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Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors prescriptions in Chinese hospitalized chronic kidney disease patients

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3061-3075页

作者： Chun Zhang Zhi-Yu Duan Sa-Sa Nie Zhou Zhang Xin-Ru Guo Chao-yang Zhang Jing Dong guang-yan cai Department of Nephrology The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China National Engineering Laboratory for Medical Big Data Application Technology Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

BACKGROUND Many guidelines have recommended renin-angiotensin system inhibitors(RASI)as the first-line treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).We studied RASI prescription trends from 2010 to 2019,and analyzed the characteristics associated with RASI prescription in Chinese hospitalized CKD *** To study the prescription of renin angiotensin system inhibitors in hospitalized patients with CKD in *** It was retrospectively,cross-sectional reviewed RASI prescriptions in hospitalized CKD patients in China from 2010 to *** prescribing trends were analyzed from 2010 to 2019,and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify characteristics associated with RASI *** A total of 35090 CKD patients were included,with 10043(28.6%)RASI *** these patients,18919(53.9%)met the criteria for RASI treatments based on the 2012 kidney disease:Improving global outcomes *** these,7246(38.3%)patients received RASI *** prescriptions showed an initial rapid increase from 2011 to 2012,reached its peak around 2015 and 2016,and then exhibited a subsequent slight decreasing *** bivariate and multivariate analyses showed that several characteristics,including the male gender,age less than 60-year-old,nephrology department admission,lower CKD stage,history of hypertension or diabetes,proteinuria,glomerulonephritis as the CKD etiology,and non-acute kidney injury were associated with RASI *** The frequency of RASI prescriptions showed an initial increase but a slight decreasing trend in more recent *** patients with certain characteristics such as elderly age,advanced disease stage,surgery department admission,or acute kidney injury were less likely to receive RASI *** the application of RASI in hospitalized CKD patients is *** actual clinical practice needs to be *** development of related research

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors Prescriptions Adherence

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大学教师行为背后的制度与文化归因——立足于偏好的研究视角

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高等教育研究 2022年第1期43卷 56-68页

作者：阎光才华东师范大学高等教育研究所上海200062

偏好为经济学、心理学与社会学等领域广泛流行的概念。不同于信念、态度、抱负和激情,偏好作为个体相对稳定且被合理化的心智模型,与其日常可观察的行为事实间有着更为直接的关联。大学教师的职业选择、工作角色以及风险选择偏好的形成... 详细信息

偏好为经济学、心理学与社会学等领域广泛流行的概念。不同于信念、态度、抱负和激情,偏好作为个体相对稳定且被合理化的心智模型,与其日常可观察的行为事实间有着更为直接的关联。大学教师的职业选择、工作角色以及风险选择偏好的形成与变化,固然有其个人禀赋如智力、人格等生物学基础,但更受制度政策、学术文化等环境因素的影响。偏好本身为一个中性概念,无好坏之别,对大学教师偏好结构与形成机制的分析,有助于我们更为真切地透视学术界众多现象背后的深层动因与诱因,为实证研究提供基本依据和分析框架。

关键词：大学教师偏好学术制度学术职业

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科学独创现象及其背后的个体品质与环境关联

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高等教育研究 2022年第7期43卷 1-13页

作者：阎光才华东师范大学高等教育研究所上海200062

在一个呼唤原始创新的当下,如何理解科学独创?科学独创可认为是一种社会与文化现象,而并非完全是独立的个体行为。人的创造潜质源于个人禀赋包括智力与人格品质,但潜质的挖掘与发挥程度取决于环境,特别是环境的开放度与容忍度。相对而言... 详细信息

在一个呼唤原始创新的当下,如何理解科学独创?科学独创可认为是一种社会与文化现象,而并非完全是独立的个体行为。人的创造潜质源于个人禀赋包括智力与人格品质,但潜质的挖掘与发挥程度取决于环境,特别是环境的开放度与容忍度。相对而言,科学家人群较一般人群在思维风格与人格特征上具有一定的差异性,科学领域高创造力群体的人格特征表现出更为突出的特异性。我国当前学术界与大学中的众多现象表明,科学独创的活跃度与重大原创研究成果的不足,需要我们从学术制度乃至整个社会文化环境方面予以反思。

关键词：科学独创杰出科学家智力人格环境

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高校有组织科研与科学英才的独特作用——兼及拔尖创新人才的培育议题

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高等教育研究 2023年第2期44卷 10-19页

作者：阎光才华东师范大学高等教育研究所上海200062

在当今科技领域,有组织科研最为成功的范例便是大工程与大科学项目,但它之所以能成功,其前提不仅仅在于组织方式以及领导者的远见卓识与协调能力,更重要的是既有基础研究领域的理论积累与技术的可行性。具有高度智力挑战性的变革性理论... 详细信息

在当今科技领域,有组织科研最为成功的范例便是大工程与大科学项目,但它之所以能成功,其前提不仅仅在于组织方式以及领导者的远见卓识与协调能力,更重要的是既有基础研究领域的理论积累与技术的可行性。具有高度智力挑战性的变革性理论研究,未必源于大团队的集体智慧,更多地依赖于少数科学英才个人智慧与意志力。科学英才的涌现,主要是个性化与差异化教育过程的自然分化而未必是一厢情愿选拔与塑造的结果。科学领域拔尖创新人才特别是青年英才的培育,更在于其自我成长,需要给予自主探究、独立开展研究的空间和必要的资源支持,因此尤为需要完善人才使用制度和培植健康的学术文化。

关键词：有组织科研精英人才集体智慧个人智慧

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高等教育研究的理论品质与实践旨趣——2021年“青年学者论坛”观点集萃与述评

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高等教育研究 2022年第9期43卷 52-62页

作者：阎光才华东师范大学高等教育研究所上海200062

高等教育学是一个年轻的短时间内即获得繁荣发展的学科,同时也面临着究竟是学科还是研究领域,是经典学科、现代学科还是交叉学科等诸多争议。2021年中国高等教育学会高等教育学专业委员会学术年会开辟“青年学者论坛”,首轮即围绕高等... 详细信息

高等教育学是一个年轻的短时间内即获得繁荣发展的学科,同时也面临着究竟是学科还是研究领域,是经典学科、现代学科还是交叉学科等诸多争议。2021年中国高等教育学会高等教育学专业委员会学术年会开辟“青年学者论坛”,首轮即围绕高等教育学的理论品质与实践旨趣进行研讨。青年学者们认为高等教育知识具有“公共知识”、“领域性知识”、“弱理论”、“实践者思维工具”和“理论库”等属性,并就高等教育理论与实践的关系、高等教育研究的开放性提出相关主张。为提升学科地位,高等教育学既要向其他学科、向实践开放,亦要保持不断发展基本理论的初心。

关键词：高等教育学学科领域理论品质实践旨趣

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大学学习自由的内涵、意义及实现路径

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高等教育研究 2023年第10期44卷 1-12页

作者：阎光才华东师范大学高等教育研究所上海200062

从人的行为角度而言,自主与自由既是个体形成独立意识和具备责任担当能力的前提,也是其获得个性发展和创造力发挥的条件,是关乎人由未成年人到负责任社会公民的成人之道。大学中的学习自由理念,经由德国与美国大学的探索与实践,逐步转... 详细信息

从人的行为角度而言,自主与自由既是个体形成独立意识和具备责任担当能力的前提,也是其获得个性发展和创造力发挥的条件,是关乎人由未成年人到负责任社会公民的成人之道。大学中的学习自由理念,经由德国与美国大学的探索与实践,逐步转化为如今相对稳定的有限学习选择制度,它以专业、课程、辅修项目的选择自由和学习进度的自我掌控,赋予了本科生培养过程的个性化与差异性。受传统的苏联模式影响,我国本科学习自由的空间极为有限,面对工作世界众多不确定性,放权赋能,开放学习选择空间,是中国本科教育模式变革的必然趋势。

关键词：大学自主自由学习自由选修制

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Reveal the lost entanglement for accelerated atoms in the high-dimensional spacetime

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 48-57页

作者： Jiatong yan Baocheng Zhang Qingyu cai School of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Physics Department Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode Island 02912USA Center for Theoretical Physics Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory Hefei 230026China

When atoms are accelerated in the vacuum,entanglement among atoms will degrade compared with the initial situation before the *** this study,we propose a novel and interesting view that the lost entanglement can be recovered completely when the high-dimensional spacetime is exploited,in the case that the acceleration is not too large,since the entanglement loss rate caused by the large acceleration is faster than the recovery *** also calculate the entanglement change caused by the anti-Unruh effect and found that the lost entanglement could just be recovered part by the anti-Unruh effect,and the anti-Unruh effect could only appear for a finite range of acceleration when the interaction time scale is approximately shorter than the reciprocal of the energy gap in two dimensional *** limit case of zero acceleration is also investigated,which gives an analytical interpretation for the increase or recovery of entanglement.

关键词： entanglement acceleration high-dimensional spacetime

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Establishment of submandibular gland allotransplantation model in miniature swine

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第6期119卷 482-487页

作者： GE Xi-yuan YU guang-yan cai Zhi-gang MAO Chi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking UniversitySchool of Stomatology Beijing 100081 China

Background Autologous transplantation of the submandibular gland （SMG） into the temporal fossa with microvascular anastomosis has been successfully applied in severe xerophthalmia patients as a permanent tear substitute. However, severe xerophthalmia can be accompanied by salivary gland dysfunction, making such autotransplantation unsuitable. Therefore, SMG allotransplantation might be a solution. The aim of this study was to assess the technical feasibility of submandibular gland allotransplantation. Methods Twelve miniature swine were randomized to serve as donors or recipients. One SMG was transplanted between a donor and a recipient. The donor SMG was revascularized by microvascular anastomosis of its vascular pedicle to the recipient lingual artery and external jugular vein. The secretory duct was implanted into the vestibule of the mouth through a subcutaneous tunnel. No ilnmunosuppressive agent was administered. The results were assessed by visual inspection of the secretion, and histopathological examination of the transplanted SMG. Results Technically, all surgical procedures were successful. Clear secretion flowed out of the duct as soon as blood supply of the transplanted submandibular gland was reestablished. The secretion of the gland lasted for 5 days. As expected, an acute rejection reaction occurred after surgery because no immunosuppressive agents were used. Secretion from the transplanted SMG ceased within 5 days. Conclusions A model of SMG allotransplantation can be established in miniature swine. The technique of submandibular gland allotransplantation is feasible.

关键词： submandibular gland transplantation miniature swine animal model

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BSEC Method for Unveiling Open Clusters and its Application to Gaia DR3:83 New Clusters

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 169-184页

作者： Zhong-Mu Li cai-yan Mao Institute of Astronomy and Information Dali UniversityDali 671003China

Open clusters(OCs) are common in the Milky Way, but most of them remain undiscovered. There are numerous techniques, including some machine-learning algorithms, available for the exploration of OCs. However, each method has its limitations and therefore, different approaches to discovering OCs hold significant values. We develop a comprehensive approach method to automatically explore the data space and identify potential OC candidates with relatively reliable membership determination. This approach combines the techniques of Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, Gaussian mixture model, and a novel cluster member identification technique, color excess constraint. The new method exhibits efficiency in detecting OCs while ensuring precise determination of cluster memberships. Because the main feature of this technique is to add an extra constraint(EC) for the members of cluster candidates using the homogeneity of color excess,compared to typical blind search codes, it is called Blind Search-Extra Constraint(BSEC) method. It is successfully applied to the Gaia Data Release 3, and 83 new OCs are found, whose color–magnitude diagrams(CMDs) are fitted well to the isochrones. In addition, this study reports 621 new OC candidates with discernible main sequence or red giant branch. It is shown that BSEC technique can discard some false negatives of previous works, which takes about three percentage of known clusters. It shows that as an EC, the color excess(or twocolor) constraint is useful for removing fake cluster member stars from the clusters that are identified from the positions and proper motions of stars, and getting more precise CMDs, when differential reddening of member stars of a cluster is not large(e.g., ΔE(G_(BP)-G_(RP)) < 0.5 mag). It makes the CMDs of 15% clusters clearer(in particular for the region near turnoff) and therefore is helpful for CMD and stellar population studies. Our result suggests that the color excess con

关键词： Galaxy stellar content-(Galaxy:)open clusters and associations general-stars fundamental parameters

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Preparation and characterization of pH-responsive metal-polyphenol structure coated nanoparticles

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1303-1310页

作者： Qile Xia yan Liang Ailing Cao yan Cao Luyun cai Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits Food Science InstituteZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China Ningbo Research Institute College of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityNingbo 315100China School of Biological and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Marine Ranch EquipmentNingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100China College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai UniversityJinzhou 121013China Hangzhou Customs District Hangzhou 310007China

In this paper,tannic acid(TA)and Fe~(3+)were added to form a layer of metal-polyphenol network structure on the surface of the nanoparticles which were fabricated by zein and carbon quantum dots(CQDs)encapsulating phlorotannins(PTN).pH-Responsive nanoparticles were prepared successfully(zein-PTN-CQDs-Fe-~Ⅲ).Further,the formation of composite nanoparticles was confirmed by a series of characterization *** zeta-potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data proved that electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding are dominant forces to form *** encapsulation efficiency(EE)revealed that metal-polyphenol network structure could improve the EE of *** analysis and differential scanning calorimetry experiment indicated the thermal stability of zein-PTN-CQDs-Fe~Ⅲnanoparticles increased because of metal-polyphenol network *** pH-responsive nanoparticles greatly increased the release rate of active substances and achieved targeted release.

关键词： Metal Phlorotannins Nanoparticles pH-Responsive Characterization

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