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MicroRNAs in heart and circulation during physical exercise

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 433-441页

作者： Lijun Wang Yicheng Lv Guoping Li Junjie Xiao Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02215USA

Exercise training is beneficial to the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs(miRNAs, miRs) are a class of conserved non-coding RNAs and play a wide-ranging role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Exercise training alters the expression levels of large amounts of miRNAs in the heart. In addition, circulating miRNAs appear to be regulated by exercise training. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the regulation of miRNAs during physical exercise intervention in various cardiovascular diseases, including pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The regulatory role of circulating miRNAs after exercise training was also reviewed. In conclusion, miRNAs might be a valuable target for treatment of cardiovascular diseases and have great potential as biomarkers for assessment of physical performance.

关键词：物理 miRNAs 发行量心血管真核细胞上海大学训练非编码

Exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第3期9卷 203-210页

作者： Lijun Wang Jiaqi Wang Dragos Cretoiu Guoping Li Junjie Xiao Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute of Mother and Child Health Fetal Medicine Excellence Research CenterBucharest 020395Romania Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02215USA

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway,which is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in which lysosomes decompose their own organelles and recycle the resulting macromolecules.Autophagy is critical in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and function, and excessive or insufficient autophagy or autophagic flux can lead to cardiovascular disease. Enormous evidence indicates that exercise training plays a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The regulation of autophagy during exercise is a bidirectional process. For cardiovascular disease caused by either insufficient or excessive autophagy, exercise training restores normal autophagy function and delays the progression of cardiovascular disease.An in-depth exploration and discussion of exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system can broaden our view about the prevention of various autophagy-related diseases through exercise training. In this article, we review autophagy and its related signaling pathways,as well as autophagy-dependent beneficial effects of exercise in cardiovascular system.

关键词： Autophagy Cardiovascular diseases Exercise

Exercise training maintains cardiovascular health:signaling pathways involved and potential therapeutics

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第10期7卷 3709-3726页

作者： Huihua Chen Chen Chen Michail Spanos Guoping Li Rong Lu Yihua Bei Junjie Xiao School of Basic Medical Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair School of MedicineShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA

Exercise training has been widely recognized as a healthy lifestyle as well as an effective non-drug therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases(CVD).Functional and mechanistic studies that employ animal exercise models as well as observational and interventional cohort studies with human participants,have contributed considerably in delineating the essential signaling pathways by which exercise promotes cardiovascular fitness and health.First,this review summarizes the beneficial impact of exercise on multiple aspects of cardiovascular health.We then discuss in detail the signaling pathways mediating exercise’s benefits for cardiovascular health.The exercise-regulated signaling cascades have been shown to confer myocardial protection and drive systemic adaptations.The signaling molecules that are necessary for exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy have the potential to attenuate myocardial injury and reverse cardiac remodeling.Exercise-regulated noncoding RNAs and their associated signaling pathways are also discussed in detail for their roles and mechanisms in exercise-induced cardioprotective effects.Moreover,we address the exercise-mediated signaling pathways and molecules that can serve as potential therapeutic targets ranging from pharmacological approaches to gene therapies in CVD.We also discuss multiple factors that influence exercise’s effect and highlight the importance and need for further investigations regarding the exercise-regulated molecules as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for CVD as well as the cross talk between the heart and other tissues or organs during exercise.We conclude that a deep understanding of the signaling pathways involved in exercise’s benefits for cardiovascular health will undoubtedly contribute to the identification and development of novel therapeutic targets and strategies for CVD.

关键词： cardiovascular protective organs

Exercise regulates cardiac metabolism: Sex does matter

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 418-420页

作者： Tingting Yang Meiyu Hu Michail Spanos Guoping Li Stephen C Kolwicz Jr Junjie Xiao Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesShanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ RepairSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA Heart and Muscle Metabolism Laboratory Department of Health and Exercise PhysiologyUrsinus CollegeCollegevillePA 19426USA

Cardiac substrate utilization remains a critical focus for the research community.1 Research has acknowledged the role of metabolic flexibility in the development and progression of cardiac dysfunction during a variety of diseases and conditions.2,3 Under resting basal conditions,the heart relies on fatty acid metabolism as the primary energy source with glucose,lactate,ketone bodies,pyruvate,acetate,and branched-chain amino acids contributing as substrates depending on substrate availability,hormonal status,and myocardial conditioning.4 In addition to pathological states,physiological states,such as acute exercise,induce dynamic changes in substrate metabolism,including nearly a 10-fold increase in myocardial oxygen consumption.3,5 To meet the increased demand for energy during and after a bout of exercise,the heart muscle must exhibit metabolic flexibility and selectively utilize different substrates for adenosine triphosphate production.Moreover,metabolic substrate adaptations depend on the frequency,intensity,duration,and mode of exercise while multiple metabolic fluxes,such as the use,storage and mobilization of substrates must be coordinated to maintain energy homeostasis.1,2 Although many different processes of exercise-induced regulation and metabolic remodeling have been identified,35 the effect of exercise on cellular metabolism and the landscape of metabolic pathway regulation in response to both acute exercise and chronic exercise training remain unclear.

关键词： metabolism cardiac utilize

Exercise attenuates angiotensinⅡ-induced muscle atrophy by targeting PPARγ/miR-29b

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 696-707,F0003页

作者： Qi Liu Liyang Chen Xuchun Liang Yuqing Cao Xinyue Zhu Siqi Wang Jin Li Juan Gao Junjie Xiao Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair School of MedicineShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Background:Exercise is beneficial for muscle atrophy.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) and microRNA-29 b(miR-29 b) have been reported to be responsible for angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)-induced muscle atrophy.However,it is unclear whether exercise can protect AngⅡ-induced muscle atrophy by targeting PPARγ/miR-29 b.Methods:Skeletal muscle atrophy in both the control group and the run group was established by AngⅡ infusion;after 1 week of exercise training,the mice were sacrificed,and muscle weight was determined.Myofiber size was measured by hematoxylin-eosin and wheat-germ agglutinin staining.Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining.The expression level of muscle atrogenes,including F-box only protein 32(FBXO32,also called Atrogin-1) and muscle-specific RING-finger 1(MuRF-1),the phosphorylation level of protein kinase B(PKB,also called AKT)/forkhead box 03 A(FOX03 A)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway proteins,the expression level of PPARγ and apoptosis-related proteins,including B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X(Bax),cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3(caspase-3),and cleaved-caspase-3,were determined by western blot.The expression level of miR-29 b was checked by reversetranscription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.A PPARγ inhibitor(T0070907) or adeno-associated virus serotype-8(AAV8)-mediated miR-29 b overexpression was used to demonstrate whether PPARγ activation or miR-29 b inhibition mediates the beneficial effects of exercise in AngⅡ-induced muscle atrophy.Results:Exercise can significantly attenuate AngⅡ-induced muscle atrophy,which is demonstrated by increased skeletal muscle weight,cross-sectional area of myofiber,and activation of AKT/mTOR signaling and by decreased atrogenes expressions and apoptosis.In AngⅡ-induced muscle atrophy mice models,PPARγ was elevated whereas miR-29 b was decreased by exercise.The protective effects of exercise in AngⅡ-induced muscle atrophy were inhibited by a PPARγ inhibitor(T0070907)

关键词： AngiotensinⅡ Exercise Muscle atrophy PPARg miR-29b

Exercise sustains the hallmarks of health

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 8-35页

作者： Yan Qiu Benjamin Fernández-García H.Immo Lehmann Guoping Li Guido Kroemer Carlos López-Otín Junjie Xiao Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)School of MedicineShanghai UniversityNantong 226011China Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesShanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ RepairSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias(ISPA) Oviedo 33011Spain Department of Morphology and Cell Biology AnatomyUniversity of OviedoOviedo 33006Spain Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Equipe labellisee par la Ligue contre le cancerUniversite de Paris CiteSorbonne UniversiteInserm U1138Institut Universitaire de FranceParis 75231France Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuif 94805France Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM Department of BiologyHopital Europeen Georges PompidouAP-HPParis 75015France Departamento de Bioquımica y Biologıa Molecular Facultad de MedicinaInstituto Universitario de OncologıaUniversidad de OviedoOviedo 33006Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Cancer(CIBERONC) Oviedo 33006Spain

Exercise has long been known for its active role in improving physical fitness and sustaining health.Regular moderate-intensity exercise improves all aspects of human health and is widely accepted as a preventative and therapeutic strategy for various diseases.It is well-documented that exercise maintains and restores homeostasis at the organismal,tissue,cellular,and molecular levels to stimulate positive physiological adaptations that consequently protect against various pathological conditions.Here we mainly summarize how moderate-intensity exercise affects the major hallmarks of health,including the integrity of barriers,containment of local perturbations,recycling and turnover,integration of circuitries,rhythmic oscillations,homeostatic resilience,hormetic regulation,as well as repair and regeneration.Furthermore,we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for beneficial adaptations in response to exercise.This review aimed at providing a comprehensive summary of the vital biological mechanisms through which moderate-intensity exercise maintains health and opens a window for its application in other health interventions.We hope that continuing investigation in this field will further increase our understanding of the processes involved in the positive role of moderate-intensity exercise and thus get us closer to the identification of new therapeutics that improve quality of life.

关键词： Beneficial effects of exercise Exercise-related physiological adaptations Hallmarks of health Moderate-intensity exercise Therapeutic exercise

Stepped frequency chirp signal imaging radar jamming using two-dimensional nonperiodic phase modulation

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023年第3期24卷 433-446页

作者： Qihua WU Feng ZHAO Tiehua ZHAO xiaobin LIU junjie WANG Shunping xiao State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Stepped frequency chirp signal obtains high-resolution radar images by synthesizing multiple narrowband chirp pulses.It has been one of the most commonly used wideband radar waveforms due to its lower demand for radar instant bandwidth.In this paper,we propose a radar jamming method using two-dimensional nonperiodic phase modulation against stepped frequency chirp signal imaging radar.Using the unique property of nonperiodic phase modulation,the proposed method can generate high-level sidelobes that perform as a special blanket jamming along both the range and azimuth directions and make the target unrecognizable.Then,the influence of different modulation parameters,such as the code width and duty ratio,are further discussed.Based on this,the corresponding parameter design principles are presented.Finally,the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by the Yake-42 plane data simulation and measured unmanned aerial vehicle data experiment.

关键词： Radar jamming Stepped frequency chirp signal Nonperiodic phase modulation Wideband radar

Non-coding RNA basis of muscle atrophy

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Non-coding RNA basis of muscle atrophy

Uncertain bilevel knapsack problem and its solution

第三届中国生物物理学会代谢生物学分会学术研讨会

作者： Junjie Xiao Shanghai University

Muscle atrophy is an unresolved challenge and the role of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) in it is not completely understood.Using a miRNA array,we show elevated expression of miR-29b in the gastrocnemius muscle of multiple in vivo muscle atrophy models.miR-29b can promote muscle atrophy in myotubes differentiated from C2C12 or primary myoblasts.Cell culture models of muscle atrophy,including dexamethasone (Dex),TNF-αor HO treatment,are attenuated by

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2017年第4期28卷 717-724页

作者： junjie Xue Ying Wang Jiyang xiao College of Equipment Management and Safety Engineering Air Force Engineering University Xi’an 710051 Ch Science Research Center Air Force Engineering University Xi’an 710051 China

This paper aims at providing an uncertain bilevel knapsack problem (UBKP) model, which is a type of BKPs involving uncertain variables. And then an uncertain solution for the UBKP is proposed by defining PE Nash equilibrium and PE Stackelberg Nash equilibrium. In order to improve the computational efficiency of the uncertain solution, several operators (binary coding distance, inversion operator, explosion operator and binary back learning operator) are applied to the basic fireworks algorithm to design the binary backward fireworks algorithm (BBFWA), which has a good performance in solving the BKP. As an illustration, a case study of the UBKP model and the P-E uncertain solution is applied to an armaments transportation problem.

关键词： uncertainty bilevel programming knapsack problem binary backward fireworks algorithm