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Central role of altered phosphodiesterase 2-dependent signaling in the pathophysiology of cognition-based brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2302-2303页

作者： Asma Boulksibat alessandra Tempio Barbara Bardoni Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR7275Inserm U1323ValbonneFrance

The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular *** the brain,these processes include neurogenesis,neuronal differentiation,activation and function of microglia,and synaptic plasticity,finally resulting in memory formation.

关键词： formation processes finally

Phosphodiesterase 9 localization in cytoplasm and nucleus:the gateway to selective targeting in neuroprotection?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1701-1702页

作者： Giovanni Ribaudo Matteo Giannangeli Margrate Anyanwu alessandra Gianoncelli Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of BresciaBresciaItaly

The umbrella term"neurodege ne rative disorders"(NDDs) refers to several conditions characterized by a progressive loss of structure and function of cells belonging to the nervous *** diseases affect more than 50million people *** disorders are characterized by sundry factors and pathophysiological mechanisms that a re challenging to be fully *** of these rely on cell signaling pathways to preserve homeostasis,involving second messengers such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate(cGMP).Their ability to control the duration and amplitude of the signaling cascade is given by the presence of several common and uncommon *** kinases A and G (PKA and PKG),phosphodiesterases (PDEs),and scaffold proteins are among them.

关键词： gateway homeostasis preserve

A novel solution treatment and aging for powder bed fusion-laser beam Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy:Microstructural and mechanical characterization

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 414-424页

作者： Gianluca Pirro alessandra Martucci Alessandro Morri Mariangela Lombardi Lorella Ceschini Department of Industrial Engineering(DIN) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of BolognaBologna 40136Italy Department of Applied Science and Technology(DISAT) Politecnico di TorinoTorino TO 10129Italy

Ti-6Al-4Zr-2Sn-6Mo alloy is one of the most recent titanium alloys processed using powder bed fusion-laser beam(PBF-LB)*** alloy has the potential to replace Ti-6Al-4V in automotive and aerospace applications,given its superior mechanical properties,which are approximately 10%higher in terms of ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and yield strength after appropriate heat *** as-built conditions,the alloy is characterized by the presence of soft orthorhombicα″martensite,necessitating a postprocessing heat treatment to decompose this phase and enhance the mechanical properties of the ***,PBFed Ti6246 components undergo an annealing process that transforms theα″martensite into anα-βlamellar *** primary objective of this research was to develop a solution treatment and aging(STA)heat treatment tailored to the unique microstructure produced by the additive manufacturing process to achieve an ultrafine bilamellar microstructure reinforced by precipitation *** study investigated the effects of various solution temperatures in theα-βfield(ranging from 800 to 875℃),cooling media(air and water),and aging time to determine the optimal heat treatment parameters for achieving the desired bilamellar *** each heat treatment condition,differentα-βmicrostructures were found,varying in terms of theα/βratio and the size of the primaryα-phase *** attention was given to how these factors were influenced by increases in solution temperature and how microhardness correlated with the percentage of the metastableβphase present after *** tests were performed on samples subjected to the most promising heat treatment parameters.A comparison with literature data revealed that the optimized STA treatment enhanced hardness and UTS by13%and 23%,respectively,compared with those of the annealed *** surface analyses were conducted to investigate fracture mechanisms.

关键词： powder bed fusion-laser beam titanium alloys heat treatments mechanical properties fractographic analysis

Combined use of lactoferrin and vitamin D as a preventive and therapeutic supplement for SARS-CoV-2 infection: Current evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第32期10卷 11665-11670页

作者： Massimiliano Cipriano Enzo ruberti Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone Department of Laparoscopic Surgery Umberto I General HospitalMedical School Sapienza UniversityRome 161Italy Department of Human Neuroscience Sapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy Department of Research Analytics Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai 600077India

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein that exhibits anti-inflammatory,immune regulating and anti-infective *** of its receptor sites is located on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** binding of lactoferrin with heparin sulfate proteoglycans may prevent the first contact between the virus and host cells,thus preventing subsequent *** that lactoferrin may act as a natural mucosal barrier,an intranasal treatment together with its oral intake can be hypothesized to prevent the spread,infection and inflammation caused by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Moreover,the literature reports that vitamin D plays an essential role in promoting immune *** its antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory properties,vitamin D is critical for activating the immune system’s defenses,improving immune cell *** studies also demonstrate that lactoferrin is a potential activator of the vitamin D *** this sense,the combined use of lactoferrin(through an association of oral intake and a nasal spray formulation)and vitamin D could represent a valuable therapy for COVID-19 treatment and ***,further randomized clinical trials are needed before recommending/prescribing them.

关键词： Lactoferrin Vitamin D SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Pandemics

Cluster-Based Nearest-Neighbour Classifier and Its Application on the Lightning Classification

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第4期23卷 573-581页

作者： Loris Nanni alessandra Lumini DEIS IEIIT-CNRUniversità di BolognaViale Risorgimento 240136 Bologna

The problem addressed in this paper concerns the prototype generation for a cluster-based nearest-neighbour classifier. It considers, to classify a test pattern, the lines that link the patterns of the training set and a set of prototypes. An efficient method based on clustering is here used for finding subgroups of similar patterns with centroid being used as prototype. A learning method is used for iteratively adjusting both position and local-metric of the prototypes. Finally, we show that a simple adaptive distance measure improves the performance of our nearest-neighbour-based classifier. The performance improvement with respect to other nearest-neighbour-based classifiers is validated by testing our method on a lightning classification task using data acquired from the Fast On-orbit Recording of Transient Events （FORTE） satellite, moreover the performance improvement is validated through experiments with several benchmark datasets. The performance of the proposed methods are also validated using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test.

关键词： nearest-neighbour classifier clustering adaptive distance

FISSION1A, an Arabidopsis Tail-Anchored Protein, Is Localized to Three Subcellular Compartments

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Molecular Plant 2014年第8期7卷 1393-1396页

作者： Cristina ruberti Alex Costa Emanuela Pedrazzini Fiorella Lo Schiavo Michela Zottini Department of Biology University of Padua Via U. Bassi 58/B I-35131 Padua Italy MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University 612 WilsonRoad East Lansing MI 48824 USA Department of Biosciences University of Milan Via G. Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy Institute of Biophysics National Research Council (CNR) Via G. Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council (CNR) via Bassini 15 I-20133 Milan Italy

Dear Editor, The multiple targeting proteins that have been described in yeast, mammals, and plants have generated intriguing areas of inquiry, including the evolutionary relevance of common proteins shared by different organelles, the mechanisms that determine targeting to each organelle, and, finally, the extent of this phenomenon. Several dual-targeted proteins have been identified in eukaryotic cells.

关键词： @@

Pollen Tube Growth: a Delicate Equilibrium Between Secretory and Endocytic Pathways

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第8期51卷 727-739页

作者： alessandra Moscatelli Aurora Irene Idilli Dipartimento di Biologia L. Gorini Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 26 20133 Milano Italy

Although pollen tube growth is a prerequisite for higher plant fertilization and seed production, the processes leading to pollen tube emission and elongation are crucial for understanding the basic mechanisms of tip growth. It was generally accepted that pollen tube elongation occurs by accumulation and fusion of Golgi-derived secretory vesicles （SVs） in the apical region, or clear zone, where they were thought to fuse with a restricted area of the apical plasma membrane （PM）, defining the apical growth domain. Fusion of SVs at the tip reverses outside cell wall material and provides new segments of PM. However, electron microscopy studies have clearly shown that the PM incorporated at the tip greatly exceeds elongation and a mechanism of PM retrieval was already postulated in the mid-nineteenth century. Recent studies on endocytosis during pollen tube growth showed that different endocytic pathways occurred in distinct zones of the tube, including the apex, and led to a new hypothesis to explain vesicle accumulation at the tip; namely, that endocytic vesicles contribute substantially to V-shaped vesicle accumulation in addition to SVs and that exocytosis does not involve the entire apical domain. New insights suggested the intriguing hypothesis that modulation between exo- and endocytosis in the apex contributes to maintain PM polarity in terms of lipid/protein composition and showed distinct degradation pathways that could have different functions in the physiology of the cell. Pollen tube growth in vivo is closely regulated by interaction with style molecules. The study of endocytosis and membrane recycling in pollen tubes opens new perspectives to studying pollen tube-style interactions in vivo.

关键词： endocytosis exocytosis membrane recycling polarized growth pollen tube

Pesticides: An Overview of the Current Health Problems of Their Use

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第8期9卷 1-20页

作者： Raffaella Leoci Marcello ruberti Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant (D.E.T.O.) Section of Veterinary and Animal Production University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Bari Italy Department of Economic Sciences University of Salento Lecce Italy

The necessity to produce increasing quantities of food to meet the demand of ever-increasing populations has led to the massive use of pesticides in agriculture. Their massive consumption derives from the need to subtract food from competition of fungi, bacteria, and insects and agricultural land from the invasion of competing weeds. Modern agriculture floats on an ocean of synthetic chemical compounds used to crop protection and food preservation during storage. Presently, worldwide about 2000 active ingredients have been listed, categorized into about 60 classes of chemicals. In the world, the overall pesticides, used in agriculture, are about 4.1 million tonnes/years. The exposure of animals and humans to pesticides could be related to neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, liver and kidney damage, cancer, reproductive effects (sperm abnormalities, decreased fertility, fetal growth retardation, birth defects, or spontaneous abortion), and growth modifications. However, the knowledge about their potential damage to the organs of reproduction, breastfeeding, and infants is still largely insufficient. It is necessary to improve new methods to identify and regulate the long-term safety of pesticides use, to protect the environment and health, and to eliminate the adverse effect of pesticides on the environment and non-target organisms. The assessment of possible risks of old and new pesticides must be increased to include the possible effects on reproduction on animals and pregnancy loss even after a long time. In the meantime, it is necessary to minimize the use of synthetic chemical compounds by increasing the use of biological systems.

关键词： Pesticides Environment Animals Humans Health

Polymerization of 1,3-Butadiene with Catalysts Based on Cobalt Dichloride Complexes with Aminophosphines: Switching the Regioselectivity by Varying the MAO/Co Molar Ratio

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 501-510页

作者： Giovanni Ricci Anna Sommazzi Francesco Masi alessandra Forni CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari“Giulio Natta”(SCITEC) via A.Corti 1220133MilanoItaly Viale Giovanni XXIII 34 I-28100NovaraNOItaly Via Galvani 7 I-26866Sant’Angelo LodigianoLOItaly CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari“Giulio Natta”(SCITEC) via C.Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly

Several novel cobalt dichloride complexes with amino-phosphine bidentate ligands were synthesized and *** some of them single crystals were obtained and their molecular structure was determined by X-ray diffraction *** the complexes were then used in combination with MAO for the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene,obtaining polymers with different structures(i.e.,predominantly 1,2 or cis-1,4)mainly depending on the type of ligand and on the MAO/Co molar *** behavior of these novel catalysts was compared with that exhibited,in the polymerization of the same monomer,by the systems CoCl_(2)(PR3)2-MAO and CoCl_(2)(PRPh2)2-MAO(R=alkyl or cycloalkyl group),and by the systems based on cobalt dichloride complexes with various bi-and tridentate ligands(e.g.,diphosphines,bis-imines,pyridyl-imines,bis-iminopyridines).The comparison between the different systems allowed us to make some clarity about the actual and effective role played by the various types of ligands in the polymerization of conjugated dienes with catalytic systems CoCl_(2)(L)-MAO,in which L=mono-,bi-,or tri-dentate ligand.

关键词： 1,3-Butadiene Stereospecific polymerization Cobalt catalysts Regioselectivity Aminophosphine ligands Crystal structures Chelate rings