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Therapeutic approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: past achievements and future challenges

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第2期12卷 125-135页

作者： Jia Xiao Rui Guo Man Lung Fung Emily c Liong george L Tipoe Departments of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Gene and cell Engineering Research center Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Departments of Physiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Research centre of Heart Brain Hormone and Healthy Aging CentreLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong

BAcKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver injury and mortality in Western countries and china. However, as to date, there is no direct and effective therapy for this disease. The aim of this review is to analyze the key progress and challenges of main current therapeutic approaches in NAFLD. DATA SOURcE: We carried out a PubMed search of English-language articles relevant to NAFLD therapy. RESULTS: There are two major therapeutic strategies for NAFLD treatment: (1) lifestyle interventions (including weight reduction, dietary modification and physical exercise) and (2) pharmaceutical therapies. Lifestyle interventions, particularly chronic and moderate intensity exercise, are the most effective and recognized clinical therapies for NAFLD. For pharmaceutical therapies, although their effects and mechanisms have been extensively investigated in laboratory studies, they still need further tests and investigations in clinical human trials. cONcLUSION: Future advancement of NAFLD therapy should focus on the mechanistic studies on cell based and animal models and human clinical trials of exercise, as well as the combination of lifestyle intervention and pharmaceutical therapy specifically targeting main signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation.

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease therapy pharmaceuticals exercise

computational and Structural Investigation of Deleterious Functional SNPs in Breast cancer BRcA2 Gene

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生物工程学报 2008年第5期24卷 851-856页

作者： Rajasekaran R george Priya Doss Sudandiradoss c Ramanathan K Rituraj Purohit Rao Sethumadhavan School of Biotechnology Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Bioinformatics Division Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore 632014Tamil Nadu India.

In this work, we have analyzed the genetic variation that can alter the expression and the function in BRcA2 gene using computational methods. Out of the total 534 SNPs, 101 were found to be non synonymous (nsSNPs). Among the 7 SNPs in the untranslated region, 3 SNPs were found in 5′ and 4 SNPs were found in 3′ un-translated regions (UTR). Of the nsSNPs 20.7% were found to be damaging by both SIFT and PolyPhen server among the 101 nsSNPs investigated. UTR resource tool suggested that 2 SNPs in the 5′ UTR region and 4 SNPs in the 3′ UTR regions might change the protein expression levels. The mutation from asparagine to isoleucine at the position 3124 of the native protein of BRcA2 gene was most deleterious by both SIFT and PolyPhen servers. A structural analysis of this mutated protein and the native protein was made which had an RMSD value of 0.301 nm. Based on this work, we proposed that this most deleterious nsSNP with an SNPid rs28897759 is an important candidate for the cause of breast cancer by BRcA2 gene.

关键词：乳癌治疗方法临床分析基因

Two-level reconstruction of isolated fracture of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus

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World Journal of clinical cases 2014年第6期2卷 219-223页

作者： Vasileios S Nikolaou Dimitrios chytas Evangelos Tyrpenou george c Babis 2~(nd) Orthopaedic Department Athens University

Fractures of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus are typically met in combination with other injuries of the shoulder. case reports of isolated lesser tuberosity fractures are particularly rare and, consequently,therapeutic protocols have not yet been completely clarified. conservative as well as surgical treatment has been recommended, while several operative techniques have been applied. We present a case of a 39-yearold man with an isolated lesser tuberosity fracture who was treated surgically in our institution. Due to fracture comminution, a two-level reconstruction technique with headless screws and buttress plate was applied. As far as we know, this method of fixation of this type of fracture has not been previously described in the *** patient tolerated the procedure well and excellent results were obtained at the latest follow-up.

关键词： Shoulder Humerus Lesser tuberosity Fixation Technique Two-level reconstruction

^(60)co Gamma Irradiation and Annealing Effects on Transport Properties of Antimony Telluride Platelets Grown by Physical Vapor Deposition

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第5期28卷 559-566页

作者： Thankamma george A.G.Kunjomana crystal Research centre Department of Physics Christ University

Physical vapor deposition method was employed to deposit antimony telluride （Sb2Te3） crystals in a dual-zone furnace. The microstructure, surface topography and composition of samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, atomic force and scanning electron microscopy. Seebeck coefficient （Sic）, electrical conductivity （σ⊥c） as well as power factor （PF） were enhanced for pure Sb2Te3 samples upon annealing, and the samples annealed at 473 K exhibited the highest PF of 3.16 × 10^-3 W m-1K-2 with an enhancement of 22% in the figure of merit （Z）. When the delivered dose of 60co gamma radiation was increased from 0 to 30 kGy in the stoichiometric crystals, σ⊥c decreased due to the decrease in mobility. As a result of the increase in S, PF and Z improved by 12.11 and 13.7%, respectively, in the 30 kGy gamma- irradiated crystals. Both RH （BIIc） and S⊥c were positive, suggesting that the prepared Sb2Te3 crystals retained the p-type semiconductivity after these treatments.

关键词： Antimony telluride Physical vapor deposition Irradiation Annealing conductivity Seebeck coefficient

Effects of pulsed radiofrequency on spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury:a report of two cases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第6期12卷 977-980页

作者： Min cheol chang Yun woo cho Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University

Spasticity following spinal cord injury（ScI） results in functional deterioration and reduced quality of life. Herein, we report two ScI patients who presented with good response to pulsed radiofrequency（PRF） for the management of spasticity in the lower extremities. Patient 1（a 47-year-old man） had complete thoracic cord injury and showed a phasic spasticity on the extensor of both knees（3–4 beats clonus per every 30 seconds） and tonic spasticity（Modified Ashworth Scale： 3） on both hip adductors. Patient 2（a 64-yearold man） had incomplete cervical cord injury and showed a right ankle clonus（approximately 20 beats） when he walked. After the application of PRF to both L2 and L3 dorsal root ganglion（DRG）（patient 1） and right S1 DRG（patient 2） with 5 Hz and 5 ms pulsed width for 360 seconds at 45 V under the c-arm guide, all spasticity disappeared or was reduced. Moreover, the effects of PRF were sustained for approximately 6 months with no side effects. We believe that PRF treatment can be useful for patients with spasticity after ScI.

关键词： radiofrequency thoracic tonic pulsed sustained seconds incomplete deterioration dorsal stimulation

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of tea polyphenols in inflammatory bowel diseases

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第3期11卷 502-511页

作者： Van-Long Truong woo-Sik Jeong Food and Bio-industry Research Institute School of Food Science&BiotechnologyCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Korea

Polyphenols,including phenolic acids,flavonoids,and procyanidins,are abundant in food and beverage derived from ***(camellia sinensis)is particularly rich in polyphenols(e.g.,catechins,theaflavins,thearubigins,gallic acid,and flavonols),which are thought to contribute to the health benefits of *** intake of tea polyphenols has been described to prevent and/or attenuate a variety of chronic pathological conditions like cardiovascular diseases,neurodegenerative diseases,diabetes,and *** review focuses on established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of tea polyphenols and underlying mechanisms of their involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).Tea polyphenols act as efficient antioxidants by inducing an endogenous antioxidant defense system and maintaining intracellular redox *** polyphenols also regulate signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB,activator protein 1,signal transducer and activator of transcriptions,and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2,which are associated with IBD *** pieces of evidence have indicated that tea polyphenols enhance epithelial barrier function and improve gut microbial dysbiosis,contributing to the management of inflammatory ***,this study suggests that supplementation of tea polyphenols could prevent inflammatory conditions and improve the outcome of patients with IBD.

关键词： Antioxidant Anti-inflammation Epithelial barrier function Inflammatory bowel diseases Gut microbiota Tea polyphenols

Statin-induced Liver Injury Patterns: A clinical Review

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Journal of clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第3期10卷 543-552页

作者： Leon D.Averbukh Alla Turshudzhyan David c.Wu george Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyAllegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPAUSA Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Since their introduction in 1987,hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMG-coA)inhibitors,more commonly known as statins,have become some of the most widely prescribed medications in the *** generally considered to be safe and well tolerated,statins have been associated with several side effects including mild liver dysfunction manifested by increases in ***,statins have been noted to induce more serious hepatic injury,including liver injury with autoimmune *** literature supports statin induced liver injury presenting in either hepatocellular or cholestatic patterns,though with the former being the prevailing pattern of ***,severe liver injury is uncommon with statin use and is generally reversible without any intervention other than offending statin *** evaluating cases of suspected statininduced liver injury,a complete medical history,laboratory tests including a complete metabolic panel,autoimmune markers,and viral panel,as well as hepatic imaging,are crucial for a complete causality analysis with validated tools such as Roussel Uclaf causality Assessment *** aim of this review is to review the current evidence for statininduced liver injury and cholestasis.

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury Statin cholestatic liver injury Hepatocellular liver injury cholestasis Autoimmune hepatitis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in bacterial proteomics

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Protein & cell 2012年第5期3卷 346-363页

作者： Shirly O.T.curreem Rory M.Watt Susanna K.P.Lau Patrick c.Y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Oral Biosciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Research centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina carol Yu centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)is a gel-based technique widely used for analyzing the pro-tein composition of biological *** is capable of resolving complex mixtures containing more than a thousand protein components into individual protein spots through the coupling of two orthogonal bio-physical separation techniques:isoelectric focusing(first dimension)and polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis(second dimension).2-DE is ideally suited for ana-lyzing the entire expressed protein complement of a bacterial cell:its *** relative simplicity and good reproducibility have led to 2-DE being widely used for exploring proteomics within a wide range of envi-ronmental and medically-relevant *** we give a broad overview of the basic principles and his-torical development of gel-based proteomics,and how this powerful approach can be applied for studying bacterial biology and *** highlight specific 2-DE applications that can be used to analyze when,where and how much proteins are *** links between proteomics,genomics and mass spectrometry are *** explore how proteomics involving tandem mass spectrometry can be used to analyze(post-translational)protein modifications or to identify proteins of unknown origin by de novo peptide *** use of proteome fractionation tech-niques and non-gel-based proteomic approaches are also *** highlight how the analysis of pro-teins secreted by bacterial cells(secretomes or exo-proteomes)can be used to study infection processes or the immune *** review is aimed at non-specialists who wish to gain a concise,compre-hensive and contemporary overview of the nature and applications of bacterial proteomics.

关键词： two-dimensional gel electrophoresis bacte-ria proteomics

Accelerating Falcon Post-Quantum Digital Signature Algorithm on Graphic Processing Units

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computers, Materials & continua 2023年第4期75卷 1963-1980页

作者： Seog chung Seo Sang woo An Dooho choi Kookmin University Seoul02707Korea Telecommunications Technology Association(TTA) Gyeonggi-do13591Korea Korea University Sejong30019Korea

Since 2016,the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)has been performing a competition to standardize post-quantum cryptography(PQc).Although Falcon has been selected in the competition as one of the standard PQc algorithms because of its advantages in short key and signature sizes,its performance overhead is larger than that of other lattice-based *** study presents multiple methodologies to accelerate the performance of Falcon using graphics processing units(GPUs)for server-side *** GPU porting significantly degrades performance because the Falcon reference codes require recursive functions in its sampling ***,an iterative sampling approach for efficient parallel processing is *** this study,the Falcon software applied a fine-grained execution model and reported the optimal number of threads in a thread ***,the polynomial multiplication performance was optimized by parallelizing the number-theoretic transform(NTT)-based polynomial multiplication and the fast Fourier transform(FFT)-based ***,dummy-based parallel execution methods have been introduced to handle the thread divergence *** presented Falcon software on RTX 3090 NVIDA GPU based on the proposed methods with Falcon-512 and Falcon-1024 parameters outperform at 35.14,28.84,and 34.64 times and 33.31,27.45,and 34.40 times,respectively,better than the central processing unit(cPU)reference implementation using Advanced Vector Extensions 2(AVX2)instructions on a Ryzen 95900X running at 3.7 GHz in key generation,signing,and verification,***,the proposed Falcon software can be used in servers managing multiple concurrent clients for efficient certificate verification and be used as an outsourced key generation and signature generation server for Signature as a Service(SaS).

关键词： DSA Falcon GPU cUDA software optimization