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Leaf area increases with species richness in young experimental stands of subtropical trees

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 128-135页

作者： Siyi Peng Bernhard Schmid Josephine Haase pascal A.Niklaus Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZürichSwitzerland

Aims Most biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research has been carried out in grassland ecosystems,and little is known about whether forest ecosystems,in particular outside the temperate zone,respond ***,we tested whether productivity,assessed as leaf area index(LAI),increases with species richness in young experimental stands of subtropical trees,whether this response is similar for early-season leaf area(which is dominated by evergreens)and seasonal leaf area increase(which is dominated by deciduous species),and whether responses saturate at high species *** We used a planted tree biodiversity experiment in south-east China to test our *** was determined three times by digital hemispheric photography in 144 plots that had been planted with 400 trees each,forming communities with 1,2,4,8 or 16 tree *** Findings LAI increased significantly with tree species richness in the fifth year of stand ***,but weaker,statistically non-significant trends were observed 1 year *** did not observe leaf area overyielding and the presence of particularly productive and unproductive species explained large amounts of variation in leaf area,suggesting that selection-type effects contributed substantially to the biodiversity effects we found in this early phase of stand *** sizes were moderate to large and comparable in magnitude to the ones reported for grassland ***(and tropical)forests harbor substantial parts of global net primary production and are critical for the Earth’s carbon and hydrological cycle,and our results suggest that tree diversity critically supports these ecosystem services.

关键词： BEF-China digital hemispheric photography field biodiversity experiment overyielding subtropical forest

Research for Industrial Robot Control by PLC Technology

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Research for Industrial Robot Control by PLC Technology

作者： Djembissi Fogue pascal 杭州电子科技大学

学位级别：硕士

2 1世纪的亚洲是机器人技术的时代,尤其在中国。随着不断变化的工业环境和工业质量标准的提高,中国成为整个工业机器人市场中规模最大、发展最快的国家,机器人不仅在制造业,而且在其他服务和社会领域都有可预见的需求。本论文是基于杭... 详细信息

2 1世纪的亚洲是机器人技术的时代,尤其在中国。随着不断变化的工业环境和工业质量标准的提高,中国成为整个工业机器人市场中规模最大、发展最快的国家,机器人不仅在制造业,而且在其他服务和社会领域都有可预见的需求。本论文是基于杭州电子科技大学计算机学院研究基础上进行的,旨在了解机器人控制系统。可编程逻辑控制器是一种常见的工业控制设备,它接受输入设备的数据并控制相应的工业设备,本论文的主要目的是研究利用可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）进行机器人控制的控制系统（机器控制）。PLC有5种编程语言,但我们将重点关注在其中的两种语言中,结构化文本（ST）在语法上类似于pascal,而功能块（FB）是包含在单个程序中的预定义程序（或函数）,其可以在梯形图中使用。本文采用TwinCAT软件,这是一个完整的开发环境。TwinCAT为PLC程序员提供了一种简单但强大的编程环境,它集中了编辑和调试等功能。本文详细地详述了机器人技术,并深入解释了机器人的使用方式以及使用机器人的社会经济影响。本文讨论了一些短期过渡问题,包括潜在的发展问题,给出了机器人影响工业批量生产的途径。展示了机器人对经济增长和提高就业率的影响。在工业界,自动化是工业发展中最重要和最基本的元素之一。主要作用是提高效率和生产力。自动化领域涉及了大部分领域,主要是在工业制造方面,此外,自动化应用于优质材料的锻造,例如医疗材料（X射线,设备射线照相等）,冰箱,汽车等。在自动化应用的领域,机器人手臂是其中重要的组成部分。目前,在快速增长的人类需求和社会需求面前,控制技术也需要进行相应的发展。本文所做的关于机器人手臂方面的研究,将进一步推进工业控制技术的发展,使我们的生活变得更加容易和便捷。

关键词：机器人LINKHOU LR4-R560 PLC 控制器LINKHOU RC40 BECKHOFF TWINCAT

Isolated micropenis reveals partial androgen insensitivity syndrome confirmed by molecular analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 561-566页

作者： Amrit Bhangoo Francoise Paris pascal Philibert Francoise Audran Svetlana Ten Charles Sultan Pediatric Endocrinology Division of Maimonides Infants and Children＇s Hospital of Brooklyn Children＇s Hospital at SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11219 USA Endocrme Service Hopital Lapeyronie Central University Hospital of Montpellier 34295 Montpellier cedex 5 France

Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome （PAIS） is the milder variant of androgen receptor （AR） defects. The subtle effects of AR mutations present in a patient with micropenis, peno-scrotal hypospadias, infertility, clitoromegaly and posterior labial fusion. We studied the association of isolated micropenis with the genetic defects resulting in androgen resistance, that is, AR gene defects and 5-α reductase type 2 （SRD5A2） deficiency. We describe two cases of isolated micropenis： one in a 14-year-old boy and the other in a 3-year-old boy who was followed until he was 10 years old. There were no findings of hypospadias, cryptorchidism or gynecomastia in either of these patients. Serum gonadotrophin and androgen levels were obtained and karyotyping was done. Human chorionic gonadotropin （hCG） stimulation testing assessed the functional capacity of the testes. DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes, and all exons of the SRD5A2 and AR genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. In both patients, baseline testosterone （T） level was low and the values were elevated after hCG testing. The sequence of the SRD5A2 gene was normal in patient 1, and a heterozygous polymorphism, V89L, was found in patient 2. Two known mutations, P390S and A870V, were identified in patients 1 and 2, respectively. Mutations in the AR gene can be associated with isolated micropenis without other features of PAIS, such as hypospadias or gynecomastia. This underlines the importance of including AR gene analysis in the evaluation of isolated micropenis with normal plasma T to ensure proper management of the patient and appropriate genetic counseling for the family.

关键词： androgen receptor gynecomastia isolated micropenis male infertility

Effects of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) powder on laying performance,egg quality,and serum biochemical parameters of Japanese quails

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第4期5卷 410-415页

作者： Nassim Moula Ahmed Sadoudi Leghel Touazi pascal Leroy Fikremariam Geda Department of Animal Production Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and HealthFaculty of Veterinary MedicineLiege UniversityQuartier Vallee 2Liege B 4000Belgium Ecole Nationale Superieure Veterinaire Rue Issad AbbesOued SmarAlgiers 16000Algeria

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of stinging nettle powder(SNP) on laying performance,egg quality,and some selected serum biochemical parameters of *** hundred and forty-four 10-wk-old Japanese quails(initial body weight=199±18 g) were divided into 3 dietary treatment groups(basic diet without SNP [SNPO],SNPO with 3% SNP [SNP3],SNPO with 6% SNP [SNP6]) with 4 replicates of 12 quails for a rearing period of 12 *** 22 wk of age,the final body weights of the SNP3 and SNP6 groups were significantly(P=0.001) reduced compared to that of the SNPO *** feed intake was not statistically different among the *** mean number of eggs laid ranged from 65 to 69 with laying rates from 76.8% to 82.1%.The percentage of cracked eggs was not significantly different among the groups and ranged from 1.6% to 1.9%.The egg weight was similar and the feed conversion ratio was closer among the *** egg yolk cholesterol,serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels in the SNP6 group were significantly reduced(P <0.001) compared to those of the SNPO *** Ca,P and Mg were not significantly influenced by the *** conclusion,the results demonstrated that the supplementation of SNP to the quail diet at the level of 6%reduced quail egg yolk cholesterol,serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels and did not negatively influence quail performance.

关键词： Stinging nettle Japanese quail Performance Egg quality Serum parameters

Shallow water equations for power law and Bingham fluids Dedicated to the NSFC-CNRS Chinese-French summer institute on fluid mechanics in 2010

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第2期55卷 277-283页

作者： FERNANDEZ-NIETO Enrique D. NOBLE pascal VILA Jean-Paul Departamento de Matemdtica Aplicada I Universidad de Sevilla 41012 Sevilla Spain Universite de Lyon Universitd Lyon1 Institut Camille Jordan UMR CNRS 520843 blvd du 11 novembre 1918 F-69622 ViUeurbanne Cedex France Institut de Mathdmatiques de Toulouse UMR CNRS 5219 INSA de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France

In this note, we provide a consistant thin layer theory for power law and Bingham incompressible fluids flowing down an inclined plane under the effect of gravity. The derivation of such equations is based on formal asymptotic expansions of solutions of Cauchy momentum equations in the shallow water scaling and in the neighbourhood of steady solutions so that we can close the average equations on the fluid height h and the total discharge rate q.

关键词： shallow water equations asymptotic analysis non-Newtonian fluids

Orexins:A promising target to digestive cancers,inflammation,obesity and metabolism dysfunctions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第44期27卷 7582-7596页

作者： Alain Couvineau Thierry Voisin pascal Nicole Valerie Gratio Anne Blais INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center Team“From inflammation to cancer in digestive diseases”labeled by“la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer”University of ParisDHU UNITYParis 75018France UMR PNCA AgroParisTechINRAUniversitéParis-SaclayParis 75005France

Hypothalamic neuropeptides named hypocretin/orexins which were identified in 1998 regulate critical functions such as wakefulness in the central nervous *** past 20 years had revealed that orexins/receptors system was also present in the peripheral nervous system where they participated to the regulation of multiple functions including blood pressure regulation,intestinal motility,hormone secretion,lipolyze and reproduction *** to these peripheral functions,it was found that orexins and their receptors were involved in various diseases such as acute/chronic inflammation,metabolic syndrome and *** present review suggests that orexins or the orexin neural circuitry represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of multiple pathologies related to inflammation including intestinal bowel disease,multiple sclerosis and septic shock,obesity and digestive cancers.

关键词： Orexin Neuropeptide G-protein coupled receptor superfamily Inflammation Metabolic syndrome Cancer

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus-an opportunistic cancer in HIV-positive male homosexuals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第25期17卷 2987-2991页

作者： pascal Gervaz Alexandra Calmy Ymer Durmishi Abdelkarim S Allal Philippe Morel Department of Surgery Geneva University Hospital and Medical School Departments of Infectious Diseases Geneva University Hospital and Medical School Department of Radiation Oncology Hopital Cantonal de Fribourg

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus （SCCA） is a com- mon cancer in the human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）- infected population, and its incidence continues to in- crease in male homosexuals. Combined chemoradiation with mitomycin C and 5-fiuorouracil was poorly tolerated by severely immunocompromised patients in the early 1990s. In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART）, however, recent data indicate that：（1） most HIV patients with anal cancer can tolerate standard chemotherapy regimens; and （2） this approach is associ- ated with survival rates similar to those of HIV-negative patients. However, HIV-positive patients with SCCA are much younger, more likely to develop local tumor recur- rence, and ultimately die from anal cancer than immune competent patients. Taken together, these findings suggest that anal cancer is an often fatal neoplasia in mid- dle-aged HIV-positive male homosexuals. In this popula- tion, SCCA is an opportunistic disease resulting in patients with suboptimal immune function from persistent infection and prolonged exposition to oncogenic human papillomaviruses （HPVs）. Large-scale cancer-prevention strategies （routine anuscopy and anal papanicolaou test- ing） should be implemented in this population. In addi- tion, definitive eradication of oncogenic HPVs within the anogenital mucosa of high-risk individuals might require a proactive approach with repeated vaccination.

关键词： Anal cancer Chemoradiation Highly activeantiretroviral therapy Human immunodeficiency virus Human papillomaviruse Outcome

Probiotic yeasts: Anti-inflammatory potential of various non-pathogenic strains in experimental colitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第17期16卷 2134-2145页

作者： Benot Foligné Jo■lle Dewulf pascal Vandekerckove Georges Pignède Bruno Pot Institut Pasteur of Lille Lactic acid Bacteria & Mucosal ImmunityCenter for Infection and Immunity of Lille1 rue du Pr CalmetteBP 245F-59019 LilleFrance University of Lille Nord de France F-59000 LilleFrance Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8204F-59021 LilleFrance Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1019F-59019 LilleFrance Lesaffre International Direction of Research and Developpement147 rue Gabriel PériBP 602759700 Marcq-en-BaroeulFrance

AIM: To evaluate the in vitro immunomodulation capacity of various non-pathogenic yeast strains and to investigate the ability of some of these food grade yeasts to prevent experimental colitis in ***: In vitro immunomodulation was assessed by measuring cytokines [interleukin (IL)-12p70,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor and interferon γ] released by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 24 h stimulation with 6 live yeast strains (Saccharomyces ssp.) and with bacterial reference strains.A murine model of acute 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-colitis was next used to evaluate the distinct prophylactic protective capacities of three yeast strains compared with the performance of prednisolone ***: The six yeast strains all showed similar non-discriminating anti-inflammatory potential when tested on immunocompetent cells in vitro .However,although they exhibited similar colonization patterns in vivo ,some yeast strains showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in the TNBS-induced colitis model,whereas others had weaker or no preventive effect at all,as evidenced by colitis markers (body-weight loss,macroscopic and histological scores,myeloperoxidase activities and blood inflammatory markers).CONCLUSION: A careful selection of strains is required among the biodiversity of yeasts for specific clinical studies,including applications in inflammatory bowel disease and other therapeutic uses.

关键词： Yeast Probiotics Strain specificity Experimental colitis 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

On the origin of the high tensile strength and ductility of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel: Multiscale investigation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第6期41卷 209-218页

作者： Bassem Barkia pascal Aubry Paul Haghi-Ashtiani Thierry Auger Lionel Gosmain Frédéric Schuster Hicham Maskrot DEN-Service d’Etudes Analytiques et de Réactivitédes Surfaces CEAUniversitéParis-Saclay91191France Laboratoire de Mécanique des Sols Structures et MatériauxCentralesupélecUMR CNRS 8579UniversitéParis-Saclay92295France Arts et Métiers ParisTech PIMMUMR CNRS 800675013 ParisFrance CEA Cross-Cutting Program on Materials and Processes Skills 91191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We report that 316L austenitic stainless steel fabricated by direct laser deposition(DLD),an additive manufacturing(AM)process,have a higher yield strength than that of conventional 316L while keeping high *** interestingly,no clear anisotropy in tensile properties was observed between the building and the scanning direction of the 3D printed *** examination of the as-built parts shows a heterogeneous solidification cellular *** electron microscopy observations coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry(EDS)reveal the presence of chemical micro-segregation correlated with high dislocation density at cell boundaries as well as the in-situ formation of well-dispersed oxides and transition-metal-rich *** hierarchical heterogeneous microstructure in the AM parts induces excellent strength of the 316L stainless steel while the low staking fault energy of the as-built 316L promotes the occurrence of abundant deformation twinning,in the origin of the high ductility of the AM *** additional post-process treatments,the AM 316L proves that it can be used as a structural material or component for repair in mechanical construction.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Austenitic stainless steel Dislocation structure Twinning Mechanical behavior Anisotropy