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Spatial and temporal patterns of sarcoptic mange in wombats using the citizen science tool,WomSAT

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 387-399页

作者： Sujatha mAYADUNNAGE Hayley Jade STANNARD peter WEST Julie m.OLD School of Science Western Sydney UniversityHawkesburyNSWAustralia School of Agricultural Environmental and Veterinary SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia Department of Primary Industries Orange Agricultural InstituteOrangeNSWAustralia

There is currently limited information regarding the levels of infection and distribution of sarcoptic mange in the wombat population throughout *** analyzed cases of sarcoptic mange in bare-nosed wombats reported into WomSAT,a website and mobile phone application where citizen scientists can upload sightings of wombats,burrows,and sarcoptic mange *** used maxent software to predict locations and the environmental factors associated with sarcoptic mange occurrence in bare-nosed wombats.A total of 1379 sarcoptic mange-infected and 3043 non-sarcoptic mange-infected wombats were reported by 674 and 841 citizen scientists,*** all the wombats reported to WomSAT from 2015 to 2019,31.2%were infected with sarcoptic *** mange in bare-nosed wombats was reported in 502 suburbs across four *** South Wales had the highest number of sarcoptic mange cases reported to *** was no statistically significant seasonal variation of sarcoptic mange levels in bare-nosed *** model showed that Euclidean distance to urban areas was the highest contributing factor for sarcoptic mange *** distance to urban areas decreased,the suitability for sarcoptic mange *** precipitation was the next contributing factor in the model,with higher rainfall of 400–700 mm correlating to an increase in sarcoptic mange *** the data collected to date have provided the largest-scale contemporary distribution of sarcoptic mange in wombats,data should continue to be collected by citizen scientists as it is an easy and low-cost method of collecting data over large *** suggest targeting the identified hotspot areas and more site-specific studies for studying and mitigating sarcoptic mange in bare-nosed wombats.

关键词： bare-nosed wombats habitat suitability maxent modeling

Argo floats revealing bimodality of large-scale mid-depth circulation in the North Atlantic

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第2期27卷 1-10页

作者： CHU peter C IVANOV Leonid m mELNICHENKO Oleg V LI Rongfeng Department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School Monterey California USA International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii at Manoa Hawaii USA Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Analysis of Argo float trajectories at 1 000 m and temperature at 950 m in the North Atlantic between November 2003 and January 2005 demonstrates the existence of two different circulation modes with fast transition between them. Each mode has a pair of cyclonic - anticyclonic gyres. The difference is the location of the cyclonic gyre. The cyclonic gyre stretches from southeast to northwest in the first mode and from the southwest to the northeast in the second mode. The observed modes strongly affect the heat and salt transport in the North Atlantic. In particular, the second mode slows down the westward transport of the warm and saline water from the mediterranean Sea.

关键词： Argo trajectory data Atlantic Ocean biomodality mid-depth circulation optimal spectral decomposition

Association between dairy intake,lipids and vascular structure and function in diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第5期8卷 202-212页

作者： Kristina S petersen Jennifer B Keogh Natalie Lister Jacquelyn m Weir peter J meikle peter m Clifton School of Pharmacy and medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research University of South Australia Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute

AIm To determine lipid species that change in response to a change in dairy consumption. In addition, to investigate whether dairy associated lipid species are correlated with changes in measures of vascular structure and *** A 12-mo randomised controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of increased consumption of fruit, vegetables and dairy, compared to usual diet, on measures of vascular structure and function in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes(n = 108). Thispaper comprises post-hoc analyses investigating the relationship between dairy intake, serum lipid species and vascular health. Central and peripheral blood pressure, carotid femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, serum lipid species and dietary intake were measured at baseline and 3-mo. Common carotid artery intima media thickness was measured at baseline and *** Serum lipid species [lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC) 14:0, LPC 15:0, LPC 16:1, phosphatidylcholine(PC) 29:0 PC 30:0, PC 31:0 and cholesterol ester(CE) 14:0] were associated with the change in full fat dairy consumption(rho 0.19-0.25; P mo change in some lipids was positively associated with the 3-mo change in central systolic [LPC 14:0(rho 0.30; P = 0.007), PC 30:0(rho 0.28; P = 0.010)] and diastolic blood pressure [LPC 14:0(rho 0.32; P = 0.004), LPC 15:0(rho 0.23; P = 0.04), LPC 16:1(rho 0.23; P = 0.035), PC 29:0(rho 0.28; P = 0.01), PC 30:0(rho 0.36; P = 0.001), PC 31:0(rho 0.30; P = 0.007)] and 12-mo change in common carotid artery intimal medial thickness [CE 14:0(rho 0.22; P = 0.02)]. Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index were unrelated to dairy and lipid *** An increase in dairy associated lipids appears to be associated with an increase in blood pressure and common carotid intimal medial thickness.

关键词： Lipids Phospholipids Atherosclerosis Dairy Lysophosphatidylcholine Lipidomics Carotid intima media thickness Pulse wave velocity Diabetes

Improving estimates of waning immunity rates in stochastic SIRS models with a hierarchical framework

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Infectious Disease modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1127-1137页

作者： Punya Alahakoon James m.mcCaw peter GTaylor School of mathematics and Statistics The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia School of Population Health University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Kirby Institute University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia

As most disease causing pathogens require transmission from an infectious individual to a susceptible individual,continued persistence of the pathogen within the population requires the replenishment of susceptibles through births,immigration,or waning *** the introduction of an unknown infectious disease into a fully susceptible population where it is not known how long immunity is conferred once an individual recovers from ***,initially,the prevalence of disease increases(that is,the infection takes off),the number of infectives will usually decrease to a low level after the first major *** this post-outbreak period,the disease dynamics may be influenced by stochastic effects and there is a non-zero probability that the epidemic will die *** out in this period following the first major outbreak is known as an epidemic *** the disease does not die out,the susceptible population may be replenished by the waning of immunity,and a second wave may *** this study,we investigate if the rate of waning immunity(and other epidemiological parameters)can be reliably estimated from multiple outbreak data,in which some outbreaks display epidemic fade-out and others do *** generated synthetic outbreak data from independent simulations of stochastic SIRS models in multiple *** outbreaks faded-out and some did *** conducted Bayesian parameter estimation under two alternative approaches:independently on each outbreak and under a hierarchical *** conducting independent estimation,the waning immunity rate was poorly estimated and biased towards zero when an epidemic fade-out was ***,under a hierarchical approach,we obtained more accurate and precise posterior estimates for the rate of waning immunity and other epidemiological *** greatest improvement in estimates was obtained for those communities in which epidemic fade-out was observed.

关键词： estimates stochastic estimation

microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration： indications, techniques and outcomes

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 40-43页

作者： Aaron m Bernie Ranjith Ramasamy Doron S Stember peter J Stahl Weill Cornell medical College New York-Presbyterian Hospital New York NY 10021 USA Beth Israel medical Center of Albert Einstein College of medicine of YeshivaUniversity New York NY 10003 USA Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons New York-Presbyterian Hospital New York NY 10032 USA

microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration （mESA） refers to retrieval of sperm-containing fluid from optimal areas of the epididymis that are selected and sampled using high-power optical magnification provided by an operating microscope. Retrieved sperm are subsequently used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） to induce fertilization and pregnancy. mESA is considered by many experts to be the gold standard technique for sperm retrieval in men with obstructive azoospermia given its high yield of quality sperm, excellent reported fertilization and pregnancy rates, and low risk of complications. However, mESA must be performed in an operating room, requires microsurgical skills and is only useful for reproduction using ICSI. Herein we present an overview of the evaluation of candidate patients for mESA, the technical performance of the procedure and the outcomes that have been reported.

关键词： azoospermia ICSI infertility male mESA microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration microsurgery sperm retrieval

management of ejaculatory disorders in infertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 525-529页

作者： Yagil Barazani peter J Stahl Harris m Nagler Doron S Stember Beth Israel medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of medicine of Yeshiva University New YorkNew York 10003USA Department of Urology Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10003USA

Ejaculatory dysfunction is a highly prevalent clinical condition that may be classified along a continuum that ranges from premature ejaculation （PE）, through retarded or delayed ejaculation （DE）, to complete anejaculation （AE）. Retrograde ejaculation （RE） represents a distinct entity in which ejaculate is expelled either partially or completely into the bladder. While DE and PE are significant sources of sexual dissatisfaction among men and their partners, patients with these disorders retain normal fertility in most cases. Conversely, men with AE and RE are unable to deliver sperm into the female genital tract and are therefore rendered subfertile. Therefore, in reviewing ejaculatory disorders as they relate to fertility, this paper will primarily focus on the diagnosis and management of AE and RE. Physiology, diagnostic strategies, pharmacological treatments, and procedural interventions relevant to AE and RE are discussed.

关键词： anejaculation delayed ejaculation ejaculatory dysfunction electroejaculation penile vibratory stimulation prematureejaculation retrograde ejaculation

Control of Cell Wall Extensibility during Pollen Tube Growth

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molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 998-1017页

作者： peter K. Hepler Caleb m. Rounds Lawrence J. Winship Biology Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA School of Natural Science Hampshire College Amherst MA 01002 USA

In this review, we address the question of how the tip-growing pollen tube achieves its rapid rate of elongation while maintaining an intact cell wall. Although turgor is essential for growth to occur, the local expansion rate is controlled by local changes in the viscosity of the apical wall. We focus on several different structures and underly- ing processes that are thought to be major participants including exocytosis, the organization and activity of the actin cytoskeleton, calcium and proton physiology, and cellular energetics. We think that the actin cytoskeleton, in particular the apical cortical actin fringe, directs the flow of vesicles to the apical domain, where they fuse with the plasma mem- brane and contribute their contents to the expanding cell wall. While pH gradients, as generated by a proton-ATPase located on the plasma membrane along the side of the clear zone, may regulate rapid actin turnover and new polymeri- zation in the fringe, the tip-focused calcium gradient biases secretion towards the polar axis. The recent data showing that exocytosis of new wall material precedes and predicts the process of cell elongation provide support for the idea that the intussusception of newly secreted pectin contributes to decreases in apical wall viscosity and to cell expansion. Other prime factors will be the localization and activity of the enzyme pectin methyl-esterase, and the chelation of calcium by pectic acids. Finally, we acknowledge a role for reactive oxygen species in the control of wall viscosity.

关键词： cell expansion cell walls cytoskeleton dynamics polarity pollen development.

Symbol detection based on Voronoi surfaces with emphasis on superposition modulation

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Digital Communications and Networks 2017年第3期3卷 141-149页

作者： martin Damrath peter Adam Hoeher Gilbert J.m. Forkel Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Kiel Kaiserstr. 2 24143 Kiel Germany

A challenging task when applying high-order digital modulation schemes is the complexity of the detector. Particularly, the complexity of the optimal a posteriori probability （APP） detector increases exponentially with respect to the number of bits per data symbol. This statement is also true for the max-Log-APP detector, which is a common simplification of the APP detector. Thus it is important to design new detection algorithms which combine a sufficient performance with low complexity. In this contribution, a detection algorithm for two- dimensional digital modulation schemes which cannot be split-up into real and imaginary parts （like phase shift keying and phase-shifted snperposition modulation （PSm）） is proposed with emphasis on PSm with equal power allocation. This algorithm exploits the relationship between max-Log-APP detection and a Voronoi diagram to determine planar surfaces of the soft outputs over the entire range of detector input values. As opposed to state-of-the-art detectors based on Voronoi surfaces, a priori information is taken into account, enabling iterative processing. Since the algorithm achieves max-Log-APP performance, even in the presence of a priori information, this implies a great potential for complexity reduction compared to the classical APP detection.

关键词： Digital modulation Demodulation Detection algorithms Linear approximation

methods and approaches to disease mechanisms using systems kinomics

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第1期3卷 34-43页

作者： Alicia Berard Andrea Kroeker peter mcQueen Kevin m.Coombs Department of medical microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipegR3E 0J9Canada JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegCanada Canadian Food Inspection Agency WinnipegCanada

All cellular functions,ranging from regular cell maintenance and homeostasis,specialized functions specific to cellular types,or generating responses due to external stimulus,are mediated by proteins within the *** of these proteins allows the cell to alter its behavior under different circumstances.A major mechanism of protein regulation is utilizing protein kinases and phosphatases;enzymes that catalyze the transfer of phosphates between substrates[1].Proteins involved in phosphate signaling are well studied and include kinases and phosphatases that catalyze opposing reactions regulating both structure and function of the *** is the study of kinases,phosphatases and their targets,and has been used to study the functional changes in numerous diseases and infectious diseases with aims to delineate the cellular functions *** the phosphate signaling pathways changed by certain diseases or infections can lead to novel therapeutic ***,a daunting 518 putative protein kinase genes have been identified[2],indicating that this protein family is very large and *** which enzymes are specific to a particular disease can be a laborious *** this review,we will provide information on large-scale systems biology methodologies that allow global screening of the kinome to more efficiently identify which kinase pathways are pertinent for further study.

关键词： diseases homeostasis utilizing