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A coccidia specific phosphate transporter is essential for parasite growth in Toxoplasma

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A coccidia specific phosphate transporter is essential for p...

中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第一届青年科学家学术论坛

作者： Jian-min Cui bang shen State key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that must scavenge nutrients from hosts to facilitate its survival and growth within host *** the current study,we used transcriptomic analysis to search for proteins that are important for the uptake of key nutrients during intracellular replication of T gondii *** analysis led to the discovery of a novel phosphate transporter PiT2,which is localized to the plasma membrane of the ***2 was predicted to contain 12 transmembranes with a longer N-terminal *** analysis suggested that PiT2 was essential for intracellular growth of the Toxoplasma *** conditional knockout of PiT2 led to parasite death which was rescued by PiT2 *** confirm the phosphate transporting activity of PiT2,it was introduced into a yeast strain that lacked endogenous high affinity phosphate transporters,which displayed growth defect under phosphate deficiency *** results indicated that the poor growth of PAM2 under low phosphate concentrations can be significantly improved by PiT2,suggesting that PiT2 is a bona fide phosphate ***,although phosphate transporters are widely present,phylogenetic analysis indicated that PiT2 was conserved in coccidial parasites,but absent in mammalian animals,suggesting that PiT2 may be a good candidate for drug design.

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Types of uranium deposits in central Zhuguang Mountains in Hunan Province,South China and their metallogenic regularity and prospecting directions

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China Geology 2020年第3期3卷 411-424页

作者： Zhen-hua Xiao shen-bang Xiong Chun-hua Li Ying Liu Zhong-ding Yang Xiao-xi Feng Xue-wen Liu No.302 Brigade of Hunan Nuclear Geology Chenzhou 432000China East China University of Technology Nanchang 330013China Tianjin Center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300170China

The central Zhuguang Mountains in Hunan Province is located at the junction of the three provinces,namely Hunan,Jiangxi,and Guangdong,where the famous Lujing uranium ore field *** uranium deposits occurring in this area are all granite-related and they can be divided into three types,namely endogranitic ones,perigranitic ones,and contact zone *** endogranitic uranium deposits are mainly controlled by the structural alteration zones developing within granites,with fragmentation,hematitization,and alkali metasomatism as their main mineralization *** perigranitic uranium deposits are mainly produced in the carbonaceous,siliceous,and argillaceous composite layers of epimetamorphic rocks and are controlled by fractured zones formed due to interlayer *** contact zone type uranium deposits mainly occur in the contact parts between the granites and favorable *** have developed in favorable sections where multiple sets of structures are combined and *** main metallogenic regularities of uranium in the central Zhuguang Mountains are as *** basic conditions for the uranium mineralization in this area include the framework consisting of regional deep large faults and their associated multi-set multi-direction favorable metallogenic structures,multi-cycle and multi-stage uranium-rich rock masses,and uranium-rich folded ***,the uranium deposits in this area are closely related to granites in terms of genesis and space and they are formed in different structural parts subject to the same ***,based on the summary of the characteristics and regularities of uranium mineralization in this area,the controlling factors of different types of uranium deposits in the area were explored and six metallogenic target areas were *** these will provide references for the exploration of uranium deposits in this area.

关键词： Uranium deposits Magmatic hydrothermal type Metallogenic regularity Mineral exploration engineering Prospecting direction Zhuguang Mountain Hunan Province South China

Nuclear Factor AP2X-4 Governs Toxoplasma Infection and Virulence by Regulating the Expression of Rhoptry Proteins

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Nuclear Factor AP2X-4 Governs Toxoplasma Infection and Virul...

2021中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第16次学术研讨会

作者： Jingwen Zhang Fuqiang Fan Lihong Zhang bang shen State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine in Hubei Province

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous pathogen infecting one third of the world's population and diverse *** has a complex life cycle alternating among different developmental stages,which contributes to its transmission and *** parasite has a sophisticated gene regulation network that enables timely expression of genes at designated ***,little is known about the underlying regulatory *** we identified an AP2 family transcription factor named TgAP2 X-4,which was crucial for tachyzoite(parasite at the acute infection stage)*** or conditional depletion of TgAP2 X-4 severely reduced parasite growth in vitro,which is explained by significantly decreased efficiency of host cell invasion and a modest reduction of intracellular *** analyses suggested that TgAP2 X-4 inactivation resulted in impaired expression of many proteins that traffic to the rhoptry organelle,including RON2,RON4 and RON8 that are key for parasite *** addition,TgAP2 X-4 also regulates a subset of genes that are normally induced during chronic infection,such as BAG1 and *** the diverse targets of TgAP2 X-4,its inactivation led to drastic attenuation of parasite virulence and complete inability to form chronic ***2 X-4 is the first described AP2 factor to be crucial for tachyzoite invasion and growth,and it represents a candidate for antitoxoplasmic drug and vaccine designs.

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Animal diseases and human future

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Animal Diseases 2022年第2期2卷 71-72页

作者： Min Cui bang shen Zhen F.Fu Huanchun Chen State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Department of Pathology College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA

Animals play an important role in our *** human-animal interactions lead to the transmission of zoonotic pathogens between animals and humans,directly threatening human health and societal *** all major public health events that occurred in the last several decades have been closely related to animal ***,60%of human infectious diseases are zoonotic,and 75%of emerging human infectious diseases originate from *** of April 20,2022,the global coronavirus infectious disease19(COVID-19)pandemic caused more than 503 million infections and more than 6.2 million deaths in *** 11 billion doses of vaccines have been given to humans worldwide(WHO 2022).Despite the consensus among international organizations and animal experts that the SARS-CoV-2 originated from animals,the route of transmission between humans and other animals remains ***,it is still a challenge for continually tracing the origin of SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： diseases doses originated

Regulating the expression of bradyzoite specific genes in Toxoplasma gondii by AP2 transcription factors

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Regulating the expression of bradyzoite specific genes in To...

中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第一届青年科学家学术论坛

作者： Jingwen Zhang Lihong Zhang Yanqin Zhou Junlong Zhao bang shen State key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University

A uniqueaspect of Toxoplasma gondii biology is its ability to interconvert between fast replicating tachyzoites and slowly growing bradyzoites,which are responsible for the acute and chronic stages of Toxoplasma infection *** interconversion is key for the transmission and pathogenesis of the *** very little in known about the underlying mechanisms that control this *** this study,we first purified nuclear proteins from tachyzoites and alkaline-induced *** proteomic comparisons identified a number of nuclear proteins that showed abundance difference between those two stages Subsequently we focused on a previously uncharacterized AP2 family transcription factor TgAP2 XII-5,whose transcription was increased at the bradyzoite ***2 XII-5 disruption had no discernible effect on tachyzoite replication but did resulted in a significant growth defect of *** addition,loss of AP2 XII-5 also resulted in a modest attenuation of parasite virulence,which was restored by ***-PCR and RNA-seq analyses indicated that AP2 XII-5 was involved in the regulation of gene expression in *** the bradyzoite specific marker LDH2 as a model,we showed that recombinant the AP2 domain of TgAP2 XII-5 was able to specifically bind to the promoter region of *** together,these results illuminated the roles of TgAP2 XII-5 in regulating bradyzoite gene expression and parasite virulence.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii gene expression differentiation AP2 virulence

Abnormal amylopectin accumulation is detrimental to Toxoplasma virulence and cyst development

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Abnormal amylopectin accumulation is detrimental to Toxoplas...

中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第一届青年科学家学术论坛

作者： Congcong Lyu Xuke Yang Jichao Yang Lun Hou Yanqin Zhou Junlong Zhao bang shen State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine in Hubei Province Huazhong Agricultural University

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous pathogen infecting humans and numerous animals,leading to huge socio-economic *** unique aspect of this parasite that contributes to its transmission and pathogenesis is the ability to interconvert between fast replicating tachyzoites and nearly dormant *** bradyzoites accumulate high levels of amylopectin,which is barely seen in *** its physiological significance is not fully *** we identified a starch synthase (SS) that is key for amylopectin synthesis in *** genetic ablation of this enzyme only modestly affected tachyzoite replication and cyst morphology On the other hand,deletion of SS in the△cdpk2 mutant completely abolished its massive amylopectin accumulation and restored the cyst formation and virulence *** these results suggest that amylopectin synthesis is not required for chronic infection establishment,but its abnormal accumulation is deleterious to parasite virulence and cyst development.

关键词： Toxoplasma chronic infection cyst amylopectin starch synthase

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is important for fatty acid synthesis in Toxoplasma gondii

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The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is important for fatty ac...

中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第一届青年科学家学术论坛

作者： Xiaohan Liang Xuke Yang Ningbo Xia Yaqiong Li Junlong Zhao Nishith Gupta bang shen State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University Institute of Biology Faculty of Life SciencesHumboldt University

Pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH) is a multi-subunit enzyme conserved in all eukaryotes catalyzing the conversion of pyruvate into *** most other eukaryotes that have PDH localized to the mitochondria,apicomplexan parasites harbor a single PDH but it is localized in the apicoplast,where it is thought to generate acetyl-CoA to fuel the type 2 fatty acids synthesis(FAS2) *** Toxoplasma,a common intracellular pathogen of humans and animals,FAS2 is believed to be crucial for parasite growth but the physiological importance of PDH has not been *** this study,we found that Toxoplasma could tolerate the genetic deletion of three PDH subunits(Ela,E2 or E3).Such mutants were able to survive in tissue culture,although with impaired growth,which correlated with a loss of *** labeling on the △pdh-e1 a mutant revealed reduced incorporation of glucose derived carbon into fatty acids with medium-chain lengths(C14:0,C16:0),suggesting a compromised FAS2 ***,all mutants lacking PDH showed a normal virulence in mice,indicating a dispensable role in vivo Together our results demonstrate an unexpectedly nonessential role of PDH in Toxoplasma,while questioning the physiological significance and therapeutic value of FAS2 in this parasite.

关键词： pyruvate dehydrogenase type 2 fatty acid synthesis apicoplast

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纳米级微间距的多波长干涉测量方法

光学精密工程 2005年第Z1期13卷 103-108页

作者：沈邦兴汪威张海波湖北工业大学机械工程学院湖北武汉430068

多波长干涉测量法适用于纳米级微间距的实时动态非接触测量。纳米级间隙之间的空气形成一层具有光学特性的空气薄膜。该空气薄膜的光强反射率是关于入射光波长和薄膜厚度的函数。在多波长干涉法中,以包含多种波长的复合入射光照射薄膜,... 详细信息

多波长干涉测量法适用于纳米级微间距的实时动态非接触测量。纳米级间隙之间的空气形成一层具有光学特性的空气薄膜。该空气薄膜的光强反射率是关于入射光波长和薄膜厚度的函数。在多波长干涉法中,以包含多种波长的复合入射光照射薄膜,入射光被空气薄膜分成2部分,一部分穿过薄膜,另一部分则被反射回来。利用一种特殊的方法测得该薄膜的光强反射率,进而根据薄膜厚度与入射光波长和相应的光强反射率之间的函数关系建立方程组。通过对方程组求解,计算出薄膜的厚度。多波长干涉测量法能够避免移相干涉法中移相器所带来的误差,并且可根据不同波长的光波测出的结果相互校正,提高了测量精度。通过实验对多波长干涉测量法进行了验证,实验结果充分证明了系统设计及理论依据的正确性。

关键词：纳米测量多波长干涉光强反射率

Interactions between Toxoplasma gondii micronemal protein MIC3 and host proteins Spata3 and Dkk2

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Interactions between Toxoplasma gondii micronemal protein MI...

中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第十三次学术研讨会

作者： Yifan Wang Rui Fang Yuan Yuan Ming Pan Min Hu Yanqin Zhou bang shen Junlong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products Ministry of AgricultureHuazhong Agricultural University

As an obligate intracellular protozoan,Toxoplasma gondii is a successful pathogen infecting a variety of animals and *** host infection,micronemal proteins(MICs) are released to parasite surface,where they bind host cells to mediate gliding motility and host-cell *** an adhesin,the micronemal protein MIC3 plays important roles in host cell attachment,as well as modulation of host EGFR signaling ***,the specific host proteins that interact with MIC3 are unknown and the identification of such proteins will increase our understanding of how MIC3 exerts its *** this study,we sought to identify host proteins interacting with MIC3 by yeast two-hybrid *** MIC3 as bait,we screened a library expressing mouse proteins and found five mouse proteins that showed positive interactions with *** of which,spermatogenesis-associated protein 3(Spata3) and dickkopf-related protein 2(Dkk2),were further confirmed to interact with MIC3 both in vitro and in vivo by additional protein-protein interaction *** also found that the tandem repeat EGF domains of MIC3 were critical in mediating the interactions with the identified host *** is the first study to show that MIC3 interacts with host proteins that are involved in reproduction,growth and *** results will help us to better understand the functions of adhesion-associated micronemal proteins in Toxoplasma gondii.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii MIC3 Yeast two-hybrid Dkk2 Spata3