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Stem Cells and Exosomes-associated Therapeutic Applications

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 232-246页

作者： Usama Ahmed Muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub baqaur rehman Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with sizes from 30 to 150 nm in diameter and modulate the transport of multiple intracellular biological molecules including proteins,nucleic acids,lipids,and *** regulate a large number of cells and are involved in different pathological and physiological activities including carcinogenesis,viral infection,cell-cell communication and immune responses as *** cell-derived exosomes carry many benefits over simple stem cells in the form of easy access,freedom from tumourigenic capabilities,non-infusion toxicity,effortless preservation,and *** have almost the same properties and perform functions effectively in the same way as their parental cells do like adult stem cells and embryonic stem *** to their pluripotent or multipotent abilities,stem cells(SCs)transform into several types of *** addition to other secretions,SC also give exosomes,which in turn shows therapeutic significance for many disorders,including cancer,diabetes mellitus,skin allergies and regenerative *** originating from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have miRNAs,lipids,and proteins that trigger diabetes and cancer situations in *** from SCs(sc-exos)are preferred to SC as there are fewer side effects and other challenges,including effectiveness,drug delivery,lower immunogenicity and *** the current review,we summarize the data from the last 5 years'articles about exosomes and stem cell-derived microvesicles for the therapeutic potential of various diseases such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,diabetes,and Parkinson's disease with clinical challenges and future aspects.

关键词： Stem cells Exosomes Therapeutic Cancer Parkinson Diabetes

Evaluating the Potential of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin for *** UTIs: A Susceptibility Study

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 351-358页

作者： Usama Ahmed Muhammad Zubair baqaur rehman Hafiz Muhammad Sultan Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Institute of Biological Sciences Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Crop Diseases Research Institute(CDRI) National Agricultural Research Centre NARCIslamabadPakistan

This study was designed to find the susceptibility of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin among urinary isolates of *** hundred(400)urine samples were collected for susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin among urinary isolates of *** indoor and outdoor patients'urinary samples yielded growth of ***-stream urine specimens were inoculated on blood agar and CLED agar and incubated at 35±2°*** was observed,and Escherichia coli was identified by Gram staining,Catalase,Motility test and API 20E(Bio murex)as per standard *** susceptibility testing of isolates for nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin was carried out by the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines ATCC *** was used as a quality control strain.A total of 400 samples were tested susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin among urinary isolates of *** during this period.A total of 400 samples yielded the growth of ***,out of which 178(44.5%)were male and 222(55.5%)were female *** males,18(10%)were tolerant to nitrofurantoin,and 2(1.1%)were tolerant to *** females,9(4.09%)were susceptible to nitrofurantoin while 6(2.72%)were susceptible to *** age groups below 45 years old,6(4.76%)were tolerant to nitrofurantoin,and 2(1.58%)were sensitive to *** 46-66 years old,4(2.81%)were sensitive to nitrofurantoin,and 3(2.11%)were sensitive to *** 67-90 years old,17(12.87%)were sensitive to nitrofurantoin,and 4(3.03%)were tolerant to *** and nitrofurantoin showed good susceptibility in urinary isolates of *** and can be used empirically in our setup.

关键词： E.coli Fosfomycin Nitrofurantoin Susceptibility Urinary isolates

Analysis of Genetic Alterations in TP53 Gene in Breast Cancer - A Secondary Publication

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第3期8卷 25-35页

作者： baqaur rehman Muhammad Abubakar Muhammad Naeem Kiani Rooma Ayyoub Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Tumor protein p53 (TP53) mediates DNA repair and cell proliferation in growing cells. The TP53 gene is a tumor suppressor that regulates the expression of target genes in response to multiple cellular stress factors. Key target genes are involved in crucial cellular events such as DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, metabolism, and senescence. TP53 genetic variants and the activity of the wild-type p53 protein (WT-p53) have been linked to a wide range of tumorigenesis. Various genetic and epigenetic alterations, including germline and somatic mutations, loss of heterozygosity, and DNA methylation, can alter TP53 activity, potentially resulting in cancer initiation and progression. This study was designed to screen three reported mutations in the DNA-binding domain of the p53 protein in breast cancer, to evaluate the relative susceptibility and risk associated with breast cancer in the local population. Genomic DNA was isolated from 30 breast tumor tissues along with controls. Tetra and Tri ARMS PCR were performed to detect mutations in the TP53 coding region. For SNPs c.637C>T and c.733C>T, all analyzed cases were homozygous for the wild-type allele ‘C,’ while for SNP c.745A>G, all cases were homozygous for the wild-type allele ‘A.’ These results indicate no relevance of these three SNPs to cancer progression in our study cohort. Additionally, the findings from whole exon sequencing will help to predict more precise outcomes and assess the importance of TP53 gene mutations in breast cancer patients.

关键词： Breast cancer p53 Gene expression Mutation SNPs

Advancing Cancer Stem Cell-Targeted Therapeutic Applications

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 32-45页

作者： Muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub baqaur rehman Muhammad Zubair Usama Ahmed Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan 2Institute of Biological SciencesKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan 3Department of MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China

Cancer stem cells(CSCs),first identified in blood cancers,are increasingly recognized as significant biomarkers and targets in tumor therapy due to their metastatic potential and role in cancer *** research has demonstrated the dedication of scientists in targeting CSCs to explore novel therapeutic *** types of cancer exhibit metastasis,heterogeneity,and resistance to treatment,all of which are influenced by *** cells utilize various transcription factors and signaling pathways to carry out these *** identifying and understanding these pathways,new therapeutic breakthroughs can be ***,targeting cancer stem cells holds great potential and importance in cancer ***,CSCs offer promising avenues for treating otherwise incurable ***,targeting CSCs presents challenges such as immunological rejection and disease *** research into CSCs may reveal new insights in the fight against cancer and ultimately improve human *** review explores the roles of CSCs in cancer development and treatment,aiming to uncover new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Cancer Therapy

Exploring Novel Therapeutic Breakthroughs for Cancers:Potential Roles of miRNAs

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 11-24页

作者： Muhammad Abubakar Rooma Ayyoub baqaur rehman Muhammad Naeem Kiani Usama Ahmed Jawaria Farooq Areeb Anwar Usmani Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060PR China Department of Zoology The Government Sadiq College Women University BahawalpurPakistan Research Coordinator Department of SurgeryAga Khan University and Hospital KarachiPakistan

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNAs,19-25 nucleotides in length,that regulate gene *** are involved in various cellular,biological,and pathological activities,including the development and progression of malignant *** studies have highlighted the significant roles of miRNA deregulation in various cancer types,involving critical pathways such as gene deletions and amplifications,abnormal epigenetic changes,and dysfunctional miRNA regulatory *** can function both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in different *** cancer hallmarks are associated with deregulated miRNAs,including resistance to cell death,metastasis,sustained proliferative signaling,promotion of angiogenesis,and the suppression of growth *** research has demonstrated that miRNAs contribute to drug resistance in tumor cells by targeting genes linked to drug resistance or by influencing genes that regulate the cell cycle,apoptosis,and proliferation.A single miRNA often has tissue-specific regulatory functions and can affect multiple *** miRNA types have been identified as potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and critical targets for novel therapeutic *** review aims to explore the role of miRNAs in cancer progression,metastasis,and potential therapeutic interventions.

关键词： MicroRNAs Cancer Treatment