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世界科学 1991年第11期 54-55+44页

作者： m. F. rayner-Canham 何常

一个被卢瑟福誉为足与居里夫人媲美的杰出女物理学家,在历史上被埋没了大半个世纪.这里用披露的现代书信勾勒出她不平坦的一生.反映了一些发人深思的问题.在有关科学发现的记述中,留在人们记忆里的是谁获得声誉而不是谁做了实际工作.然... 详细信息

一个被卢瑟福誉为足与居里夫人媲美的杰出女物理学家,在历史上被埋没了大半个世纪.这里用披露的现代书信勾勒出她不平坦的一生.反映了一些发人深思的问题.在有关科学发现的记述中,留在人们记忆里的是谁获得声誉而不是谁做了实际工作.然而那些在工作台前埋头苦干的人中有不少成绩卓著的科学家,我们不应忘记他们.海里德·布鲁克丝(Harriet Brooks)就是这些被遗忘的科学家中的一个.她是卢瑟福在麦克吉尔大学的最早的研究生,后来又同汤姆生与居里夫人一起工作过.

关键词：布鲁克卢瑟福物理学家居里夫人汤姆生

如何选择营养素度量法模型规范儿童食物广告的重要性——针对性数据的比较

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如何选择营养素度量法模型规范儿童食物广告的重要性——针对性数...

营养素度量法的应用:慢性疾病预防饮食中的潜在角色以及核心营养素度量体系的可行性

作者： P Scarborough C Payne C G Agu A Kaur A mizdrak m rayner J C G Halford E Boyland 刘轶群 British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group Department of Public HealthUniversity of Oxford Department of Experimental Psychology University of Liverpool

背景/目的:世界卫生大会建议应减少儿童暴露于不健康食物的几率。营养素度量法模型被用于定义儿童食品是否健康,并作为规范和限制广告的依据。但是,营养素度量法有几十种模型,这些模型的一致性目前还不明确。本研究的目的是测量8种营养... 详细信息

背景/目的:世界卫生大会建议应减少儿童暴露于不健康食物的几率。营养素度量法模型被用于定义儿童食品是否健康,并作为规范和限制广告的依据。但是,营养素度量法有几十种模型,这些模型的一致性目前还不明确。本研究的目的是测量8种营养素度量法的一致性,这8种营养素度量法都被用于规范儿童食物广告,如多少量和什么样的食物能够允许在电视台播放广告给儿童。材料/方法:收集2008年英国的儿童食品商业电视广告代表数据。该数据包括11763条广告336种不同的产品或品牌。此外,还通过公司网站、食品包装和食物成分表获得营养素数据,计算不同营养素度量法模型的评分。结果:不同营养素度量法模型允许的商业广告的比例从2.1%(0.4%,3.7%)至47.4%(42.1%,52.6%)。模型之间两两比较的一致性Kappa系数有一半都低于0.2,表明模型之间的一致性较差。结论:政策制定者在规范和管理儿童食品广告时,应慎重选用营养素度量法模型。

关键词：营养素度量法广告营养规范

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营养健康新观察 2014年第1期 37-38页

作者： G Sacks m rayner L Stockley P Scarborough W Snowdon B Swinburn 刘轶群 Deakin Population Health Deakin University British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group Department of Public HealthUniversity of Oxford Pacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases(C-POND) Fiji School of Medicine

背景/目的:大量不同的营养素度量模型被提出但只有少量营养素度量法的应用被评估验证。本论文旨在描述营养素度量法的应用在慢性疾病饮食(DRCD)中的潜在角色,以及考虑核心营养素度量体系的可行性,哪一个可以被改进从而加强特定国家中多重潜在应用的基础。方法:市场营销中的4‘P'(产品、促销、地点和价格)被作为一个框架去识别和区分营养素度量法的潜在应用。逻辑通路的提出可被适用于评估营养素度量干预对行为改变、饮食改变以及慢病饮食效果改变的潜在影响。核心营养素度量体系的可行性可用于评估不同模型设计策略的影响以及不同目的的适宜性。结果和结论:使用营养素度量法作为干预慢病饮食策略的一部分具有巨大的空间。核心营养素度量体系作为各种应用的基础是可以减少差异以及缩小监管机构、制造商和消费者的混乱。并且它作为公共元素并被合并为核心体系的一部分也是可行的,例如,标准评分法、营养素的核心体系、食物成分和清晰的食物分类,以及额外的专用标准应用。无论如何,在一个系统的发展和实施过程中需要与几个特定国家的背景和技术性因素相协调。

关键词：营养素度量法慢性疾病饮食应用

如何选择营养素度量法模型规范儿童食物广告的重要性——针对性数据的比较

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营养健康新观察 2014年第1期 44-45页

关键词：营养素度量法广告营养规范

Epidemiology and mutational Analysis of Global Strains of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第4期26卷 229-244页

作者： Simon rayner Bioinformatics Group State Key Laboratory for VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness with high *** are reported in several countries in Africa,Europe,the middle East,and *** analyses based on the virus S (nucleocapsid),m (glycoprotein),and L (polymerase) genome segments sequences indicate distinct geographic lineages exist but their specific genetic characteristics require *** this work we collected all full length S segment sequences and generated a phylogenetic tree based on the alignment of these 62 *** then analyzed the alignment using entries from AAIndex,the Amino Acid Index database,to identify amino acid mutations that performed significant changes in charge,pka,hydropathy and side chain ***,we mapped these changes back to the tree and alignment to identify correlated mutations or sites that characterized a specific *** on this analysis we are able to propose a number of sites that appear to be important for virus function and which would be good candidates for experimental mutational analysis studies.

关键词：突变分析病毒株流行病学出血刚果氨基酸指数系统发育分析基因组片段

Co-expression network analysis predicts a key role of microRNAs in the adaptation of the porcine skeletal muscle to nutrient supply

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 327-347页

作者： Emilio mármol-Sánchez Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas Raquel Quintanilla TainãFigueiredo Cardoso rayner González-Prendes Joan Tibau marcel Amills Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Animal Breeding and Genetics Program Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture(IRTA)Torre Marimon08140 Caldes de MontbuiSpain Present address:Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária(EMBRAPA)São CarlosSP 13560-970Brazil Department of Animal Science Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center25198 LleidaSpain Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Background:The role of non-coding RNAs in the porcine muscle metabolism is poorly understood,with few studies investigating their expression patterns in response to nutrient ***,we aimed to investigate the changes in microRNAs(miRNAs),long intergenic non-coding RNAs(lincRNAs)and mRNAs muscle expression before and after food ***:We measured the miRNA,lincRNA and mRNA expression levels in the gluteus medius muscle of 12 gilts in a fasting condition(AL-T0)and 24 gilts fed ad libitum during either 5 h.(AL-T1,N=12)or 7 h.(AL-T2,N=12)prior to *** small RNA fraction was extracted from muscle samples retrieved from the 36 gilts and sequenced,whereas lincRNA and mRNA expression data were already *** terms of mean and variance,the expression profiles of miRNAs and lincRNAs in the porcine muscle were quite different than those of *** intake induced the differential expression of 149(AL-T0/AL-T1)and 435(AL-T0/AL-T2)mRNAs,6(AL-T0/AL-T1)and 28(AL-T0/AL-T2)miRNAs and none lincRNAs,while the number of differentially dispersed genes was much *** the set of differentially expressed miRNAs,we identified ssc-miR-148a-3p,ssc-miR-22-3p and ssc-miR-1,which play key roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid ***,co-expression network analyses revealed several miRNAs that putatively interact with mRNAs playing key metabolic roles and that also showed differential expression before and after *** case example was represented by seven miRNAs(ssc-miR-148a-3p,ssc-miR-151-3p,ssc-miR-30a-3p,ssc-miR-30e-3p,ssc-miR-421-5p,ssc-miR-493-5p and ssc-miR-503)which putatively interact with the PDK4 mRNA,one of the master regulators of glucose utilization and fatty acid ***:As a whole,our results evidence that microRNAs are likely to play an important role in the porcine skeletal muscle metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability.

关键词： Co-expression analysis lincRNAs microRNAs Pig Regulatory impact factor Skeletal muscle

Pathogenicity of Rabies Viruses Isolated in China: Two Fixed Strains and a Street Strain

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期26卷 552-561页

作者： HUANG Ying TANG Qing Simon rayner GONG Kai SONG Bo LIANG Guo Dong Key Laboratorg for medical Virology Ministry of Health Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (IVDC China CDC) State Key Laboratory for Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and membrane Biotechnology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDC

Objective To investigate the virulence characteristics of two fixed strains （CTN and aG） and a street strain （HNIO） of rabies viruses isolated in China, methods ICR mice of different age groups were via the intracracerebral （i.c.） or intramuscular （i.m inoculated with CTN, aG and HN10 rabies virus strains ） routes, and observed for 20 days. Results The CTN strain was pathogenic to 7-day-old suckling mice that received i.c. inoculations and 3-day-old suckling mice that received i.m. inoculations. The aG strain was pathogenic to 4-week-old mice that received i.c. inoculations and 7-day-old suckling mice that received i.m. inoculations. The HN10 strain was pathogenic to mice of all age groups via both inoculation routes. In moribund mice, the viruses had spread to most regions of the brain. The CTN and HN10 strains had similar dissemination patterns in the brain; both viral antigens could be found in the dentate gyrus （DG）, whereas few viral antigens were present in the DG from specimens that had been infected with the aG strain. Conclusion A comprehensive sequence analysis of the G protein suggested that differences in gene sequences may be responsible for producing strain-specific differences in pathogenicity and distribution in the brain.

关键词： Rabies Virus Pathogenicity Distribution Glycoprotein

Aeroplanes and Global Warming

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新高考(英语进阶) 2017年第9期 40-41页

作者： mike rayner

Gimme a ticket for an aeroplane,Ain’t got time to take a fast *** days are gone,I’m a-goin’home,’Cause my baby just a-wrote me a *** Carson Thompson,’The Letter’Have you ever looked out of the window of a passenger plane from 30,000 feet at the vast expanses of empty ocean and uninhabited land and wondered how people can have any major effect on the Earth?I *** it is now becomina orettv clear that we are

关键词： Aeroplanes and Global Warming

Novel Evidence Suggests Hepatitis B Virus Surface Proteins Participate in Regulation of HBV Genome Replication

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第2期26卷 131-138页

作者： Jian Qiu Bo Qin Simon rayner Chun-chen Wu Rong-juan Pei Song Xu Yun Wang Xin-wen Chen State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Naturally occurring mutations in surface proteins of Hepatitis B virus(HBV) usually result in altered hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) secretion *** the present study,we reported two conserved residues,m75 and m103 with respect to HBsAg,mutations of which not only attenuated HBsAg secretion(m75 only),but also suppressed HBV genome replication without compromising the overlapping p-gene *** also found m75 and m103 can initiate truncated surface protein(TSPs) synthesis upon over-expression of full-length surface proteins,which may possibly contribute to HBV genome ***,attempts to rescue replicationdefective HBV mutant by co-expression of TSPs initiated from m75 or m103 were unsuccessful,which indicated surface proteins rather than the putative TSPs were involved in regulation of HBV genome replication.

关键词：病毒基因组表面蛋白乙型肝炎乙肝病毒复制调控乙肝表面抗原 HBsAg