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Responses of Plant Community and Soil Properties to Inter-Annual Precipitation Variability and Grazing Durations in a Desert Steppe in Inner Mongolia

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1171-1182页

作者： WANG Zhen YUN Xiang-jun WEI Zhi-jun Michael P Schellenberg WANG Yun-feng YANG Xia HOU Xiang-yang grassland Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of grassland science College of Ecology and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural University Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center (SPARC) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Grazing can dramatically affect arid grassland communities that are very vulnerable to environmental changes due to its relatively short and sparse ground coverage, low biomass, sandy soil and inter-annual precipitation found in the desert steppe. The study investigates the effects of different grazing durations on vegetation and soil properties of a desert steppe community. The experiment was conducted in Xisu Banner in Inner Mongolia with ifve treatments：CG （continuous grazing）, 40UG （40 d ungrazed）, 50UG （50 d ungrazed）, 60UG （60 d ungrazed） and UG （ungrazed）. The biomass of both shrub and annual-biennial plant communities were signiifcantly decreased by CG. Continuous grazing and 40UG signiifcantly reduced the ANPP （aboveground net primary productivity） by the end of the three year study. 60UG treatment increased soil organic carbon （OC）, total nitrogen concentration （TN） and total phosphorus concentration （TP） concentrations and 50UG increased the TN and total phosphorus concentration （TK） concentrations, whereas CG, 40UG and 50UG decreased soil OC, TP and available phosphorus concentration （AP） concentrations. The perennial plant species of the desert steppe were generally tolerant for grazing. The annual-biennial plant species had large variability in ANPP because of the inter-annual precipitation. Our results highlight that inter-annual precipitation variations could strongly modify the community responses to grazing in arid ecosystems.

关键词： ANPP plant species plant fimctional group soil nutrient

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Effect of genotype on duodenal expression of nutrient transporter genes in dairy cows

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 145-153页

作者： Sinéad M Waters Kate Keogh Frank Buckley David A Kenny Teagasc animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo.MeathIreland Teagasc animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre MooreparkFermoyCo CorkIreland

Background： Studies have shown clear differences between dairy breeds in their feed intake and production efficiencies. The duodenum is critical in the coordination of digestion and absorption of nutrients. This study examined gene transcript abundance of important classes of nutrient transporters in the duodenum of non lactating dairy cows of different feed efficiency potential, namely Holstein-Friesian （HF）, Jersey （JE） and their F1 hybrid. Duodenal epithelial tissue was collected at slaughter and stored at -80℃. Total RNA was extracted from tissue and reverse transcribed to generate cDNA. Gene expression of the following transporters, namely nucleoside amino acid; sugar; mineral; and lipid transporters was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Data were statistically analysed using mixed models ANOVA in SAS. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test for potential heterotic effects and spearman correlation coefficients calculated to determine potential associations amongst gen, expression values and production efficiency variables. Results： While there were no direct effects of genotype on expression values for any of the genes examined, there was evidence for a heterotic effect （P 〈 0.05） on ABCGS, in the form of increased expression in the F1 genotype compared to either of the two parent breeds. Additionally, a tendency for increased expression of the amino acid transporters, SLC3A1 （P= 0.072）, SLC3A2 （P= 0.081） and SLC6A 14 （P= 0.072） was also evident in the F1 genotype. A negative （P 〈 0.05） association was identified between the expression of the glucose transporter gene SLCSA1 and total lactational milk solids yield, corrected for body weight. Positive correlations （P 〈 0.05） were also observed between the expression values of genes involved in common transporter roles. Conclusion： This study suggests that differences in the expression of sterol and amino acid transporters in the duodenum could contribute towards the documented differences in feed effic

关键词： Bovine Duodenum Gene expression Nutrient transporters

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Expression Pattern of IGF-I Gene and Correlation between Its SNPs and Growth Traits in Sheep

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animal Husbandry and Feed science 2015年第1期7卷 1-6页

作者： Zhou Mingliang Zhang Xiangyu Qi Songzhi Wang Qi Wu Dengjun Yang Pinggui Sichuan academy of grassland science Sichuan academy of animal Husbandry College of animal science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University

This study was to investigate the expression pattern of IGF-I gene and correlation between its SNPs and growth traits in *** expression patterns of IGF-I gene in brain,muscle,skin,liver and heart of Liangshan semi-wool sheep were detected at six growth stages（15,60,105,195,240 days） by employing qRT-PCR approach,and the correlation between SNPs of IGF-I gene and growth traits via SSCP *** first inflection point of IGF-I gene expression was observed at day 105 in all five *** 15-105 days IGF-I gene gave a decline-ascending trend in muscle,brain and liver,while it did not vary significantly during day 15-day 60 and was up-regulated in heart and liver at day ***,the expression level was down-regulated in liver,while that in muscle,heart,brain and skin assumed the second inflection *** expression levels of IGF-I gene in brain and skin at day 195 were significantly higher than that at day 150 and day *** suggest the synchronous expression of IGF-I gene in all five *** SNPs located at the leader region and exon 3 of IGF-I gene were middle or low *** SNP locus detected with primer P-1 was significantly correlated with birth weight of Liangshan semi-wool sheep（P 〈0.05）,while that detected with primer P-2 was significantly correlated with weaning weight and the weaning daily gain（P 〈 0.05）.The expression of IGF-I in all tissues had the similar developmental patterns,and strong correlation of the SNPs of IGF-I gene was confirmed with the eary growth traits to provide theoretical basis for the growth regulation and applying to assisted selective breeding with the SNPs in liangshan semi-wool sheep.

关键词： Liangshan semi-wool sheep IGF-I gene Growth traits SNPs

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Adsorptive property of Cu^(2+)-loaded montmorillonite clays for Escherichia coli K_(88) in vitro

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2011年第11期23卷 1808-1815页

作者： Tong Guo Shoujun Cao Rui Su Zhiqiang Li Ping Hu Zirong Xu Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture Beijing 102442China College of animal science the Key Laboratory of Molecular animal Nutrition Ministry of Education Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029China College of Chemical Engineer and Environment North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China College animal science and Technology Institute of Grassland ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100093China

The adsorption properties of Cu 2＋ -loaded montmorillonite clays （MMT-Cu） for Escherichia coli K 88 as a function of time,bacteria concentrations,pH,ionic strength and temperature were *** results showed that the bacteria adsorption onto MMT-Cu surface reached equilibrium after 90 *** percentages of *** K 88 adsorbed onto the surfaces of MMT-Cu and montmorillonite clays （MMT） at equilibrium were 88.9% and 56.5%,*** electron microscopy revealed that a lot of *** K 88 adhered to the surface of *** zeta potential of MMT-Cu was relatively high as compared to that of *** adsorptive ability of MMT-Cu for *** K 88 was higher than that of MMT （P 0.05）.Moreover,pH,ionic strength and temperature produced a strong influence on the extent of *** K 88 adsorption to surface of MMT-Cu and *** mechanism of adsorption of *** onto MMT-Cu may involve electrostatic attraction and physiochemical properties of bacterial cell walls and minerals surfaces.

关键词： Cu2+-loaded montmorillonite clays adsorption Escherichia coli K88

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A new species of Kurixalus(Anura, Rhacophoridae)from Guizhou, China

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Zoological Research 2021年第2期42卷 227-233页

作者： Juan Zeng Ji-Shan Wang Guo-Hua Yu Li-Na Du Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilinGuangxi 541004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered animal Ecology College of Life ScienceGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinGuangxi 541004China Kunming College of Life science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Kunming Institute of Survey and Design State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationKunmingYunnan 650216China

DEAR EDITOR,We describe a new species of the genus Kurixalus, Kurixalus raoi sp. nov., from Guizhou Province, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Phylogenetically, the new species is sister to K. idiootocus, but is distinguishable from all known congeners by a combination of the following characters: small body size(snout-vent length 28.2-32.2 mm in males;38.6 mm in female);snout rounded.

关键词： Guizhou sister characters

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Genetic analysis of walnut cultivars from southwest China:Implications for germplasm improvement

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Plant Diversity 2022年第6期44卷 530-541页

作者： Moses C.Wambulwa Peng-Zhen Fan Richard Milne Zeng-Yuan Wu Ya-Huang Luo Yue-Hua Wang Hong Wang Lian-Ming Gao Zuo-Ying Xiahou Ye-Chuan Jin Lin-Jiang Ye Zu-Chang Xu Zhi-Chun Yang De-Zhu Li Jie Liu CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Department of Life sciences South Eastern Kenya University170-90200KituiKenya University of the Chinese academy of sciences Beijing100049China Institute of Molecular Plant sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK School of School of Ecology and Environmental science Yunnan UniversityKunming650091YunnanChina Yangbi Forestry and grassland Administration Dali672500YunnanChina College of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina

Walnuts are highly valued for their rich nutritional profile and wide medicinal *** demand has led to the intensification of breeding activities in major walnut production areas such as southwest China,in order to develop more superior *** the increasing number of cultivars,accurate identification becomes fundamental to selecting the right cultivar for grafting,industrial processing or development of new *** ensure proper identification of cultivars and understand the genetic structure of wild and cultivated material,we genotyped 362 cultivated and wild individuals of walnut trees from southwest China(with two additional populations from Xinjiang,plus three cultivars from Canada,France and Belgium) using 36 polymorphic microsatellite *** found relatively low indices of genetic diversity(H_(O)=0.570,H_(E)=0.404,N_(A)=2.345) as well as a high level of clonality(>85% of cultivars),indicating reliance on genetically narrow sources of parental material for *** STRUCTURE and PCoA analyses generally delineated the two species,though considerable levels of introgression were also *** significantly,we detected a distinct genetic group of cultivated Juglans sigillata,which mainly comprised individuals of the popular ’Yangbidapao’ ***,a core set of 18 SSR loci was selected,which was capable of identifying 32 *** a nutshell,our results call for more utilization of genetically disparate material,including wild walnut trees,as parental sources to breed for more *** data reported herein will significantly contribute towards the genetic improvement and conservation of the walnut germplasm in southwest China.

关键词： Cultivars Genetic diversity Juglans sigillata Southwest China Walnut

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Partially substituting alfalfa hay with hemp forage in the diet of goats improved feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation pattern and microbial profiles

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animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 49-60页

作者： Tao Ran Zhipeng Xu Wenzhu Yang Dalin Liu Duanqin Wu College of Pastoral Agriculture science and Technology Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and grassland Agro-ecosystems Changshu Center for animal Disease Prevention and Control Lethbridge Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada College of animal science and Technology Yangzhou University Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The use of hemp as a forage source in livestock diets has been less studied because bioactive residues in animal tissues may pose a risk to consumers. This study investigated the effects of partial substitution of alfalfa hay(AH) with hemp forage(HF) in growing goat diets on growth performance, carcass traits, ruminal fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial communities, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant *** Xiangdong black goats with body weight(BW) 7.82 ± 0.57 kg(mean ± SD) were grouped by BW and randomly assigned into one of the four treatment diets(n = 10/treatment) in a completely randomized design. The goats were fed ad libitum total mixed rations containing 60% forage and 40% concentrate(DM basis). The diets included control(CON; 60% AH and 40% concentrate), 55% AH and 5% HF(HF5), 50% AH and10% HF(HF10), and 40% AH and 20% HF(HF20). Increasing the substitution of HF for AH linearly decreased(P = 0.004) DM intake and improved feed conversion efficiency. However, final BW, average daily gain,carcass traits, meat quality, and most blood biochemistry indices did not differ among treatments. The ruminal NH3-N concentration(P = 0.003) and blood urine nitrogen(P = 0.050) linearly increased(P < 0.01)with increasing substitution rate of HF, whereas the total volatile fatty acids concentration quadratically changed(P = 0.007). Substitution of AH with HF had no effect on the diversity and richness of ruminal microbes, though it linearly decreased(P = 0.040) Prevotella＿1 and linearly increased(P = 0.017) Rikenellaceae＿RC9＿gut＿group. The cannabinoids and/or their metabolites were detected in both ruminal filtrates(8) and plasma(4), however, no detectable cannabinoid-related residues were observed in *** results indicate that the HF could be used to partially substitute AH in goat diets, whereas the effects vary between substitution rates of HF for AH. Although no cannabinoid-related residues were detected in meat, the presence of cannabinoids resid

关键词： Alfalfa hay Hemp forage Growth performance Ruminal microbiota Cannabinoid metabolism Goat

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A Hu sheep genome with the first ovine Y chromosome reveal introgression history after sheep domestication

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science China(Life sciences) 2021年第7期64卷 1116-1130页

作者： Ran Li Peng Yang Ming Li Wenwen Fang Xiangpeng Yue Hojjat Asadollahpour Nanaei Shangquan Gan Duo Du Yudong Cai Xuelei Dai Qimeng Yang Chunna Cao Weidong Deng Sangang He Wenrong Li Runlin Ma Mingjun Liu Yu Jiang Key Laboratory ofanimal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of grassland Agro-ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation SciencesShihezi 832000China Faculty of animal science and Technology Yunan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Grass feeding Livestock Ministry of AgricultureAnimal Biotechnology Research InstituteXinjiang Academy of Animal ScienceUrumqi 830026China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The Y chromosome plays key roles in male fertility and reflects the evolutionary history of paternal ***,we present a de novo genome assembly of the Hu sheep with the first draft assembly of ovine Y chromosome(o MSY),using nanopore sequencing and Hi-C *** o MSY that we generated spans 10.6 Mb from which 775 Y-SNPs were identified by applying a large panel of whole genome sequences from worldwide sheep and wild Iranian *** major paternal lineages(HY1a,HY1b and HY2)were defined across domestic sheep,of which HY2 was newly ***,HY2 forms a monophyletic clade with the Iranian mouflons and is highly divergent from both HY1a and *** analysis of Y chromosomes,mitochondrial and nuclear genomes confirmed that HY2 and the maternal counterpart of lineage C represented a distinct wild mouflon population in Iran that diverge from the direct ancestor of domestic sheep,the wild mouflons in Southeastern *** results suggest that wild Iranian mouflons had introgressed into domestic sheep and thereby introduced this Iranian mouflon specific lineage carrying HY2 to both East Asian and Africa sheep populations.

关键词： Y chromosome sheep paternal lineage introgression de novo assembly

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Whole-genome resequencing of Hu sheep identifies candidate genes associated with agronomic traits

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 866-876页

作者： Liming Zhao Lvfeng Yuan Fadi Li Xiaoxue Zhang Huibin Tian Zongwu Ma Deyin Zhang Yukun Zhang Yuan Zhao Kai Huang Xiaolong Li Jiangbo Cheng Dan Xu Xiaobin Yang Kunchao Han Xiuxiu Weng Weimin Wang State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu 730020China Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhouGansu 730046China College of animal science and Technology Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouGansu 730070China

The phenotypic diversity resulting from artificial or natural selection of sheep has made a significant contribution to human *** sheep are a local sheep breed unique to China with high reproductive rates and rapid *** selection signatures have been widely used to investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation in ***,we conduct whole-genome sequencing of 207 Hu sheep and compare them with the wild ancestors of domestic sheep(Asiatic mouflon)to investigate the genetic characteristics and selection signatures of Hu *** on six signatures of selection approaches,we detect genomic regions containing genes related to reproduction(BMPR1B,BMP2,PGFS,CYP19,CAMK4,GGT5,and GNAQ),vision(ALDH1A2,SAG,and PDE6B),nervous system(NAV1),and immune response(GPR35,SH2B2,PIK3R3,and HRAS).Association analysis with a population of 1299 Hu sheep reveals that those missense mutations in the GPR35(GPR35 g.952651 A>G;GPR35 g.952496 C>T)and NAV1(NAV1 g.84216190 C>T;NAV1 g.84227412 G>A)genes are significantly associated(P<0.05)with immune and growth traits in Hu sheep,*** research offers unique insights into the selection characteristics of Hu sheep and facilitates further genetic improvement and molecular investigations.

关键词： Hu sheep Whole-genome resequencing Selection signature GPR35 NAV1 Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Changes of Proline Content,Activity,and Active Isoforms of Antioxidative Enzymes in Two Alfalfa Cultivars Under Salt Stress

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Agricultural sciences in China 2009年第4期8卷 431-440页

作者： WANG Xiao-shan HAN Jian-guo Institute of grassland science China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R. China College of animal science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China

The plants of two elfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） cultivars differing in salt tolerance were subjected to three salt treatments, 70, 140, and 210 mM NaCl for 7 days. Root, shoot, and leaf growths were inhibited by increased salt treatments in both cultivars, and at 140 and 210 mM salt treatments, Zhongmu 1 had significantly higher root, shoot, and leaf dry weights per plant than Deft. The malondialdehyde （MDA） accumulation in Deft was considerably greater than in Zhongmu 1, indicating a higher degree of lipid peroxidation at 140 and 210 mM salt treatments. The changes in the activity and active isoforms of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD, EC 1.***.1.1）, catalase （CAT, EC 1.***.1.6）, peroxidase （POD, EC 1.***.1.7）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APOX, EC 1.11,1.11）, accumulation of free proline, and rate of lipid peroxidation in leaves of two alfalfa cultivars were also investigated. After stress, the activity and active isoforms of antioxidative enzymes were altered and the extent of alteration varied between the cultivar Deft and Zhongmu 1. The proline accumulation in Deft was considerably greater than in Zhongmu 1 at 210 mM salt treatment. This indicated that proline accumulation may be the result, instead of the cause, of salt tolerance.

关键词： antioxidative enzymes proline Medicago sativa L. lipid peroxidation salt stress

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