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The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 155-187页

作者： michael yu Kevin Qin Jiaming Fan Guozhi Zhao Piao Zhao Wei Zeng Connie Chen Annie Wang Yonghui Wang jiamin Zhong Yi Zhu William Wagstaff Rex C.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin Ho michael J.Lee Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-Chuan He School of Medicine Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China

The evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a central role in develop-ment and adult tissue homeostasis across species.Wnt proteins are secreted,lipid-modified signaling molecules that activate the canonical(β-catenin dependent)and non-canonical(β-catenin independent)Wnt signaling pathways.Cellular behaviors such as proliferation,differ-entiation,maturation,and proper body-axis specification are carried out by the canonical pathway,which is the best characterized of the known Wnt signaling paths.Wnt signaling has emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is known to affect the self-renewal of stem cells in various tissues.This includes but is not limited to embryonic,hematopoietic,mesenchymal,gut,neural,and epidermal stem cells.Wnt signaling has also been implicated in tumor cells that exhibit stem cell-like properties.Wnt signaling is crucial for bone formation and presents a potential target for the development of therapeutics for bone disorders.Not surprisingly,aberrant Wnt signaling is also associated with a wide variety of diseases,including cancer.Mutations of Wnt pathway members in cancer can lead to unchecked cell proliferation,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and metastasis.Altogether,advances in the understand-ing of dysregulated Wnt signaling in disease have paved the way for the development of novel therapeutics that target components of the Wnt pathway.Beginning with a brief overview of the mechanisms of canonical and non-canonical Wnt,this review aims to summarize the cur-rent knowledge of Wnt signaling in stem cells,aberrations to the Wnt pathway associated with diseases,and novel therapeutics targeting the Wnt pathway in preclinical and clinical studies.

关键词： β-Catenin Cancer Canonical Wnt Disease Non-canonical Wnt Stem cells Targeted therapy Wnt signaling

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Canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 103-134页

作者： Kevin Qin michael yu Jiaming Fan Hongwei Wang Piao Zhao Guozhi Zhaoo Wei Zeng Connie Chen Yonghui Wang Annie Wang Zander Schwartz Jeffrey Hong Lily Song William Wagstaff Rex C.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin H.Ho Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-Chuan He Lewis L.Shi Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Interventional Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China School of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation.The Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either throughβ-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the nonca-nonical pathway.Many of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body,establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling pathways.This crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ processes.Dys-regulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems,including cancer and embryological defects,and can even cause embryonic lethality.The complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic treatments.However,both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be addressed.This review synthesized much of the current knowl-edge on the Wnt signaling pathway,beginning with the history of Wnt signaling.It thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling,including canonical,noncanonical Wnt/PCP,and the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+pathway.Further description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular processes.Finally,this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.

关键词： β-catenin Canonical Wnt Noncanonical Wnt Signal transduction Signaling crosstalk

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统一通信:在经济波动时期推进商业价值

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通讯世界 2009年第11期15卷 33-34页

作者： michael yu 惠普亚太及日本地区网络通信技术解决方案部

当前,经济不稳定的局面促使企业重新考量它们的成本以及在IT、语音系统方面的投入。2009年本地区的技术投入增长放缓。据IDC预测,亚太地区（包括日本）在IT方面的支出增长率将从9．5％降至5．8％。很自然地，企业的CEO在关注能够迅速带... 详细信息

当前,经济不稳定的局面促使企业重新考量它们的成本以及在IT、语音系统方面的投入。2009年本地区的技术投入增长放缓。据IDC预测,亚太地区（包括日本）在IT方面的支出增长率将从9．5％降至5．8％。很自然地，企业的CEO在关注能够迅速带来投资回报率的重点技术项目的同时，也愈发感受到来源于精简公司运营、削减成本，从而为公司未来增长做好准备的巨大压力。然而，企业在缩减成本时却常常忽略对语音系统的充分利用，结果，

关键词：经济波动商业价值统一通信语音系统投资回报率技术投入亚太地区技术项目

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From seawater to hydrogen via direct photocatalytic vapor splitting: A review on device design and system integration

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 291-307页

作者： Hongxia LI Khaja WAHAB AHMED Mohamed A.ABDELSALAM michael FOWLER Xiao-yu WU Technology Innovation Institute Masdar CityAbu Dhabi 9639United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

Solar-driven hydrogen production from seawater attracts great interest for its emerging role in decarbonizing global energy consumption. Given the complexity of natural seawater content, photocatalytic vapor splitting offers a low-cost and safe solution, but with a very low solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency. With a focus on cutting-edge photothermal–photocatalytic device design and system integration, the recent research advances on vapor splitting from seawater, as well as industrial implementations in the past decades were reviewed. In addition, the design strategies of the key processes were reviewed, including vapor temperature and pressure control during solar thermal vapor generation from seawater, capillary-fed vaporization with salt repellent, and direct photocatalytic vapor splitting for hydrogen production. Moreover, the existing laboratory-scale and industrial-scale systems, and the integration principles and remaining challenges in the future seawater-to-hydrogen technology were discussed.

关键词： seawater hydrogen photocatalytic vapor splitting solar-driven

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Insights into optimizing exosome therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 258-284页

作者： Tianjing Sun Mo Li Qi Liu Anyong yu Kun Cheng Jianxing Ma Sean Murphy Patrick michael McNutt yuanyuan Zhang Department of Emergency Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563003China Department of Nephrology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563003China Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO64108USA Department of Biochemistry Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC27157USA Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC27109USA

Exosome therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound healing.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of exosome biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and beyond.Exosomes,small extracellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells,have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue repair.One advantage of exosome therapy is its ability to avoid potential risks associated with stem cell therapy,such as immune rejection or stem cells differentiating into unwanted cell types.However,further research is necessary to optimize exosome therapy,not only in the areas of exosome isolation,characterization,and engineering,but also in determining the optimal dose,timing,administration,and frequency of exosome therapy.Thus,optimization of exosome therapy is critical for the development of more effective and safer exosome-based therapies for acute skin wound healing and other diseases induced by cancer,ischemia,or inflammation.This review provides valuable insights into the potential of exosome therapy and highlights the need for further research to optimize exosome therapy for clinical use.

关键词： exosomes stem cells therapeutic impact skin wound healing

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Effect of TiB_(2)Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 67-77页

作者： Xinxing Xiong Sijie yu Pei Wang Junfang Qi Haichao Li Xulei Wang michael Ryan Debajyoti Bhaduri Rossitza Setchi Additive Manufacturing Institute Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Henan Key Laboratory of High Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites Institute of Carbon Matrix CompositesHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou450046China High-Value Manufacturing Research Group School of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK

The research involves the addition of 5 vol.%TiB_(2)particles into AA8009 alloy powder to synthesize TiB_(2)/AA8009 composite parts produced via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The addition of the TiB_(2)particles causes the TiB_(2)/AA8009 composites with and without annealing have lower compressive strength than AA8009 alloy due to the change of the strengthening mechanism.The results further indicated that solid solution strengthening was the main strengthening mechanism of the LPBF AA8009 alloy at room temperature whereas Orowan strengthening became the primary strengthening factor after annealing at 673 K.In contrast,Orowan strengthening always remained the main strengthening mechanism for the TiB_(2)/AA8009 composite,irrespective of the annealing temperature.In addition,after annealing of the LPBF parts at 673 K,the compressive yield strength(CYS)of the unblended AA8009 alloy specimens had a~2.5 times greater reduction(from 705±16 to 459±30 MPa)compared to that of the composite TiB_(2)/AA8009 samples(from 466±23 to 368±3 MPa).Therefore,TiB_(2)particles can suppress the drop in yield strength of LPBF AA8009 alloy below 673 K,providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the applications of both LPBF AA8009 and TiB_(2)/AA8009 alloys at low and medium temperatures.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion AA8009 alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties

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Quantum Spin Exchange Interactions to Accelerate the Redox Kinetics in Li–S Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 370-383页

作者： yu Du Weijie Chen yu Wang yue yu Kai Guo Gan Qu Jianan Zhang Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation of Zhengzhou City College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China

Spin-engineering with electrocatalysts have been exploited to suppress the“shuttle effect”in Li–S batteries.Spin selec-tion,spin-dependent electron mobility and spin potentials in activation barriers can be optimized as quantum spin exchange interactions lead-ing to a significant reduction of the electronic repulsions in the orbitals of catalysts.Herein,we anchor the MgPc molecules on fluorinated carbon nanotubes(MgPc@FCNT),which exhibits the single active Mg sites with axial displacement.According to the density functional theory calculations,the electronic spin polarization in MgPc@FCNT not only increases the adsorption energy toward LiPSs intermediates but also facilitates the tunneling process of electron in Li–S batter-ies.As a result,the MgPc@FCNT provides an initial capacity of 6.1 mAh cm^(-2) even when the high sulfur loading is 4.5 mg cm^(-2),and still maintains 5.1 mAh cm^(-2) after 100 cycles.This work provides a new perspective to extend the main group single-atom catalysts enabling high-performance Li–S batteries.

关键词： Metal phthalocyanines Spin polarization Electrocatalysis Li–S batteries

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Light People:Professor Laura Na Liu

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 184-189页

作者： Hui Wang Cun yu Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033ChangchunChina

Editorial The DNA nanotechnology outlines a new chapter in biological sciences,opening a new era of scientific and technological advancements.A pioneer of DNA nanotechnology,Professor Liu from the University of Stuttgart in Germany,our latest Light People,has been working at the interface,where nanophotonics meets biology and chemistry.On the path of scientific explorations.

关键词： chemistry. advancement pioneer

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Level set band method: A combination of density-based and level set methods for the topology optimization of continuums

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第3期15卷 390-405页

作者： Peng WEI Wenwen WANG Yang YANG michael yu WANG School of Civil Engineering and Transportation State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building ScienceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

The level set method(LSM),which is transplanted from the computer graphics field,has been successfully introduced into the structural topology optimization field for about two decades,but it still has not been widely applied to practical engineering problems as density-based methods do.One of the reasons is that it acts as a boundary evolution algorithm,which is not as flexible as density-based methods at controlling topology changes.In this study,a level set band method is proposed to overcome this drawback in handling topology changes in the level set framework.This scheme is proposed to improve the continuity of objective and constraint functions by incorporating one parameter,namely,level set band,to seamlessly combine LSM and density-based method to utilize their advantages.The proposed method demonstrates a flexible topology change by applying a certain size of the level set band and can converge to a clear boundary representation methodology.The method is easy to implement for improving existing LSMs and does not require the introduction of penalization or filtering factors that are prone to numerical issues.Several 2D and 3D numerical examples of compliance minimization problems are studied to illustrate the effects of the proposed method.

关键词： level set method topology optimization density-based method level set band

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Macroporous Directed and Interconnected Carbon Architectures Endow Amorphous Silicon Nanodots as Low‑Strain and Fast‑Charging Anode for Lithium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 333-351页

作者： Zhenwei Li Meisheng Han Peilun yu Junsheng Lin Jie yu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Shenzhen Engineering Lab for Supercapacitor MaterialsSchool of Material Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenUniversity TownShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Dongguan 523808GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China

Fabricating low-strain and fast-charging silicon-carbon composite anodes is highly desired but remains a huge challenge for lithium-ion batteries.Herein,we report a unique silicon-carbon composite fabricated by uniformly dis-persing amorphous Si nanodots(SiNDs)in carbon nanospheres(SiNDs/C)that are welded on the wall of the macroporous carbon framework(MPCF)by vertical graphene(VG),labeled as MPCF@VG@SiNDs/C.The high dispersity and amor-phous features of ultrasmall SiNDs(~0.7 nm),the flexible and directed electron/Li+transport channels of VG,and the MPCF impart the MPCF@VG@SiNDs/C more lithium storage sites,rapid Li+transport path,and unique low-strain property during Li+storage.Consequently,the MPCF@VG@SiNDs/C exhibits high cycle stability(1301.4 mAh g^(-1) at 1 A g^(-1) after 1000 cycles without apparent decay)and high rate capacity(910.3 mAh g^(-1),20 A g^(-1))in half cells based on industrial electrode standards.The assembled pouch full cell delivers a high energy density(1694.0 Wh L^(-1);602.8 Wh kg^(-1))and an excellent fast-charging capability(498.5 Wh kg^(-1),charging for 16.8 min at 3 C).This study opens new possibilities for preparing advanced silicon-carbon com-posite anodes for practical applications.

关键词： Amorphous Si nanodots Low-strain Fast-charging Lithium-ion batteries

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