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128层双源CT冠状动脉成像的诊断准确性:不同采集方案的随机对照

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第3期 283-284页

作者： L.A.Neefjes A.Rossi T.S.S.Genders k.nieman S.L.Papadopoulou A.S.Dharampal 宾锋利 Department of Cardiology Erasmus Medical Center

目的比较128层双源CT冠状动脉成像(CTCA)方案检测管腔阻塞超过50%的冠状动脉狭窄的诊断性能和辐射量。方法前瞻性地将有症状的459例病人纳入CTCA检查。病人被随机分配为大螺距螺旋扫描与窄窗序列扫描的CTCA方案组(心率65次/min,B组)。26... 详细信息

目的比较128层双源CT冠状动脉成像(CTCA)方案检测管腔阻塞超过50%的冠状动脉狭窄的诊断性能和辐射量。方法前瞻性地将有症状的459例病人纳入CTCA检查。病人被随机分配为大螺距螺旋扫描与窄窗序列扫描的CTCA方案组(心率65次/min,B组)。267例病人的定量冠状动脉成像与CTCA的诊断性能进行比较。结果在A组[231例病人,男性146例,平均心率为(58±7)次/min]中,以冠状动脉段为单位,大螺距螺旋CTCA比序列CTCA的敏感度低(89%∶97%,P=0.01);特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值相当(分别为95%、62%、99%和96%、73%、100%,P>0.05),但辐射剂量更低[(1.16±0.60)mSv∶(3.82±1.65)mSv,P0.05),序列CTCA的辐射剂量低于回顾性CTCA[(6.12±2.58)mSv∶(8.13±4.52)mSv,P<0.001]。这两组的诊断性能相当。结论心率规则的病人应用128层双源CT的序列CTCA扫描,以获得最佳的诊断准确性与合理可行的低辐射剂量。要点①128层双源CT冠状动脉成像检查提供了多种不同的采集方案。②随机对照的采集方案揭示了最佳方案的选择策略。③选择适当的CTCA方案降低了辐射剂量,同时保证了高质量。④CTCA方案的选择应基于每例病人的特征。⑤前瞻性序列扫描方案是CTCA的首选。

关键词： CT 冠状动脉成像冠状动脉疾病辐射剂量敏感性和特异性

第三代双源CT联合迭代重建技术在全面评估人工心脏瓣膜中的成像进展

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第4期 492-492页

作者： M.E.Faure L.E.Swart M.L.Dijkshoorn J.A.Bekkers M.V.Straten k.nieman 谢雁蓉 Department of Radiology University Hospital of Antwerp

目的多层螺旋CT在人工心脏瓣膜(PHV)的功能评估中意义重大。成像过程中的辐射剂量亦值得关注。本实验旨在有限的放射剂量下,采用更新的CT扫描方案对PHV的功能进行全面评估。方法采用第三代双源CT(DSCT)扫描设备联合迭代重建(IR)技术对PH... 详细信息

目的多层螺旋CT在人工心脏瓣膜(PHV)的功能评估中意义重大。成像过程中的辐射剂量亦值得关注。本实验旨在有限的放射剂量下,采用更新的CT扫描方案对PHV的功能进行全面评估。方法采用第三代双源CT(DSCT)扫描设备联合迭代重建(IR)技术对PHV置换术后的病人进行扫描,采用3种扫描方案:平扫、增强扫描动脉期CT血管成像(CTA)(体表心电图每间隔5%作为成像间期)、全胸部延迟期的大螺距CTA。影像质量评价总分为5分。根据CT容积剂量指数(CTDI)和剂量长度乘积(DLP)评价辐射剂量。结果本实验共纳入43例病人的影像数据。平扫、增强动脉期及延迟期的平均影像质量评分分别为4.1±1.4、4.7±0.5及4.2±0.6,总平均分为4.3±0.7。瓣叶的平均影像质量分值为3.9±1.4。平扫(40例)、增强动脉期(43例)及延迟期(43例)的平均DLP分别为8.2±17.1、457.3±168.6、(68.5±47.2)mGy·cm,总平均值为(569±208)mGy·cm。平均辐射剂量为(8.3±3.0)m Sv(43例)。结论多层螺旋CT联合IR技术可以在中等辐射剂量下对PHV进行全面功能评估。

关键词：人工心脏瓣膜 PHV 功能评估延迟期第三代 CT

利用CT评估伴和不伴糖尿病病人的冠状动脉疾病和冠状动脉钙化斑块负荷

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国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第4期 394-394页

作者： E.Maffei S.Seitun k.nieman C.Martini A.I.Guaricci C.Tedeschi 丁晓辉 Department of Radiology and Cardiology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma

目的使用CT冠状动脉血管成像(CTCA)比较伴和不伴2型糖尿病病人的冠状动脉粥样硬化负荷。方法与材料无冠状动脉疾病(CAD)史的147例糖尿病病人[平均年龄(65±10)岁;男89例]和979例非糖尿病病人[平均年龄(61±13)岁;男567例]行CTCA检查。... 详细信息

目的使用CT冠状动脉血管成像(CTCA)比较伴和不伴2型糖尿病病人的冠状动脉粥样硬化负荷。方法与材料无冠状动脉疾病(CAD)史的147例糖尿病病人[平均年龄(65±10)岁;男89例]和979例非糖尿病病人[平均年龄(61±13)岁;男567例]行CTCA检查。测定了每例病人的冠状动脉

关键词：糖尿病冠状动脉疾病 CT冠状动脉血管成像

双源CT冠状动脉成像:最佳时间窗及心率对影像质量与放射剂量的影响

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国际医学放射学杂志 2008年第A6期31卷 484-484页

作者： A.C.Weustink N.R.Mollet F.Pugliese W.B.Meijboom k.nieman M.H.Heijenbrok-kal 郑丽丽 Department of Radiology Erasmus Medical Center PO Box2040Room Hs2183000CA RotterdamThe Netherlands.

目的探讨可疑冠心病病人心电周期中最佳时间窗与心率、影像质量及放射剂量的关系。材料与方法本研究经伦理审查委员会通过,并获得所有病人知情同意。

关键词：放射剂量 CT 影像质量可疑冠心病知情同意图像质量舒张末期数据集窗宽

Coronavirus disease-2019: A tocsin to our aging, unfit, corpulent, and immunodeficient society

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第4期9卷 293-301页

作者： David C.nieman Department of Biology College of Arts and SciencesAppalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

Acute and chronic respiratory illnesses cause widespread morbidity and mortality,and this class of illness now includes the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome that is causing coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19).The world is experiencing a major demographic shift toward an older,obese,and physically inactive *** factor assessments based on pandemic data indicate that those at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19 include older males,and people of all ages with obesity and related comorbidities such as hypertension and type 2 *** in and of itself leads to negative changes in innate and adaptive immunity,a process termed *** causes systemic inflammation and adversely impacts immune function and host defense in a way that patterns *** primary prevention strategies to reduce the risk for COVID-19 at both the community and individual levels include mitigation activities and the adoption of lifestyle practices consistent with good immune *** and human studies support the idea that,in contrast to high exercise workloads,regular moderate-intensity physical activity improves immunosurveillance against pathogens and reduces morbidity and mortality from viral infection and respiratory illnesses including the common cold,pneumonia,and *** odds are high that infectious disease pandemics spawned by novel pathogens will continue to inflict morbidity and mortality as the world’s population becomes older and more ***-19 is indeed a wake-up call,a tocsin,to the world that primary prevention countermeasures focused on health behaviors and hygiene demand our full attention and support.

关键词： COVID-19 Exercise Immunology Infection Obesity

Exercise immunology:Novel insights

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 277-279,I0001页

作者： David C.nieman Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic heightened worldwide attention on the influence of exercise on the immune *** were raised about whether regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)could help prevent COVID-19 or mitigate symptoms when *** MVPA bolster immunity among those most prone to COVID-19 including the elderly,obese,and immunocompromised patients?Does regular MVPA dampen systemic inflammation,thereby lessening the COVID-19 cytokine storm?

关键词： immunity inflammation thereby

Physical activity lowers the risk for acute respiratory infections:Time for recognition

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 648-655,F0003页

作者： David C.nieman Camila A.Sakaguchi Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

Physical inactivity is a well-established risk factor for chronic diseases,such as cardiovascular disease,cancer,and diabetes *** is a growing awareness that physical inactivity should also be regarded as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections(ARIs).ARIs,such as the common cold,influenza,pneumonia,and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),are among the most pervasive diseases on earth and cause widespread morbidity and *** in support of the linkage between ARIs and physical inactivity has been strengthened during the COVID-19 pandemic because of increased scientific ***-scale studies have consistently reported that the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes is elevated in cohorts with low physical activity and/or physical fitness,even after adjusting for other risk *** lowered risk for severe COVID-19 and other ARIs in physically active groups is attributed to exercise-induced immunoprotective effects,including enhanced surveillance of key immune cells and reduced chronic *** consensus groups,including those who submitted the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans,have not yet given this area of research the respect that is *** is time to add“reduced risk for ARIs”to the“Exercise is Medicine”list of physical activity-related health benefits.

关键词： Acute respiratory infections COVID-19 Immune system Physical activity Pneumonia

Exercise immunology:Future directions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第5期9卷 432-445页

作者： David C.nieman Brandt D.Pence Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA School of Health Studies University of MemphisMemphisTN 38152USA

Several decades of research in the area of exercise immunology have shown that the immune system is highly responsive to acute and chronic exercise *** exercise bouts enhance immunosurveillance and when repeated over time mediate multiple health *** of the studies prior to 2010 relied on a few targeted outcomes related to immune *** the past decade,technologic advances have created opportunities for a multi-omics and systems biology approach to exercise *** article provides an overview of metabolomics,lipidomics,and proteomics as they pertain to exercise immunology,with a focus on *** review also summarizes how the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exercise,with applications to human health and ***-induced improvements in immune function may play a critical role in countering immunosenescence and the development of chronic diseases,and emerging omics technologies will more clearly define the underlying *** review summarizes what is currently known regarding a multi-omics approach to exercise immunology and provides future directions for investigators.

关键词： Exercise Immunology Lipidomics Metabolomics Proteomics

The compelling link between physical activity and the body's defense system

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 201-217页

作者： David C.nieman Laurel M.Wentz Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State University North Carolina Research Campus Department of Nutrition and Health Care Management Appalachian State University

This review summarizes research discoveries within 4 areas of exercise immunology that have received the most attention from investigators :(1) acute and chronic effects of exercise on the immune system,(2) clinical benefits of the exercise—immune relationship,(3) nutritional influen?ces on the immune response to exercise, and(4) the effect of exercise on immunosenescence. These scientific discoveries can be organized into distinctive time periods: 1900-1979, which focused on exercise-induced changes in basic immune cell counts and function; 1980-1989, during which seminal papers were published with evidence that heavy exertion was associated with transient immune dysfunction, elevated inflammatory biomarkers,and increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections; 1990-2009, when additional focus areas were added to the field of exercise immunology including the interactive effect of nutrition, effects on the aging immune system, and inflammatory cytokines; and 2010 to the present, when technological advances in mass spectrometry allowed system biology approaches(i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and microbiome characterization) to be applied to exercise immunology studies. The future of exercise irmmunology will take advantage of these technologies to provide new insights on the interactions between exercise, nutrition, and immune function, with application down to the person?alized level. Additionally, these methodologies will improve mechanistic understanding of how exercise-induced immune perturbations reduce the risk of common chronic diseases.

关键词： Aging Exercise Immunology Infection Inflammation Mass Snectrometry Nutrition