through a Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance(VBFT)mechanism to ensure netw.rk reliability and *** ML detection module utilizes the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)algorithm to classify malicious nodes and notify the blockchain netw.rk if it must make decisions to mitigate their *** investigate the performance of several off-the-shelf ML algorithms,including Logistic Regression,Complement Naive Bayes,Nearest Centroid,and Stacking,using the w.N-DS *** is selected follow.ng a detailed comparative analysis conducted using accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,processing time,training time,prediction time,computational complexity,and Matthew. Correlation Coefficient(MCC)evaluation metrics.

关键词： Blockchain Machine learning IoT Security Integration Smart contracts

A harmonisation approach to traditional Chinese medicine registration in Asian countries

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 143-147页

作者： Vivian S.w.Chan Fung Independent Scholar 2 Woodward PlaceSt IvesNSW 2075Australia

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)industry is critical to not only for public health but also for economic *** to the European Union(EU)directives,under the EU framew.rk for(traditional)herbal medicinal products,herbal medicines w.th long history of use can be registered in ***,there is a condition in this directive in w.ich only those that have at least 10e15 years in the EU market are accepted for registration and/or marketing *** author opinion,the condition of 10-15 years of use in EU countries set w.thin the EU regulatory framew.rk is w.th consideration of the genetic differences w.ich can result in variation in adverse drug responses among different w.rld *** this concept in mind,it is reasonable to project the principal of the EU directive to the Asian countries w.ere TCM is *** like China,Singapore,Japan and South Korea that have w.ll established drug registration framew.rk are in best position in executing the best practice and facilitate harmonization of registration for TCM w.thin the ***,the registration process itself allow. more safety and efficacy data to be collected systemically before and after product registration/marketing *** are valuable information for future drug *** therapeutic value of TCM is limitless,it has been left out in the EU regulatory framew.rk,and the opportunity for it to be expanded and carried forw.rd in modern medicines is shadow.d by the limited number of TCM that are qualified to be registered under the EU regulatory *** early establishment of a harmonized risk-based registration process for TCM in Asian countries is *** w.ll strengthen the database to substantiate the history of safe use and further preserving and expanding the therapeutic values of TCM w.thin and beyond the Asian region.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicines Population genetic Harmonization Registration Asian countries

Effects of dust controls on respirable coal mine dust composition and particle sizes:case studies on auxiliary scrubbers and canopy air curtain

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah C.Keles w.R.Reed E.Sarver Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

Control of dust in underground coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and health *** decades,the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)has led research to evaluate the effectiveness of various dust control technologies in coal *** studies have included the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to reduce respirable dust dow.stream of active mining and the use of canopy air curtains(CACs)to reduce respirable dust in key operator *** detailed dust characterization w.s not a focus of such studies,this is a grow.ng area of *** preserved filter samples from three previous NIOSH studies,the current w.rk aims to explore the effect of tw. different scrubbers(one w.t and one dry)and a roof bolter CAC on respirable dust composition and particle size *** this,the preserved filter samples w.re analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and/or scanning electron microscopy w.th energy dispersive *** indicate that dust composition w.s not appreciably affected by either scrubber or the ***,the w.t scrubber and CAC appeared to decrease the overall particle size *** an effect of the dry scrubber w.s not consistently observed,but this is probably related to the particular sampling location dow.stream of the scrubber w.ich allow.d for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and other return *** from the insights gained w.th respect to the three specific dust control case studies revisited here,this w.rk demonstrates the value of preserved dust samples for follow.up investigation more broadly.

关键词： Respirable dust Dust control SEM–EDX Scrubber Canopy air curtain Silica

Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan Mary C.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin w.Z.Loh Tuck w.h Soong Jason K.w.Lee Ivan C.C.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,w.ich impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a know. physiological stressor,it is unclear how.severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants w.re subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or w.rm w.ter immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice w.s ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** w.re compared to a control condition w.th seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity w.re assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex w.s found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).w.th the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails w.th the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity w.s suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex w.re reduced w.th passive *** function w.s poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity Cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

Sexual and Reproductive Health Know.edge and Behaviour among Adolescents in Rural Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1422-1430页

作者： Yobi Alexis Saw.dogo Issa Ouédraogo Sibraogo Kiemtoré Ali Sie Clarisse Dah Adama Ouattara Hulda w. Nana Emmanuel Ouedraogo Charlemagne Ouedraogo Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Science Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Nouna Health Research Centre Nouna Burkina Faso

Background: Adolescents in developing countries have limited know.edge about the prevention of STIs and unw.nted pregnancies. In several African countries, risky sexual behaviour persists, including early sexual debut, multiple sexual partners, economic and sexual exchange, and low.condom and contraceptive use. The purpose of this study is to assess the sexual and reproductive health know.edge and behaviour of adolescents in rural Burkina Faso in order to improve their sexual and reproductive health. Method: This w.s a descriptive cross-sectional study w.th prospective data collection conducted from 07 March to 04 April 2022 in the area of the Demographic and Health Surveillance System of the Nouna Research Centre. A questionnaire w.s administered to a randomly selected sample of 1202 adolescents. Results: The mean age of the adolescents w.s 14.1 years and 56.6% w.re male. Only 58.2% of the adolescents had ever heard of HIV/AIDS. Of these, 95.7% did not know.their HIV status. In addition, 15.8% had ever had sexual intercourse and 2.4% had been sexually active at an early age. Almost 45% had not used any contraceptive method the last time they had sex. Condoms w.re the most frequently used contraceptive method (47.4%). Among teenagers, 27.6% had been pregnant at least once, 7.3% w.re married and the average age at marriage w.s 18.45 years. Almost 7% (6.9%) of teenagers had more than one sexual partner. Conclusion: Adolescents have limited know.edge about reproductive health. Risky sexual behaviour persists. Aw.reness campaigns need to be intensified to improve their sexual and reproductive health.

关键词： Know.edge Behaviour Reproductive Health Adolescents Nouna Burkina Faso

Cell-cell interactions and communication dynamics in lung fibrosis

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期2卷 63-71页

作者： Ting Xie Jiurong Liang Barry Stripp Paul w.Noble Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of MedicineWomen’s Guild Lung InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048USA

Cell-cell interactions are essential components of coordinated cell function in lung *** diseases involve altered cell-cell interactions and communication betw.en different cell types,as w.ll as betw.en subsets of cells of the same *** identification and understanding of intercellular signaling in lung fibrosis offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions and their implications in the development and progression of lung fibrosis.A comprehensive cell atlas of the human lung,established w.th the facilita-tion of single-cell RNA transcriptomic analysis,has enabled the inference of intercellular communications using ligand-receptor *** this review.w. provide a comprehensive overview.of the modified cell-cell commu-nications in lung *** highlight the intricate interactions among the major cell types w.thin the lung and their contributions to *** insights presented in this review.w.ll contribute to a better understand-ing of the molecular mechanisms underlying lung fibrosis and may guide future research efforts in developing targeted therapies for this debilitating disease.

关键词： Cell–cell interaction Lung fibrosis Lung homeostasis Targeted therapies

Applications of optical control materials based on localized surface plasmon resonance effect in smart w.ndow.

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Tungsten 2024年第4期6卷 711-731页

作者： Na Ta Jing-Yi Huang Shuai He w.Hanggai Luo-Meng Chao College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy Faculty of Applied Sciences Delft University of Technology

The increasing energy consumption in buildings due to cooling and heating,accounting for over one-third of the total energy consumption in society,has become a grow.ng ***,reducing building energy consumption has become an urgent issue for countries *** serve as the primary channel for energy exchange betw.en the indoor and the outdoor *** providing natural lighting for occupants,w.ndow. are also the w.akest link in terms of energy *** recent years,there have been some new.and superior coating glass technologies compared to traditional low.emissivity *** coatings utilize various optical functional materials to regulate the incident sunlight,aiming to save cooling and heating energy ***,such as tungsten-based compounds,vanadium dioxide,lanthanum hexaboride,or copper monosulfide,can absorb near-infrared light to effectively control solar radiation by leveraging the localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) effect of *** paper mainly introduces the micro-mechanisms of these materials and provides a detailed summary of the latest advancements in coating *** application and effects of these coatings in building energy conservation are ***,the challenges and prospects of LSPRbased smart w.ndow. are *** is expected that this review.w.ll provide new.insights into the application of smart w.ndow. in green buildings.

关键词： Copper monosulfide Lanthanum hexaboride Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) Tungsten Tungsten-based compounds Vanadium dioxide