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Two-stage corrective op.ration for the treatment of p.s cavovarus in p.tients with sp.na bifida

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第7期15卷 618-626页

作者： Anthony Mack p.dgett Ezan Kothari michael J Conklin Dep.rtment of Orthop.dics Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.edic Surgery University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery Children’s of AlabamaBirminghamAL 35233United States

BACKGROUND p.s cavovarus has an estimated incidence of 8%-17%in p.tients with sp.na bifida(SB).The majority of the current literature on surgical treatment of cavovarus feet in children and adolescents includes a variety of *** are currently no case series describing a treatment algorithm for deformity correction in this sp.cific p.tient *** authors of this study p.esent the results of a retrosp.ctive case series p.rformed to assess the radiograp.ic outcomes of two-stage corrective surgery in p.tients with *** Retrosp.ctive chart review was p.rformed on p.tients with SB with a diagnosis of p.s cavovarus at a freestanding children’s hosp.tal who underwent surgical correction of the *** were excluded for lack of two-stage corrective op.ration,nonambulatory status,lack of at least six months follow-up.and age>18 years at the time of *** resulted in a cohort of 19 *** analysis was p.rformed on 11 feet that had a comp.ete series of p.eop.rative and p.stop.rative weightbearing *** and p.stop.rative radiograp.ic outcome measurements were comp.red using a two-samp.e *** Significant changes between the p.eop.rative and p.stop.rative measurements were seen in Meary’s angle,the anterop.sterior talo-first metatarsal(Ap.TMT1)angle,and the talonavicular *** values of Meary’s angle were 17.9±13.1 p.eop.ratively and 4.7±10.3 p.stop.ratively(p.0.016).Mean Ap.TMT1 angle was 20.6±15.1 p.eop.ratively and 9.3±5.5 p.stop.ratively(p.0.011).Mean talonavicular coverage values were-10.3±9.6 p.eop.ratively and-3.8±10.1 p.stop.ratively(p.0.025).CONCLUSION The two-stage corrective p.ocedure demonstrated efficacy in correcting cavovarus deformity in p.tients with *** should strongly consider emp.oying the staged surgical algorithm p.esented in this manuscrip. for management of these p.tients.

关键词： Cavovarus Sp.na bifida Osteotomy p.antar release Radiograp.s p.diatrics

Stress granules: friend or foe in neurodegenerative disorders?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 403-404页

作者： Shanshan Xu Nico p.Dantuma Dep.rtment of Cell and Molecular Biology(CMB) Karolinska InstitutetSolnavägen 9S-17165 StockholmSweden

Neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,p.rkinson’s disease,and amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis,desp.te the diversity in clinical symp.oms,share a striking feature at the cellular level:the accumulation of insoluble aggregates of misfolded p.oteins that are sequestered in intraneuronal inclusion *** mutations in disease-associated p.oteins that render them aggregation-p.one,the decline of p.otein homeostasis(***)with aging is also believed to be a contributing factor to the accumulation of p.otein aggregates.

关键词： degenerative homeostasis clinical

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Unveiling the culp.it:the fusobacterium lineage that p.p.lates colorectal cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therap. 2024年第6期9卷 2349-2350页

作者： Johannes Betge Matthias p.Ebert Dep.rtment of Medicine Ⅱ Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany Junior Clinical Coop.ration Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and p.eclinical Models German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at University Medical Center MannheimGermany MMp. Microbiota Drug Metabolism and Cancer Therap. European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany

In a recent study p.blished in Nature,Zep.da-Rivera et al.1 discovered that one distinct clade of Fusobacterium nucleatum animalis(Fna)dominates the colorectal cancer(CRC)tumor *** work unravels a more p.ecise understanding of a major bacterial sp.cies associated with CRC p.ogression,thereby establishing a new focus for future studies,which may aid to develop.imp.oved microbiome-based diagnostics and treatments(Fig.1).

关键词： colorectal al. cancer

Effect of TiB_(2)Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical p.op.rties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 67-77页

作者： Xinxing Xiong Sijie Yu p.i Wang Junfang Qi Haichao Li Xulei Wang michael Ryan Debajyoti Bhaduri Rossitza Setchi Additive Manufacturing Institute Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Henan Key Laboratory of High p.rformance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Comp.sites Institute of Carbon Matrix CompositesHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou450046China High-Value Manufacturing Research Group School of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK

The research involves the addition of 5 vol.%TiB_(2)p.rticles into AA8009 alloy p.wder to synthesize TiB_(2)/AA8009 comp.site p.rts p.oduced via laser p.wder bed fusion(Lp.F).The addition of the TiB_(2)p.rticles causes the TiB_(2)/AA8009 comp.sites with and without annealing have lower comp.essive strength than AA8009 alloy due to the change of the strengthening *** results further indicated that solid solution strengthening was the main strengthening mechanism of the Lp.F AA8009 alloy at room temp.rature whereas Orowan strengthening became the p.imary strengthening factor after annealing at 673 *** contrast,Orowan strengthening always remained the main strengthening mechanism for the TiB_(2)/AA8009 comp.site,irresp.ctive of the annealing *** addition,after annealing of the Lp.F p.rts at 673 K,the comp.essive yield strength(CYS)of the unblended AA8009 alloy sp.cimens had a~2.5 times greater reduction(from 705±16 to 459±30 Mp.)comp.red to that of the comp.site TiB_(2)/AA8009 samp.es(from 466±23 to 368±3 Mp.).Therefore,TiB_(2)p.rticles can sup.ress the drop.in yield strength of Lp.F AA8009 alloy below 673 K,p.oviding a theoretical and exp.rimental basis for the ap.lications of both Lp.F AA8009 and TiB_(2)/AA8009 alloys at low and medium temp.ratures.

关键词： Laser p.wder bed fusion AA8009 alloy Microstructure Mechanical p.op.rties

p.oteins as nanomagnets and magnetorecep.ors

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 831-832页

作者： p.J.Hore Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of OxfordUK

It is an ap.ealing notion that a p.otein molecule could act as a nanomagnet.A genetically encodable biomolecule with a p.rmanent magnetic moment at room temp.rature could have a range of ap.lications:a magnetogenetic actuator,a magnetic tag for p.rifying and immobilizing enzymes,a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging,and a basis for a biomimetic magnetic sensing device,to name just a few.A magnetic p.otein could p.rhap. also function as the sensor in the magnetic comp.ss that enables small songbirds to navigate the huge distances between their breeding and wintering *** though such p.ssibilities may be,how realistic are they?

关键词： magnetic magnets enable

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Exp.rimental investigation of radiative heat p.op.gation in a simp.ified generic p.cked bed

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p.rticuology 2024年第5期88卷 149-160页

作者： Matthias Tyslik Lukas p.rtner Siegmar Wirtz Martin Schiemann Institute of Energy p.ant Technology Ruhr-University Bochum44780 BochumGermany

A novel test rig for the investigation of radiative heat transfer in p.cked beds has been develop.d and is introduced with rep.esentative exp.rimental *** individual comp.nents and the calibration are *** generic p.cked bed is realized in a simp.ified way by an arrangement of p.rallel rods,which rep.esent p.rticles in *** this arrangement,electrically heated rods p.ovide the radiation p.op.gating through the rod array to heat the p.ssive counterp.rts.A sop.isticated temp.rature-control scheme with a large number of thermocoup.es and infrared-imaging p.ovides in-dep.h information about heat transfer in the *** radiation intensities are determined with a Fourier-transform infrared sp.ctroscop.,which has been modified and validated for this sp.cific *** order to comp.re the influence of different surface p.op.rties of p.rticles on the heat p.op.gation and surface reflections,rod samp.es made of stainless steel and magnesium oxide are *** influence of material p.op.rties becomes clearly visible by comp.ring the high radiation intensities resulting from a stainless steel rod array to the same geometry built from magnesium oxide *** addition,the influence of the surface p.op.rties is p.rticularly evident in the infrared images since the reflections are significantly higher for the stainless steel samp.es than for the magnesium oxide *** exp.rimental results in the current work demonstrate the ability of the test rig to p.ovide data with a well-defined accuracy as a validation base for numerical radiation simulations in p.cked beds.

关键词： Thermal radiation Sp.ctral reflections Fourier-transform infrared sp.ctroscop.

The great catastrop.e: causes of the p.rmo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： p.ul B.Wignall David p.G.Bond School of Earth & Environment University of Leeds School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during the p.rmo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever exp.rienced. All group. were badly affected, esp.cially amongst the benthos(e.g. brachiop.ds, corals, bryozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). p.anktonic p.p.lations underwent a fundamental change with eukaryotic algae being rep.aced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, green-sulp.ur bacteria, sulp.ate-reducing bacteria and p.asinop.ytes. Detailed studies of boundary sections, esp.cially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling the p.rmo-Triassic boundary. Many of the losses occur at the beginning and end of this interval p.inting a p.cture of a two-p.ase extinction. Imp.oved knowledge of the extinction has been sup.orted by numerous geochemical studies that allow diverse p.op.sed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A transition from oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections globally, although the intensity and timing shows regional variability. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rap.dly rising temp.ratures and many extinction scenarios attribute the losses to both anoxia and high *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting sup.ort from geochemical p.oxies and, even less likely, siltation(burial under a massive influx of terrigenous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrop.ic changes at the end of the p.rmian was likely Siberian Trap.erup.ions and their associated carbon dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter ep.sodes stemming from Siberian volcanism have also been linked to the crisis, but the short-term nature of these ep.sodes(p.d warming during the crisis makes this an unlikely cause. Finally, whilst the extinction is well studied in equatorial latitudes, a different history is found in northern Boreal latitudes

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation p.oductivity collap.e volcanic winter

Non-p.rticip.tion of asymp.omatic candidates in screening p.otocols reduces early diagnosis and worsens p.ognosis of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3198-3200页

作者： Sergio p.rez-Holanda Office of Regional Viceministry of Health Regional Viceministry of HealthOviedo 33005AsturiasSpain

The Agatsuma et al’s study shows that desp.te the evidence of the benefits of an early colorectal cancer(CRC)diagnosis,through screening in asymp.omatic subjects,up.to 50%of candidates reject this op.ion and many of those affected are diagnosed later,in advanced *** efficacy of screening p.ograms has been well-established for several years,which reduces the risk of CRC morbidity and mortality,without taking into account the test used for screening,or other ***,a significant p.op.rtion of p.tients remain unscreened,so understanding the factors involved,as well as the barriers of the p.p.lation to adherence is the first step.to p.ssibly modify the p.rticip.tion *** barriers could include a full range of social and p.litical asp.cts,esp.cially the typ. of financial p.ovision of each health *** Jap.n,health services are universal,and this advantageous situation makes it easier for citizens to access to these services,contributing to the detection of various diseases,including ***,the symp.omatic CRC group.had a lower early-stage diagnosis rate than the p.tients detected during follow-up.for other comorbidities,and symp.omatic and cancer screening group. showed similar early-stage diagnosis.

关键词： Colorectal neop.asms Cancer registry Diagnostic route Cancer screening Stage at diagnosis

Constraining the variable generalized Chap.ygin gas model in matter creation cosmology

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Communications in Theoretical p.ysics 2024年第10期76卷 121-136页

作者： Yogesh Bhardwaj C p.Singh Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Mathematics Delhi Technological University

We exp.ore the variable generalized Chap.ygin gas（VGCG） model in the theory of matter creation cosmology within the framework of a sp.tially homogeneous and isotrop.c flat Friedmann—Lemai tre—Robertson—Walker sp.ce-time. Matter creation cosmology is based on reinterp.etation of the energy–momentum tensor in Einstein's field equations. This creation corresp.nds to an irreversible energy flow from the gravitational field to the created matter constituents. The variable Chap.ygin gas（VCG） is also studied as a p.rticular solution. We use the Markov chain Monte Carlo method to constrain the free p.rameters of three models, namely,Lambda-Cold-Dark matter（ΛCDM）, VGCG and VCG models with and without matter creation from the latest observational data from baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic chronometer, typ. Ia sup.rnovae（p.ntheon） including gamma-ray bursts, quasars and the local measurement of H0from R21 data. Two different combinations of dataset p.ovide a fairly tight constraint on the p.rameters of the ΛCDM, VGCG and VCG models. The p.esent values of various cosmological p.rameters are obtained, which are very close to the ΛCDM model. Furthermore, we p.rform stability analysis, Bayesian evidence analysis and information criteria analysis for these models through studying the sound sp.ed, Bayes factor, and Akaike information criteria（AIC） and Bayesian information criteria（BIC） selection criteria. The values of sound sp.ed for VGCG and VCG models shows that both the models are stable. According to AIC, it is observed that VGCG and VCG models with matter creation are sup.orted considerably less by current observations,while BIC shows that these models are not favoured by observational data.

关键词： Chap.ygin gas model cosmological model dark energy matter creation