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Assessment of resting energy expenditure in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第4期14卷 802-811页

作者： Shaiane Ferreira Cláudio Augusto Marroni Jessica Taina Stein Roberta Rayn Ana Cristhina Henz Natália P Schmidt Randhall B Carteri Sabrina Alves Fernandes Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Department of Nutrition Centro Universitário Metodista-IPAPorto Alegre 90420-060Brazil Department of Health and Behavior Catholic University of PelotasPelotas 96015-560Brazil

BACKGROUND Malnutrition affects 20%to 50%of patients with *** may be associated with serious complications and has a direct impact on *** energy expenditure(REE)is an important parameter to guide the optimization of therapy and recovery of nutritional status in patients with ***,the REE of patients with cirrhosis is still unclear,casting doubt upon the optimal nutritional management *** To identify the best method that predicts the REE of cirrhotic patients,using indirect calorimetry(IC)as the gold *** An observational study was performed on 90 patients with *** was assessed by IC,bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),and predictive formulas,which were compared using Bland-Altman plots and the Student’s *** REE values measured by IC(1607.72±257.4 kcal)differed significantly from those determined by all other methods(BIA:1790.48±352.1 kcal;Harris&Benedict equation:2373.54±254.9 kcal;IOM equation:1648.95±185.6 kcal;Cunningham equation:1764.29±246.2 kcal),except the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,World Health Organization,and United Nations University(FAO/WHO/UNU)(1616.07±214.6 kcal)and McArdle(1611.30±241.8 kcal)*** found no significant association when comparing IC and 24-h dietary recall among different Child-Pugh classes of *** The IOM and FAO/WHO/UNU equations have the best agreement with the *** results indicate a possibility of different tools for the clinical practice on cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Calorimetry Indirect Energy metabolism Malnutrition

Optimization and evaluation of fish oil rnicrocapsules

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Particuology 2016年第6期14卷 162-168页

作者： Hui Liu lia nyan Wang Tingyuan Yang Guifeng Zhang Jian Huang Jing Sun Junsheng Huo Division of Food Science & Technology National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100050China National Key Lab of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Science Beifing 100190 China

Fish oil microcapsules were prepared using two natural polysaccharides, alginate and chitosan, as the wall materials. A response surface methodology （RSM） was used to optimize the conditions for fish oil encapsulation efficiency （FOEE）. The FOEE was investigated with respect to three key-variables in the RSM： ratio of inner oil phase to aqueous phase （X1 w/w）; concentration of the aqueous phase （X2, wt%）; and ratio of the aqueous phase to outer oil phase （X3, v/v）. The optimal formulation obtained from the RSM model, i.e., 2.7：1 （X1）, 1.6 wt% （X2）, and 11.5：1 （X3）, gave a FOEE of 28%. The model was validated and the fish oil microcapsules prepared under the optimized conditions were characterized in terms of particle size, polydispersity index （PDI）, zeta potential, surface morphology, and in vitro release. The average droplet size, PDI, and zeta potential were 915 nm, 0.038, and ＋5.2 mV, respectively. The fish oil microcapsules were highly uniform microspheres, and had an accumulative release rate of 77.7% in 270 min in a gastrointestinal model, indicating their potential as an alternative carrier for the controlled release of fish oil. In conclusion, formulating optimal microencapsulation conditions by the RSM can be applied to the microencapsulation of various oil-soluble nutrients for food applications.

关键词： Optimization Microencapsulation Fish oil Evaluation Response surface methodology

Antiglycation,antioxidant,antiacne,and photoprotective activities of crude extracts and triterpene saponin fraction of Sapindus saponaria ***:An in vitro study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第9期12卷 391-399页

作者： Regildo M.G.Silva Gustavo R.Martins Laura M.B.Nucci Filipe O.Granero Célia C.M.Figueiredo Patrícia S.Santiago Luciana P.Silva Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Natural Products Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of SciencesHumanities and LanguagesSão Paulo State UniversityAssisSão PauloBrazil Institute of Chemistry São Paulo State UniversityAraraquaraSão PauloBrazil São Paulo State University Campus de RegistroRegistroSão PauloBrazil Fundação Educacional do Município de Assis AssisSão PauloBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the photoprotective,antioxidant,antiglycation,and antiacne activities of crude extract(CESs)and triterpene saponin fraction(TSSs)of Sapindus ***:HPLC-MS purification was performed on a Symmetry TM C18 *** saponins were identified by a UV *** activity was evaluated by DPPH and O_(2)^(−)radicals scavenging,and FRAP and TBARS *** activity was assessed by relative electrophoretic mobility and inhibition of advanced glycation end products(AGEs)***,antiacne activity was determined by inhibition of Cutibacterium acnes,and photoprotective effect was evaluated by Mansur’s ***:Most of the triterpene saponins detected in the fraction by HPLC-MS analysis were hederagenin as the *** and TSSs presented varying antioxidant activity in DPPH(CESs:75.69%and TSSs:83.65%),FRAP(CESs:425.39μM TE/g DW and TSSs:649.36μM TE/g DW),TBARS(CESs:42.96%and TSSs:52.16%)and O_(2)^(−)radicals scavenging(CESs:61.33%and TSSs:86.69%)*** and TSSs also exhibited antiglycation activity comparable to bovine serum albumin treated with *** addition,CESs and TSSs showed inhibition of AGE formation(34.48%and 61.85%,respectively).Antiacne activity against Cutibacterium acnes was observed with a minimum inhibitory concentration equal to minimum bactericidal concentration(CESs:36.11µg/mL and TSSs:18.34µg/mL).In photoprotective assays,CESs and TSSs showed maximum absorbance of 1.42 to 0.20 and 2.80 to 1.30,respectively,in the wavelength range of 260 to 400 ***,CESs and TSSs showed sun protection factors of 8.89 and 14.89,***:Sapindus saponaria fruit extracts show strong antioxidant potential and antiglycation activity against bovine serum albumin glycation and AGE ***,they presented antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes and photoprotective effect against UV-A and UV-B.

关键词： Photoprotective AGE formation Free radical Antioxidant Triterpene saponin Sapindus saponaria

Evaluation of parasitemia by qPCR in patients with chronic Chagas disease treated with benznidazole

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第12期16卷 565-572页

作者： Tycha Bianca Sabaini Pavan Eros Antônio de Almeida rodrigo Gonçalves de Lima Jamiro da Silva Wanderley Luiz Cláudio Martins Sandra Cecília Botelho Costa Gláucia Elisete Barbosa Marcon Departamento de Clínica Médica Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Estadual de Campinas(Unicamp)CampinasSão PauloBrasil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMSBrasil

Objective:To evaluate parasitemia by qPCR in patients undergoing etiological treatment and followed in a Brazilian reference ***:Parasite load was quantified by qPCR in 32 participants with chronic Chagas disease who were treated with *** analyses were performed before and after the treatment and parasite loads were compared prior and 12/18 months post the ***:Thirty-two participants were recruited and treated with benznidazole,and 20 were *** events(AE)were observed in 22 out of 29 participants that had safety data(76%),and dermatological alterations were the most frequently observed *** the 20 participants analyzed,13 and 7 completed 12 and 18 months follow-up after the treatment,respectively.12 Months after the final treatment,Trypanosoma cruzi was detectable in 3 patients by qPCR;18 months after the final treatment,Trypanosoma cruzi was detectable per qPCR in 4 of the 7 ***,between 12 and 18 months,7 participants of the 20 initial follow-up cases showed positive qPCR,indicating treatment ***:qPCR can be used as an alternative method for evaluating the effectiveness of the etiological treatment of CD,and can be applied to analyze early therapeutic *** study showed that benznidazole therapy had limited effectiveness in treating chronic CD patients,thus emphasizing the importance of conducting continued research for developing more effective therapies and diagnosis for CD.

关键词： Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas disease Antitrypanosomal therapy Benznidazole qPCR Therapeutic failure

Inside the Light Boojums: a Journey to the Land of Boundary Defects

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2020年第2期36卷 128-160页

作者： Stan Alama lia Bronsard petru Mironescu Department of Mathematics&Statistics McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4K1 Canada Universit'e de Lyon CNRS UMR 5208Universit´e Lyon 1Institut Camille Jordan43 blvd.du 11 Novembre 1918F-69622 Villeurbanne CedexFrance

We consider minimizers of the energy Eε(u)=:∫Ω[1/2|■u|^2+1/4ε2(|u|^2-1)^2]dx+1/2ε^s∫■ΩW(u,g)ds,u:Ω→■,0-cosα)^2,0 详细信息

We consider minimizers of the energy Eε(u)=:∫Ω[1/2|■u|^2+1/4ε2(|u|^2-1)^2]dx+1/2ε^s∫■ΩW(u,g)ds,u:Ω→■,0-cosα)^2,0perture,centered at the normal vector to the *** the regime where s[α^2+(π-α)^2]<π^2/2,any limiting map u*:Ω→S^1 has only boundary vortices,where its phase jumps by either 2α(light boojums)or 2(π-α)(heavy boojums).Our main result is the fine-scale description of the light boojums.

关键词： Nematics thin-film limit Ginzburg-Landau type energy weak anchoring boundary vortices asymptotic profile

Self-assembled peG-b-PDPA-b-PGEM copolymer nanoparticles as protein antigen delivery vehicles to dendritic cells:preparation,characterization and cellular uptake

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2017年第1期4卷 11-20页

作者： Pan Li Junhui Zhou Pingsheng Huang Chuangnian Zhang Weiwei Wang Chen lia Deling Kong Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research Institute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300192China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Antigen uptake by dendritic cells(DCs)is a key step for initiating antigen-specific T cell *** the present study,novel synthetic polymeric nanoparticles were prepared as antigen delivery vehicles to improve the antigen uptake by ***-defined cationic and acid-responsive copolymers,monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-(diisopropyl amino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(2-(guanidyl)ethyl methacrylate)(mpeG-b-PDPA-b-PGEM,peDG)were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate and N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino ethyl methacrylate monomers,followed by deprotection of tert-butyl protective groups and guanidinylation of obtained primary amines.1H NMR,13C NMR and GPC results indicated the successful synthesis of well-defined peDG *** copolymers could self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous solution,which were of cationic surface charges and showed acid-triggered disassembly contributed by PGEM and PDPA moieties,***,peDG nanoparticles could effectively condense with negatively charged model antigen ovalbumin(OVA)to form OVA/peDG nanoparticle formulations with no influence on its secondary and tertiary structures demonstrating by far-UV circular dichroism and UV-vis *** vitro antigen cellular uptake by bone marrow DCs(BMDCs)indicated using peDG nanoparticles as antigen delivery vehicles could significantly improve the antigen uptake efficiency of OVA compared with free OVA or the commercialized Alum ***,as the surface cationic charges of OVA/peDG nanoparticle formulations reduced,the uptake efficiency decreased ***,our work suggests that guanidinylated,cationic and acid-responsive peDG nanoparticles represent a new kind of promising antigen delivery vehicle to DCs and hold great potential to serve as immunoadjuvants in the development of vaccines.

关键词： guanidyl synthetic copolymer nanoparticles antigen delivery dendritic cells

How reliable is the ReaxFF potential for describing the structure of alkanethiols on gold?A molecular dynamics study

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第S1期5卷 137-145页

作者： Velachi Vasumathi José Luis Cagide Fajin Maria Natália Dias Soeiro Cordeiro REQUIMTE Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of PortoRua do Campo Alegre 6874168-007PortoPortugal

The structures of self-assembled monolayers(Sams)of short(methyl)and long(hexyl)chain alkyl thiols on the clean gold(111)surface were modeled using for the Au–S interactions either the reactive ReaxFF potential or the well-known nonreactive Morse potential,while for the Au–Au interactions either the ReaxFF potential or an embeddedatom method(Eam).Analysis of the molecular dynamics(MD)trajectories of possible Sam structures suggests that disordering of interfacial Au atoms is definitely driven by the gold–sulphur *** MD results reveal a novel structure where two methanethiol molecules are bound to a gold adatom that has been lifted from the surface at 300 K,and the same kind of RS–Au–SR motif was also observed for hexanethiol at 600 K but not at 300 *** is more,the above motif is only observed for the reactive ReaxFF ***,these results are in clear agreement with recent experiments and more costly first principles-based MD *** findings strongly support the use of reactive potentials such as ReaxFF for gathering an accurate description of Au–S interactions in inexpensive classical MD simulations.

关键词： Reactive potential alkanethiols self-assembled monolayers gold surface MD simulations

A survey of executive compensation contracts in China's listed companies

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2013年第3期6卷 211-231页

作者： Yubo lia Fang Lou Jiwei Wang Hongqi Yuan Sydney Institute of Language and Commerce Shanghai University School of Economics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics School of Accountancy Singapore Management University School of Management Fudan University

We analyze 228 executive compensation contracts voluntarily disclosed by Chinese listed firms and find that central-government-controlled companies disclose more information in executive compensation contracts than localgovernment-controlled and non-government-controlled companies. Cashbased payments are the main form of executive compensation, whereas equity-based payments are seldom used by Chinese listed companies. On average, there are no significant differences in the value of basic salaries and performance-based compensation in executive compensation ***, compared with their counterparts in non-government-controlled companies, executives in government-controlled companies are given more incentive compensation. Accounting earnings are typically used in executive compensation contracts, with few firms using stock returns to evaluate their executives. However, the use of non-financial measures has increased significantly since 2007.

关键词： Executive compensation Voluntary disclosure Incent

Hydrocarbons in particulate samples from wildfire events in central Portugal in summer 2010

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 122-131页

作者： Ana Vicente Ana Calvo Ana P.Fernandes Teresa Nunes Cristina Monteiro Casimiro Pio Célia Alves Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESam) Department of EnvironmentUniversity of Aveiro Department of Physics IMARENABUniversity of León

In summer 2010, twenty eight （14 PM=2.5 samples plus 14 samples PM2.5-10） smoke samples were collected during wildfires that occurred in central Portugal. A portable high-volume sampler was used to perform the sampling, on quartz fibre filters of coarse （PM=2.5-10） and fine （PM2.5） smoke samples. The carbonaceous content （elemental and organic carbon） of particulate matter was analysed by a thermal-optical technique. Subsequently, the particulate samples were solvent extracted and fractionated by vacuum flash chromatog- raphy into three different classes of organic compounds （aliphatics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and carbonyl compounds）. The organic speciation was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Emissions were dominated by the fine particles, which represented around 92% of the PM10. A clear predominance of carbonaceous constituents was observed, with organic to elemental carbon （OC/EC） ratios ranging between 1.69 and 245 in both size fractions. The isoprenoid ketone 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, a tracer for secondary organic aerosol formation, was one of the dominant constituents in both fine and coarse particles. Retene was the most abundant compound in all samples. Good correlations were obtained between OC and both aliphatic and PAH compounds. Pyrogenic processes, thermal release of biogenic com- pounds and secondary processing accounted for 97% of the apportioned PM2.5 levels.

关键词： WildfiresOrganic carbonOrganic compoundsBiomarkersParticulate matterPortugal