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Transition to forefoot strike reduces load rates more effectively than altered cadence

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第3期9卷 248-257页

作者： Erin E.Futrell K.Douglas Gross Darcy Reisman david R.Mullineaux Irene S.davis Department of Physical Therapy Springfield CollegeSpringfieldMA 01109USA Spaulding National Running Center Harvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Physical Therapy MGH Institute of Health ProfessionsBostonMA 02129USA Department of Physical Therapy University of DelawareNewarkDE 19713USA School of Sport and Exercise Science University of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnBrayford PoolLN67TSUK Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Background: Excessive vertical impacts at landing are associated with common running injuries. Two primary gait-retraining interventions aimed at reducing impact forces are transition to forefoot strike and increasing cadence. The objective of this study was to compare the shortand long-term effects of 2 gait-retraining interventions aimed at reducing landing ***: A total of 39 healthy recreational runners using a rearfoot strike and a cadence of 170 steps/min were randomized into cadence(CAD) or forefoot strike(FFS) groups. All participants performed 4 weeks of strengthening followed by 8 sessions of gait-retraining using auditory feedback. Vertical average load rates(VALR) and vertical instantaneous load rates(VILR) were calculated from the vertical ground reaction force curve. Both cadence and foot strike angle were measured using 3D motion analysis and an instrumented treadmill at baseline and at 1 week,1 month, and 6 months post ***: ANOVA revealed that the FFS group had significant reductions in VALR(49.7%) and VILR(41.7%), and changes were maintained long term. Foot strike angle in the FFS group changed from 14.2° dorsiflexion at baseline to 3.4° plantarflexion, with changes maintained long term. The CAD group exhibited significant reduction only in VALR(16%) and only at 6 months. Both groups had significant and similar increases in cadence at all follow-ups(CAD, +7.2% to 173 steps/min;and FFS, +6.1% to 172 steps/min).Conclusion: Forefoot strike gait-retraining resulted in significantly greater reductions in VALR and similar increases in cadence compared to cadence gait-retraining in the short and long term. Cadence gait-retraining resulted in small reductions in VALR at only the 6-month follow-up.

关键词： Foot strike Gait-retraining Physical therapy Running Step rate

Annoyance and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study Involving Two Noise Sources

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第5期5卷 400-407页

作者： Daniel Shepherd david McBride Kim N. Dirks david welch Department of Preventive and Social Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand School of Population Health The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand School of Public Health AUT University Auckland New Zealand

Noise remains a potent degrader of health in many global contexts, capable of inducing severe annoyance and sleep disturbance. An epidemiological study was undertaken to compare noise annoyance and health-related quality of life of individuals residing close to a major international airport or wind turbine complex with those located in demographically matched areas. Results indicate that domains of health-related quality of life may be degraded in those living in areas more likely to induce noise annoyance. Furthermore, the addition of aviation noise to environments already encroached by road noise may induce further annoyance and degradations in health-related quality of life, indicating that one noise sources may not mask the impact of another.

关键词： Aviation Noise Wind Turbine Noise Noise Annoyance Health

Dissection of a rapidly evolving wheat resistance gene cluster by long-read genome sequencing accelerated the cloning of Pm69

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 69-83页

作者： Yinghui Li Zhen-Zhen Wei Hanan Sela Liubov Govta Valentyna Klymiuk Rajib Roychowdhury Harmeet Singh Chawla Jennifer Ens Krystalee Wiebe Valeria Bocharova Roi Ben-david Prerna B.Pawar Yuqi Zhang Samidha Jaiwar Istvan Molnar Jaroslav Dolezel Gitta Coaker Curtis J.Pozniak Tzion Fahima Institute of Evolution University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel The Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel The Institute of Plant Protection Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066China Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Department of Vegetables and Field Crops Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization(ARO)–Volcani CenterRishon Lezion 7505101Israel Department of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Centre of the Region Hana´for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchSlechtitelu 3177900 OlomoucCzech Republic Plant Pathology Department University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Present address:Department of Plant Science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Present address:Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvasar 2462Hungary

Gene cloning in repeat-rich polyploid genomes remains ***,we describe a strategy for overcoming major bottlenecks in cloning of the powdery mildew resistance gene(R-gene)Pm69 derived from tetraploid wild emmer wheat.A conventional positional cloning approach was not effective owing to suppressed *** sorting was compromised by insufficient purity.A Pm69 physical map,constructed by assembling Oxford Nanopore Technology(ONT)long-read genome sequences,revealed a rapidly evolving nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)R-gene cluster with structural variations.A single candidate NLR was identified by anchoring RNA sequencing reads from susceptible mutants to ONT contigs and was validated by virus-induced gene ***69 is likely a newly evolved NLR and was discovered in only one location across the wild emmer wheat distribution range in ***69 was successfully introgressed into cultivated wheat,and a diagnostic molecular marker was used to accelerate its deployment and pyramiding with other R-genes.

关键词： cluster resistance Israel

Storylines of family medicine Ⅹ:standing up for diversity,equity and inclusion

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 89-98页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Wayne W Bryant Jr Mario F Pacheco Edgar Figueroa Francis N Chu Shailendra Prasad david N Blane Na'amah Razon Ranit Mishori Robert L Ferrer Garrett S Kneese Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family and Community Medicine University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA San Jose Family Medicine Residency Kaiser PermanenteSan JoseCaliforniaUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Medical School—Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA School of Health and Wellbeing University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Family and Community Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA Family Medicine Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Family and Community Medicine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA UC San Diego Family Medicine Residency Program San DiegoCaliforniaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅹ:standing up for diversity,equity and inclusion’,authors address the following themes:‘The power of diversity—why inclusivity is essential to equity in healthcare’,‘Medical education for whom?’,‘Growing a diverse and inclusive workforce’,‘Therapeutic judo—an inclusive approach to patient care’,‘Global family medicine—seeing the world“upside down”’,‘The inverse care law‘,‘Social determinants of health as a lens for care’,‘Why family physicians should care about human rights’and‘Toward health equity—the opportunome’.May the essays that follow inspire readers to promote change.

关键词： illustration education family

Association of COVID- 19 with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in children aged 0-5 years in the USA in 2022: a multicentre retrospective cohort study

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2023年第4期11卷 45-55页

作者： Lindsey Wang Pamela B davis Nathan Berger david C Kaelber Nora Volkow Rong Xu Center for Science Healthand SocietyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA Center for Community Health Integration Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education and the Departments ofInternal Medicine Pediatricsand Population and Quantitative Health SciencesMetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOhioUSA National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institute of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA Center for AI in Drug Discovery Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA

Objective To investigate whether COVID-19 infection was associated with increased risk for incident respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infections and associated diseases among young children that might have contributed to the 2022 surge of severe paediatric RSV cases in the *** This is a retrospective population-based cohort *** outcomes were examined,including overall RSV infection,positive lab test-confirmed RSV infection,clinically diagnosed RSV diseases,RSV-associated bronchiolitis and unspecified *** ratio(RR)and 95%CI of the outcomes that occurred during the 2022 and 2021 RSV seasons were calculated by comparing propensity-score matched *** Nationwide multicentre database of electronic health records(EHRs)of 61.4million patients in the USA including 1.7million children 0–5 years of age,which was accessed through TriNetX Analytics that provides web-based and secure access to patient EHR data from hospitals,primary care and specialty treatment *** The study population consisted of 228940 children of 0–5 years with no prior RSV infection who had medical encounters in October *** were replicated in a separate study population of 370919 children of 0–5 years with no prior RSV infection who had medical encounters in July 2021–August 2021 during a non-overlapping time *** For the 2022 study population(average age 2.4 years,46.8%girls,61%white,16%black),the risk for incident RSV infection during October 2022–December 2022 was 6.40%for children with prior COVID-19 infection,higher than 4.30%for the matched children without COVID-19(RR 1.40,95%CI 1.27 to 1.55);and among children aged 0–1year,the overall risk was 7.90%for those with prior COVID-19 infection,higher than 5.64%for matched children without(RR 1.40,95%CI 1.21 to 1.62).For the 2021 study population(average age 2.2 years,46%girls,57%white,20%black),the risk for incident RSV infection during July 2021–December 2021 was 4.85%for childre

关键词： infections matched centre

Time trend and seasonality in medically attended respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in US children aged 0-5 years, January 2010-January 2023

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2023年第4期11卷 36-44页

作者： Lindsey Wang Nathan Berger Pamela B davis david C Kaelber Nora Volkow Rong Xu Center for Science Healthand SocietyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA Center for Community Health Integration Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education and the Departments ofInternal Medicine Pediatricsand Population and Quantitative Health SciencesMetroHealth Medical CenterClevelandOhioUSA National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institute of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA

Objective The long-term time trend and seasonality variations of first-time medically attended respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infections among young children are *** aim to examine the time trend of medically attended first-time RSV infections among young children in the USA from January 2010 through January *** This is a population-based cohort study using electronic health records(EHRs).Monthly incidence rate of medically attended first-time RSV infection(cases per 10000000 person-days).A time-series regression model was used to model and predict time trends and *** Multicenter and nationwide TriNetX Network in the *** The study population comprised children aged 0–5 years who had medical visits during the period of January 2010 to January *** The data included 29013937 medical visits for children aged 0–5 years(46.5%girls and 53.5%boys)from January 2010 through January *** 2010 through 2019,the monthly incidence rate of first-time medically attended RSV infection in children aged 0–5 years followed a consistent seasonal *** patterns of medically attended RSV infections were significantly disrupted during the COVID-19 *** 2020,the seasonal variation disappeared with a peak incidence rate of 20 cases per 1000000 person-days,a decrease of 97.4%from the expected peak rate(rate ratio or RR:0.026,95%CI 0.017 to 0.040).In 2021,the seasonality returned but started 4 months earlier,lasted for 9 months,and peaked in August at a rate of 753 cases per 1000000 person-days,a decrease of 9.6%from the expected peak rate(RR:0.90,95%CI 0.82 to 0.99).In 2022,the seasonal pattern is similar to prepandemic years but reached a historically high rate of 2182 cases per 10000000 person-days in November,an increase of 143%from the expected peak rate(RR:2.43,95%CI 2.25 to 2.63).The time trend and seasonality of the EHR-based medically attended RSV infections are consistent with those of RSV-associated hospital

关键词： infections trend attended

Rapid, cost-effective DNA quantification via a visuallydetectable aggregation of superparamagnetic silicamagnetite nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2014年第5期7卷 755-764页

作者： Qian Liu Jingyi Li Hongxue Liu Ibrahim Tora Matthew S. Ide Jiwei Lu Robert J. davis david L. Green James P. Landers Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road P. O. Box 400319 Charlottesville 22904 Virginia USA Department of Pathology University of Virginia Health Science Center Charlottesville 22908 Virginia USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville 22904 Virginia USA Center for Microsystems forthe Life Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville 22904 Virginia USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Virginia P. O. Box 400745 395 McCormick Road Charlottesville 22904-4745 Virginia USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Virginia. 123 Engineers Way Charlottesville 22904 Virginia USA

DNA and silica-coated magnetic particles entangle and form visible aggregates under chaotropic conditions with a rotating magnetic field, in a manner that enables quantification of DNA by image analysis. As a means of exploring the mechanism of this DNA quantitation assay, nanoscale SiO2-coated Fe304 （Fe3O4@SiO2） particles are synthesized via a solvothermal method. Characterization of the particles defines them to be -200 nm in diameter with a large surface area （141.89 m2/g）, possessing superparamagnetic properties and exhibiting high saturation magnetization （38 emu/g）. The synthesized Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles are exploited in the DNA quantification assay and, as predicted, the nanoparticles provide better sensitivity than commercial microscale Dynabeads for quantifying DNA, with a detection limit of 4 kilobase-pair fragments of human DNA. Their utility is proven using nanoparticle DNA quantification to guide efficient polymerase chain reaction （PCR） amplification of short tandem repeat loci for human identification.

关键词： silica/magnetite core-shell superparamagnetic DNA quantification polymerase chain reaction(PCR)

One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: Biconvergence of Washed Harmonic Series

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2013年第3期3卷 309-316页

作者： Christopher M. davis david G. Taylor Department of Mathematics George Mason University Fairfax USA MCSP Department Roanoke College Salem USA

We examine variations of the harmonic series by grouping terms into “washings” that alternate sign with the number of terms in a washing growing exponentially with respect to a fixed base. The bases x = 1 and x = ∞ correspond to the alternating harmonic series and the usual harmonic series;we first consider other positive integral bases and further we consider positive real number bases with a unique way to make sense of adding a non-integral number of terms together. In both cases, we prove a remarkable result regarding the difference between the upper and lower convergent values of the series, and give some analysis of this behavior.

关键词： Harmonic Series Biconvergence Non-Integer Series

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花生先生砸成酱

商业周刊（中文版） 2012年第6期 22-23页

作者： david welch

卡夫食品旋下的绅士品牌终于开始进军花生酱市场该产品的营销针对成年消费者，“你不会看到花生酱果冻三明治”

关键词：花生酱消费者食品果冻