Replace Psychometric Inferences with Direct Brain Measurements: LORETA Reflects Traditional Cerebral Loci for Neuropsychological Tests
Replace Psychometric Inferences with Direct Brain Measurements: LORETA Reflects Traditional Cerebral Loci for Neuropsychological Tests作者机构：Clinical Neuropsychology Laboratory Laurentian University Sudbury Canada Behavioural Neuroscience Program Laurentian University Sudbury Canada Department of Psychology Laurentian University Sudbury Canada Biomolecular Sciences Program Laurentian University Sudbury Canada
出 版 物：《Neuroscience & Medicine》 (神经系统科学与医药（英文）)
年 卷 期：2015年第6卷第3期
页 面：107-115页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
主 题：s-LORETA Neuropsychological Tests Category Test Conditioned Spatial Association Test Design Fluency Test Seashore Rhythm Test Speech Sounds Rhythm Test
摘 要：Inferences of subtle cerebral injury and dysfunction have been historically dependent upon psychometric tests from which clinical neuropsychological profiles are generated. In addition to being secondary, over-inclusive and crude indicators of cerebral activity, psychometric tests are subject to economic incentives to “re-norm traditional methods under the pretense of “ensuring contemporary representations that are sanctioned by regulating organizations dominated by agendas of control over the interpretations of clinicians. The validity of neuropsychological tests is essential for their perspicacious application and interpretations. We measured the quantitative electroen-cephalographic profiles and calculated s-LORETA (standardized Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography) profiles in real time for normal men and women while they engaged in both traditional and novel neuropsychological tests that were employed to infer localized brain injury. Conspicuous alterations in source current density within specific frequency bands occurred within various regions of the right prefrontal region during performance of the Category, Design Fluency and Conditioned Spatial Association Test, the prefrontal medial surface during Toe Graphaesthesia, the caudal medial surface during Toe Gnosis, the left temporal region during Speech-Sounds, and within the right retrosplenial-parahippocampal region for Seashore Rhythms. Results supported the well established regional associations with the classic neuropsychological tests, verified the cerebral localization with more recent procedures, and emphasized the utility of modern real-time, direct cerebral imaging procedures.
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