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Arabidopsis Mutants and the Network of M icrotu bu le-Associated Functions

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 888-898页

作者： Henrik Buschmann clive W. lloyd Department of cell and Developmental Biology John Innes Centre 1 Colney Lane Norwich NR4 7UH UK

In early eukaryotes, the microtubule system was engaged in mitosis, intracellular transport, and flagellumbased motility. In the plant lineage, the evolution of a multicellular body involved the conservation of some core functions, the loss of others, and the elaboration of new microtubule functions associated with the multicellular plant habit. This diversification is reflected by the presence of both conserved （animal/fungi-like） and novel （plant-like） sequences encoding microtubule-related functions in the Arabidopsis genome. The collection of microtubule mutants has grown rapidly over recent years. These mutants present a wide range of phenotypes, consistent with the hypothesis of a functional diversification of the microtubule system. In this review, we focus on mutant analysis and, in particular, discuss double mutant analysis as a valuable tool for pinpointing pathways of gene function. A future challenge will be to define the complete network of genetic and physical interactions of microtubule function in plants. In addition to reviewing recent progress in the functional analysis of the ＇MAPome＇, we present an online database of Arabidopsis mutants impaired in microtubule functions.

关键词： cell division cell morphogenesis cytoskeleton genetics development Arabidopsis.

Framework for atomic-level characterisation of quantum computer arrays by machine learning

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npj computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1513-1520页

作者： Muhammad Usman Yi Zheng Wong charles D.Hill lloyd c.L.Hollenberg center for Quantum computation and communication Technology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Physics University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of computing and Information Systems Melbourne School of EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of Mathematics and Statistics University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Atomic-level qubits in silicon are attractive candidates for large-scale quantum computing;however,their quantum properties and controllability are sensitive to details such as the number of donor atoms comprising a qubit and their precise *** work combines machine learning techniques with million-atom simulations of scanning tunnelling microscopic(STM)images of dopants to formulate a theoretical framework capable of determining the number of dopants at a particular qubit location and their positions with exact lattice site precision.A convolutional neural network(cNN)was trained on 100,000 simulated STM images,acquiring a characterisation fidelity(number and absolute donor positions)of>98% over a set of 17,600 test images including planar and blurring noise commensurate with experimental *** formalism is based on a systematic symmetry analysis and feature-detection processing of the STM images to optimise the computational *** technique is demonstrated for qubits formed by single and pairs of closely spaced donor atoms,with the potential to generalise it for larger donor *** method established here will enable a high-precision post-fabrication characterisation of dopant qubits in silicon,with high-throughput potentially alleviating the requirements on the level of resources required for quantum-based characterisation,which will otherwise be a challenge in the context of large qubit arrays for universal quantum computing.

关键词： quantum character donor

chebfun and numerical quadrature

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Science china Mathematics 2012年第9期55卷 1749-1760页

作者： HALE Nicholas TREFETHEN lloyd N Mathematical Institute University of OxfordOxford OX1 3LBUK

chebfun is a Matlab-based software system that overloads Matlab's discrete operations for vectors and matrices to analogous continuous operations for functions and *** begin by describing chebfun's fast capabilities for clenshaw-curtis and also Gauss-Legendre,-Jacobi,-Hermite,and-Laguerre quadrature,based on algorithms of Waldvogel and Glaser,Liu and *** we consider how such methods can be applied to quadrature problems including 2D integrals over rectangles,fractional derivatives and integrals,functions defined on unbounded intervals,and the fast computation of weights for barycentric interpolation.

关键词：数值积分 Matlab 函数定义分数阶导数软件系统时间间隔运算符雅可比

Advances in preclinical evaluation of experimental antibody-drug conjugates

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cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第4期4卷 745-754页

作者： Scott K.Lyons Dennis Plenker lloyd c.Trotman cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNY 11724USA

The ability to chemically modify monoclonal antibodies with the attachment of specific functional groups has opened up an enormous range of possibilities for the targeted treatment and diagnosis of cancer in the *** the number of such antibody-based drug candidates has increased,so too has the need for more stringent and robust preclinical evaluation of their in vivo performance to maximize the likelihood that time,research effort,and money are only spent developing the most effective and promising candidate molecules for translation to the *** with the development of antibody-drug conjugate(ADc)technology,several recent advances in preclinical research stand to greatly increase the experimental rigor by which promising candidate molecules can be *** include advances in preclinical tumor modeling with the development of patient-derived tumor organoid models that far better recapitulate many aspects of the human disease than conventional subcutaneous xenograft *** models are amenable to genetic manipulation,which will greatly improve our understanding of the relationship between ADc and antigen and stringently evaluate mechanisms of therapeutic ***,tumor development is often not visible in these in vivo *** discuss how the application of several preclinical molecular imaging techniques will greatly enhance the quality of experimental data,enabling quantitative pre-and post-treatment tumor measurements or the precise assessment of ADcs as effective *** our opinion,when taken together,these advances in preclinical cancer research will greatly improve the identification of effective candidate ADc molecules with the best chance of clinical translation and cancer patient benefit.

关键词： Antibody-drug conjugate tumor preclinical organoid cRISPR preclinical imaging theranostic

cTLA4 protects against maladaptive cytotoxicity during the differentiation of effector and follicular cD4^(+)T cells

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第7期20卷 777-793页

作者： Yuwei Hao Bahar Miraghazadeh Rochna chand Ainsley R.Davies chelisa cardinez Kristy Kwong Morgan B.Downes Rebecca A.Sweet Pablo F.cañete lloyd J.D’Orsogna David A.Fulcher Sharon choo Desmond Yip Geoffrey Peters Sonia Yip Matthew J.Witney Maxim Nekrasov Zhi-Ping Feng David c.Tscharke carola G.Vinuesa Matthew c.cook centre for Personalised Immunology John Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia Translational Research Unit The Canberra HospitalCanberraACTAustralia Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases John Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia Department of Immunology Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWAAustralia Department of Immunology The Royal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Medical Oncology The Canberra HospitalCanberraACTAustralia ANU Medical School The Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia NHMRc clinical Trials Unit The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia The AcRF Biomolecular Resource Facility John Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia ANU Bioinformatics consultancy John Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia Francis crick Institute 1 Midland RdLondon NW11ATUK cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom.

As chronic antigenic stimulation from infection and autoimmunity is a feature of primary antibody deficiency(PAD),analysis of affected patients could yield insights into T-cell differentiation and explain how environmental exposures modify clinical phenotypes conferred by single-gene ***57 marks dysfunctional T cells that have differentiated after antigenic ***,while circulating cD57^(+)cD4^(+)T cells are normally rare,we found that they are increased in patients with PAD and markedly increased with cTLA4 haploinsufficiency or *** performed single-cell RNA-seq analysis of matched cD57^(+)cD4^(+)T cells from blood and tonsil *** cD57^(+)cD4^(+)T cells(cD4cyt)exhibited a cytotoxic transcriptome similar to that of cD8^(+)effector cells,could kill B cells,and inhibited B-cell ***4 restrained the formation of *** cD57 also marked an abundant subset of follicular helper T cells,which is consistent with their antigen-driven differentiation,this subset had a preexhaustion transcriptomic signature marked by TcF7,TOX,and ID3 expression and constitutive expression of cTLA4 and did not become cytotoxic even after cTLA4 ***,cD57^(+)cD4^(+)T-cell cytotoxicity and exhaustion phenotypes are compartmentalised between blood and germinal ***4 is a key modifier of cD4^(+)T-cell cytotoxicity,and the pathological cD4cyt phenotype is accentuated by infection.

关键词： cTLA4 Immunodeficiency cell exhaustion Terminal differentiation cytotoxic cD4^(+)T cells cD57

Effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on Erythrocyte Immune Adherence of chickens Inoculated with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

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Agricultural Sciences in china 2007年第11期6卷 1402-1408页

作者： LI Hong-quan lloyd Reeve-Johnson WANGJun-dong college of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu 030801 P.R.China Schools of Veterinary Science Seddon Buildings University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia

Two hundred and forty specific pathogen free leghorn chickens were randomly divided into four groups and reared in isolated pens. The tested chickens were negative to infectious bursal disease virus （IBDV） at 25 d old. Group 1 was treated with saline, whereas Groups 2, 3, and 4 were inoculated with 0.3 mL IBDV suspension intranasally the next day. Groups 3 and 4 were also administered with Astragalus polysaccharides （APS） intramuscularly twice daily at 5 or 10 mg kg-1 BW, respectively, until 31 d old. The erythrocyte-c3b receptor rosette rate （E-c3bRR） and the erythrocyte-c3b immune complex rosette rate （E-IcRR） were measured at 25, 29, 32, 35, and 38 d old. The results showed that IBDV significantly reduced E-c3bRR and E-IcRR when compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）, while simultaneous administration of APS with 1BDV maintained E-c3bRR at similar levels to the control group （P 〉 0.05） and increased E-IcRR when compared with the control group and the group non-treated with APS （P 〈 0.05）. APS treatment reduced the morbidity and mortality of chickens inoculated with IBDV （P 〈 0.05）. The results suggest that APS may enhance the immune adherence of chickens erythrocytes by affecting the activity and/or the number of complement receptors on the erythrocyte membrane. These findings can be beneficial in providing an understanding of the basic mechanisms required for the rational application of APS in modern medicine.

关键词： Astragalus polysaccharides chicken infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) erythrocyte immune modulation herbal therapy

Selective Deactivation of Gibberellins below the Shoot Apex is critical to Flowering but Not to Stem Elongation of Lolium

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 295-307页

作者： Rod W. King Lewis N. Mander Torben Asp colleen R MacMillan cheryl A. Blundell lloyd T. Evans cSIRO Plant Industry Canberra ACT 2600 Australia Research School of chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Department of Genetics and-Biotechnology University of Aarhus 4200 Slagelse Denmark Present Address: ENSIS PO Box E 4008 Kingston ACT 2604 Australia

Gibberellins （GAs） cause dramatic increases in plant height and a genetic block in the synthesis of GA1 explains the dwarfing of Mendel＇s pea. For flowering, it is GAs which is important in the long-day （LD） responsive grass, Loliurn. As we show here, GA1 and GA4 are restricted in their effectiveness for flowering because they are deactivated by c-2 hydroxylation below the shoot apex. In contrast, GAs is effective because of its structural protection at c-2. Excised vegetative shoot tips rapidly degrade [14c]GA1, [14c]GA4, and [14c]GA20 （〉80% in 6 h）, but not [14c]GAs. coincidentaUy, genes encoding two 2β-oxidases and a putative 16-17-epoxidase were most expressed just below the shoot apex （〈3 mm）. Further down the immature stem （〉4 mm）, expression of these GA deactivation genes is reduced, so allowing GA1 and GA4 to promote sub-apical stem elongation. Subsequently, GA degradation declines in florally induced shoot tips and these GAs can become active for floral development. Structural changes which stabilize GA4 confirm the link between florigenicity and restricted GA 2β-hydroxylation （e.g. 2α-hydroxylation and c-2 di-methylation）. Additionally, a 2-oxidase inhibitor （Trinexapac Ethyl） enhanced the activity of applied GA4, as did limiting c-16,17 epoxidation in 16,17-dihydro GAs or after c-13 hydroxylation. Overall, deactivation of GA1 and GA4 just below the shoot apex effectively restricts their florigenicity in Loliurn and, conversely, with GAs, c-2 and c-13 protection against deactivation allows its high florigenicity. Speculatively, such differences in GA access to the shoot apex of grasses may be important for separating floral induction from inflorescence emergence and thus could influence their survival under conditions of herbivore predation.

关键词： Selective Deactivation Shoot Apex Stem Elongation of Lolium

Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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chinese Physics c 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya c. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal c. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov c. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi c. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen c.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso c. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral coutinho A. Ambler c. Amelung M. Amerl c.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev c. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi c. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella c. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val c. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAS collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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门诊烧伤的预防与治疗

中国全科医学 2013年第9期16卷 957-960页

作者： Emillia cO lloyd Blake c Rodgers 周淑新(译) 葛军(译) Saint Louis University Family Medicine Residency Program Belleville Illinois 62220 USA 中国石油天然气集团公司中心河北省廊坊市065000

大多数烧伤可由初级保健医生在门诊实施治疗。加强预防可使烧伤发生率明显下降，特别对儿童而言。与其他创伤管理相似，烧伤管理包括初级和次级评估。处理浅度烧伤可采用药液、蜂蜜、芦荟或抗生素软膏局部用药。部分皮层烧伤局部用抗菌... 详细信息

大多数烧伤可由初级保健医生在门诊实施治疗。加强预防可使烧伤发生率明显下降，特别对儿童而言。与其他创伤管理相似，烧伤管理包括初级和次级评估。处理浅度烧伤可采用药液、蜂蜜、芦荟或抗生素软膏局部用药。部分皮层烧伤局部用抗菌药物或吸收性封闭敷料有助于减少疼痛、促进愈合和防止创面干燥。

关键词：烧伤治疗预防门诊医疗