Molecular Assessment of Athecate Dinoflagellates of the Order Gymnodiniales (Dinophyceae) in Todos Santos Bay, Baja California México

作     者：Alexis De Jesús Escarcega-Bata Mary Carmen Ruiz-de la Torre María Luisa Nuñez Resendiz Luis Manuel Enriquez-Paredes Kurt M. Dreckmann Abel Sentíes Alexis De Jesús Escarcega-Bata;Mary Carmen Ruiz-de la Torre;María Luisa Nuñez Resendiz;Luis Manuel Enriquez-Paredes;Kurt M. Dreckmann;Abel Sentíes

作者机构：Marine Science Faculty Autonomous University of Baja California Ensenada México Department of Hydrobiology Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa México México 

出 版 物：《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 (美国植物学期刊（英文）)

年 卷 期：2021年第12卷第12期

页      面：1926-1944页

学科分类：07[理学] 0701[理学-数学] 070101[理学-基础数学] 

主　　题：Diversity HABS New Records Paraphyletic Groups Athecate Dinoflagellates 

摘      要：The Gymnodiniales are the most important group of athecate dinoflagellates both for its abundance and distribution and for the harmful potential of several of its species. Although morphologically it is well known, phylogenetically it has been very little studied. HABs impact important coastal activities in Todos Santos Bay, so a detailed characterization of potentially toxic phytoplankton species is crucial in monitoring surveys. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to carry out a molecular assessment to the morphospecies of Gymnodiniales currently recorded in Todos Santos Bay, from which discussed their phylogenetic relationships.120 samples were obtained from monthly samplings during 2019 to 2020. For all of them, 18 s small subunit (SSU) and 28 s large subunit (LSU) genes of rDNA were amplified and sequenced using single-cell PCR. Also, they were photographed. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on MrBayes from the combined 18 s - 28 s data set. The presence of 15 phylogenetic entities was confirmed, four of which constituted new records for the Mexican Pacific, as well as three harmful species, one toxic and two bloom-forming. Our molecular results evidenced the need to re-evaluate the current taxonomic system of athecate dinoflagellates at all hierarchical levels, integrating them with morphological evidence without preponderance of this criterion over taxonomic decisions.