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Transepithelial leak in Barrett's esophagus patients: The role of proton pump inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第22期18卷 2793-2797页

作者： Christopher Farrell Melissa Morgan Owen Tully Kevin Wolov Keith Kearney Benjamin Ngo Giancarlo Mercogliano James J Thornton mary carmen valenzano James M Mullin Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital Wynnewood PA 19096 United States Lankenau Institute for Medical Research Wynnewood PA 19096 United States

AIM： To determine if the observed paracellular sucrose leak in Barrett＇s esophagus patients is due to their pro- ton pump inhibitor （PPI） use. METHODS： The in vivo sucrose permeability test was administered to healthy controls, to Barrett＇s patients and to non-Barrett＇s patients on continuous PPI thera- py. Degree of leak was tested for correlation with pres- ence of Barrett＇s, use of PPIs, and length of Barrett＇s segment and duration of PPI use. RESULTS： Barrett＇s patients manifested a near 3-fold greater, upper gastrointestinal sucrose leak than healthy controls. A decrease of sucrose leak was ob- served in Barrett＇s patients who ceased PPI use for 7 *** initial introduction of PPI use （in a PPI-na＇ive population） results in dramatic increase in sucrose leak, long-term, continuous PPI use manifested a slow spon- taneous decline in leak. The sucrose leak observed in Barrett＇s patients showed no correlation to the amount of Barrett＇s tissue present in the esophagus. CONCLUSION： Although future research is needed to determine the degree of paracellular leak in actual Barrett＇s mucosa, the relatively high degree of leak ob- served with in vivo sucrose permeability measurement of Barrett＇s patients reflects their PPI use and not their Barrett＇s tissue perse.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Sucrose Tight junc-tion Paracellular, Omeprazole Proton pump inhibitor Transepithelial

Sieving characteristics of cytokine-and peroxide-induced epithelial barrier leak:Inhibition by berberine

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第2期7卷 223-234页

作者： Katherine M DiGuilio Christina M Mercogliano Jillian Born Brendan Ferraro Julie To Brittany Mixson Allison Smith mary carmen valenzano James M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research Lankenau Medical Center Departments of Biology and Biomedical Engineering Drexel University

AIM: To study whether the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) colon which exhibits varying severity and cytokine levels across its mucosa create varying types of transepithelial leak. METHODS: We examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1-β (IL1β) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) - singly and in combinations - on barrier function of CACO-2 cell layers. Our focus was on the type (not simply the magnitude) of transepithelial leak generated by these agents as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and transepithelial flux of 14C-D-mannitol, 3H-Lactulose and 14C-Polyethylene glycol as radiolabeled probe molecules. The isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine, was then examined for its ability to reduce specific types of transepithelial leak. RESULTS: Exposure to TNF-α alone (200 ng/mL; 48 h) induced a 50% decrease in TER, i.e., increased leak of Na+ and Cl- - with only a marginal but statistically significant increase in transepithelial leak of 14C-mannitol (Jm). Exposure to TNF-α + IFN-γ (200 ng/mL; 48 h) + IL1β (50 ng/mL; 48 h) did not increase the TER change (from TNF-α alone), but there was now a 100% increase in Jm. There however was no increase in transepithelial leak of two larger probe molecules, 3H-lactulose and 14C-polyethylene glycol (PEG). However, exposure to TNF-α + IFN-γ + IL1β followed by a 5 h exposure to 2 mmol/L H2O2 resulted in a 500% increase in 14C-PEG leak as well as leak to the luminal mitogen, epidermal growth factor. CONCLUSION: This model of graded transepithelial leak is useful in evaluating therapeutic agents reducing IBD morbidity by reducing barrier leak to various luminal substances.

关键词： Intestine Crohn’s disease Tight junction Ulcerative colitis CACO-2 Berberine Micronutrient Cytokine

Absence of Na^+/sugar cotransport activity in Barrett's metaplasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1365-1369页

作者： Lisa J Murray Owen Tully David S Rudolph marysue Whitby mary C valenzano Giancarlo Mercogliano James J Thornton James M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research WynnewoodPAUnited States Saint Joseph's UniversityDepartment of BiologyPhiladelphiaPA 19096United States Lankenau Hospital Department of Medicine WynnewoodPA 19096United States Lankenau Hospital Department of MedicineWynnewoodPA 19096 United States Lankenau Institute for Medical Research WynnewoodPAUnited States Lankeanu Hospital Division of GastroenterologyWynnewood PA 19096United States Lankeanu Hospital Division of GastroenterologyWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIM:To evaluate the presence of Na+-dependent, active, sugar transport in Barrett's epithelia as an intestinal biomarker, based on the well-documented, morphological intestinal phenotype of Barrett's esophagus (BE). METHODS: We examined uptake of the nonmeta- bolizable glucose analogue, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside (AMG), a substrate for the entire sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) family of transport proteins. During upper endoscopy, patients with BE or with uncomplicated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) allowed for duodenal, gastric fundic, and esophageal mucosal biopsies to be taken. Biopsies were incubated in bicarbonate-buffered saline (KRB) containing 0.1 mmol/L 14C-AMG for 60 min at 20℃. Characterized by abundant SGLT, duodenum served as a positive control while gastric fundus and normal esophagus, known to lack SGLT, served as negative controls. RESULTS: Duodenal biopsies accumulated 249.84 ± 35.49 (SEM) picomoles AMG/μg DNA (n = 12), gastric fundus biopsies 36.20 ± 6.62 (n = 12), normal esophagus 12.10 ± 0.59 (n = 3) and Barrett's metaplasia 29.79 ± 5.77 (n = 8). There was a statistical difference (P < 0.01) between biopsies from duodenum and each other biopsy site but there was no statistically significant difference between normal esophagus and BE biopsies. 0.5 mmol/L phlorizin (PZ) inhibited AMG uptake into duodenal mucosa by over 89%, but had nosignificant effect on AMG uptake into gastric fundus, normal esophagus, or Barrett's tissue. In the absence of Na+ (all Na+ salts replaced by Li+ salts), AMG uptake in duodenum was decreased by over 90%, while uptake into gastric, esophageal or Barrett's tissue was statistically unaffected. CONCLUSION: Despite the intestinal enterocyte phenotype of BE, Na+-dependent, sugar transport activity is not present in these cells.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Cancer Biomarker Sodium glucose cotransporters Glucose transport Alphamethyl-D-glucoside Phlorizin Esophagus Metaplasia

Antioxidant,cytotoxic,and anti-venom activity of Alstonia parvifolia ***

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第10期11卷 460-468页

作者： Maria carmen S.Tan mary Stephanie S.Carranza Virgilio C.Linis Raymond S.Malabed Yves Ira A.Reyes Francisco C.Franco,Jr. Glenn G.Oyong Chemistry Department De La Salle University2401 Taft AvenueManila 1004Philippines Biology Department De La Salle University2401 Taft AvenueManila 1004Philippines Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceOsaka UniversityOsaka 563-0034Japan Molecular Science Unit Laboratory Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental ResearchDe la Salle University2401 Taft AvenueManila 1004Philippines

Objective:To evaluate antioxidant,cytotoxic,and anti-venom capacity of crude bark extracts of Alstonia parvifolia ***:Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and energy dispersive X-ray analyses were accomplished to characterize the chemical constituents of Alstonia *** characterization was evaluated using an inhibitory phospholipase A_(2)(PLA_(2))assay,DPPH,and cytotoxicity *** the constituents listed in the GC-MS analyses,molecular docking was conducted to inspect the binding energies between the chosen compounds and selected PLA_(2) ***:GC-MS analyses showed that the Alstonia parvifolia crude extract consisted predominantly of acetylmarinobufogenin(14.89%),γ-sitosterol(10.44%),3-O-methyl-D-glucose(5.88%),3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid(5.30%),(2α,5α)-17-methoxyaspidofractinin-3-one(AFM)(4.08%),and 2,3,5,6,7,8,9-heptahydro-1-phenyl-5-(p-chlorophenylimino)-1H-benzo[e][1,4]thiazepine(HPT)(1.37%).The principal elemental components of Alstonia parvifolia were Ca(4.012%)and K(1.496%),as exhibited by energy dispersive X-ray *** parvifolia showed significant free radical scavenging ability(IC_(50):0.287 mg/mL)and was non-cytotoxic to normal HDFn cells(IC_(50)>100μg/mL).Moreover,Alstonia parvifolia was favorably cytotoxic to MCF-7(IC_(50):4.42µg/mL),followed by H69PR,HT-29,and THP-1,with IC_(50) values of 4.94,5.07,and 6.27µg/mL,*** parvifolia also displayed notable inhibition against PLA_(2) activity of Naja philippinensis Taylor venom with IC_(50) of(15.2±1.8)μg/*** and cluster analyses projected negative binding energies from AFM(−6.36 to−9.68 kcal/mol),HPT(−7.38 to−9.77 kcal/mol),and acetylmarinobufogenin(−7.22 to−9.59 kcal/mol).These calculations were for the particular interactions of Alstonia parvifolia constituents to PLA_(2) homologues where the utmost affinity was detected in HPT owing to the dipole interactions with amino acid ***:The bark e

关键词： Alstonia parvifolia Merr. Naja philippinensis Taylor Gas chromatography-electron ionization-mass spectrometry Secretory phospholipase A_(2) Cytotoxicity assay Anti-venom

Molecular Assessment of Athecate Dinoflagellates of the Order Gymnodiniales (Dinophyceae) in Todos Santos Bay, Baja California México

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1926-1944页

作者： Alexis De Jesús Escarcega-Bata mary carmen Ruiz-de la Torre María Luisa Nuñez Resendiz Luis Manuel Enriquez-Paredes Kurt M. Dreckmann Abel Sentíes Marine Science Faculty Autonomous University of Baja California Ensenada México Department of Hydrobiology Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa México México

The Gymnodiniales are the most important group of athecate dinoflagellates both for its abundance and distribution and for the harmful potential of several of its species. Although morphologically it is well known, phylogenetically it has been very little studied. HABs impact important coastal activities in Todos Santos Bay, so a detailed characterization of potentially toxic phytoplankton species is crucial in monitoring surveys. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to carry out a molecular assessment to the morphospecies of Gymnodiniales currently recorded in Todos Santos Bay, from which discussed their phylogenetic relationships. 120 samples were obtained from monthly samplings during 2019 to 2020. For all of them, 18 s small subunit (SSU) and 28 s large subunit (LSU) genes of rDNA were amplified and sequenced using single-cell PCR. Also, they were photographed. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on MrBayes from the combined 18 s - 28 s data set. The presence of 15 phylogenetic entities was confirmed, four of which constituted new records for the Mexican Pacific, as well as three harmful species, one toxic and two bloom-forming. Our molecular results evidenced the need to re-evaluate the current taxonomic system of athecate dinoflagellates at all hierarchical levels, integrating them with morphological evidence without preponderance of this criterion over taxonomic decisions.

关键词： Diversity HABS New Records Paraphyletic Groups Athecate Dinoflagellates

Brassiere wearing and breast cancer risk:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2015年第4期3卷 193-205页

作者： Winnie KW So Dorothy NS Chan Yan Lou Kai-Chow Choi carmen WH Chan Kristina Shin Ava Kwong Diana TF Lee The Nethersole School of Nursing The Chinese University of Hong KongNew Territories Nursing Department School of MedicineHangzhou Normal University Institute of Textiles and Clothing the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Breast Surgery Division Department of SurgeryQueen Mary Hospital

AIM： To evaluate existing evidence for the association between different type of brassiere exposures and the risk of breast ***： Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Data Base of Systematic Reviews, Pubmed, Scopus, Proquest, Sciencedirect, Wiley Online Library, WanFang Data, Hong Kong Index to Chinese Periodicals, China Journal Net, Chinese Medical Current Contents, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Academic Journals Full-Text database, Taiwan Electronic Periodical Services and HyRead; reference lists of published studies; origi-nal research studies published in English or Chinese examining the association between type and duration of brassiere-wearing and breast cancer risk. Data were abstracted by a frst reviewer and verifed by a second. Study quality was rated according to predefned criteria. “Fair” or “good” quality studies were included. Results were summarised by meta-analysis whenever adequate material was ***： Twelve case-control studies were included in the review. Meta-analysis showed brassiere wearing during sleep was associated with a two times ofincreased odds. CONCLUSION： The present review demonstrates insuffcient evidence to establish a positive association between the duration and type of brassiere wearing and breast cancer. Further research is essential; specifcally, a large-scale epidemiological study of a better design is needed to examine the association between various forms of brassiere exposure in detail and breast cancer risk, with adequate control of confounding variables.

关键词： Breast cancer Brassiere Risk factors Systematic review Meta-analysis

An inter-laboratory study of DNA-based identity,parentage and species testing in animal forensic genetics

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 708-713页

作者： Sreetharan Kanthaswamy Torsten Brendel Luis Cancela Denise A.Andrade de Oliveira Bertram Brenig carmen Cons Julian A.Crespi Markéta Dajbychová Andreas Feldl Tomohito Itoh Vincenzo Landi Amparo Martinez Malgorzata Natonek-Wisniewska Robert F.Oldt Anna Radko Oscar Ramírez Clementina Rodellar Manuel Ruiz-Girón David Schikorski María Elena Turba Guillermo Giovambatista School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Arizona State University(ASU)at the West CampusGlendaleAZUSA California National Primate Research Center University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program School of Life SciencesArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Eurofins Genomics Europe Applied Genomics GmbH EbersbergGermany IDENTITAS MontevideoUruguay Laboratório de Genética Escola de Veterinária da UFMGBelo HorizonteBrazil Institute of Veterinary Medicine University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany Facultad de Veterinaria Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica(LAGENBIO)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2(Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA)ZaragozaSpain Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP IGEVET-Instituto de Genética Veterinaria(UNLP-CONICET LAPLATA)La PlataArgentina Genomia s.r.o. PlzeňCzech Republic Maebashi Institute of Animal Science Livestock Improvement Association of Japan(LIAJ)MaebashiJapan Department of Veterinary Medicine Animal Breeding and GeneticsUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”ValenzanoItaly Department of Genetics Faculty of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of CórdobaCórdobaSpain Department of Animal Molecular Biology National Research Institute of Animal ProductionBalicePoland Vetgenomics SL BarcelonaSpain Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica Hispalis Biolab S.L.U.SevilleSpain Laboratoire LABOFARM-GENINDEXE LOUDEACCedexFrance Genefast SRL ForlìItaly

The probative value of animal forensic genetic evidence relies on laboratory accuracy and ***-laboratory comparisons allow laboratories to evaluate their performance on specific tests and analyses and to continue to monitor their *** International Society for Animal Genetics(ISAG)administered animal forensic comparison tests(AFCTs)in 2016 and 2018 to assess the limitations and capabilities of laboratories offering forensic identification,parentage and species determination *** AFCTs revealed that analyses of low DNA template concentrations(≤300 pg/μL)constitute a significant challenge that has prevented many laboratories from reporting correct identification and parentage ***,a lack of familiarity with species testing protocols,interpretation guidelines and representative databases prevented over a quarter of the participating laboratories from submitting correct species determination *** laboratories showed improvement in their genotyping accuracy over ***,the use of forensically validated standards,such as a standard forensic short tandem repeat(STR)kit,preferably with an allelic ladder,and stricter guidelines for STR typing,may have prevented some common issues from occurring,such as genotyping inaccuracies,missing data,elevated stutter products and loading *** AFCTs underscore the importance of conducting routine forensic comparison tests to allow laboratories to compare results from each *** should keep improving their scientific and technical capabilities and continuously evaluate their personnel’s proficiency in critical techniques such as low copy number(LCN)analysis and species *** this is the first time that the ISAG has conducted comparison tests for forensic testing,findings from these AFCTs may serve as the foundation for continuous improvements of the overall quality of animal forensic genetic testing.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics comparison test forensic DNA analysis individual identification parentage test species test

Preparation of elastomeric nanocomposites using nanocellulose and recycled alum sludge for flexible dielectric materials

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2023年第1期13卷 57-65页

作者： Dongyang Sun Bernard L.H.Saw Amaka J.Onyianta Bowen Wang Callum Wilson Dominic O’Rourke Chan H.See carmen-Mihaela Popescu Mark Dorris Islam Shyha Zhilun Lu School of Engineering and Built Environment Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghUK Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman KajangMalaysia Bristol Composites Institute School of CivilAerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of BristolUniversity WalkBristolBS81TRUK School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy IasiRomania

Flexible dielectric materials with environmental-friendly,low-cost and high-energy density characteristics are in increasing demand as the world steps into the new Industrial 4.0 *** this work,an elastomeric nanocomposite was developed by incorporating two components:cellulose nanofibrils(CNFs)and recycled alum sludge,as the reinforcement phase and to improve the dielectric properties,in a bio-elastomer *** and alum sludge were produced by processing waste materials that would otherwise be disposed to landfills.A biodegradable elastomer polydimethylsiloxane was used as the matrix and the nanocomposites were processed by casting the materials in Petri *** extraction and heat treatment of alum sludge were conducted and characterized using various techniques including scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis/derivative thermogravimetric(TGA/DTG)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)*** preparing the nanocomposite samples,various amount of alum sludge was added to examine their impact on the mechanical,thermal and electrical *** have shown that it could be a sustainable practice of reusing such wastes in preparing flexible,lightweight and miniature dielectric materials that can be used for energy storage applications.

关键词： Nanocellulose biodegradable sustainable alum sludge nanocomposite flexible dielectric