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What makes Haloxylon persicum grow on sand dunes while H. ammodendron grow on interdune lowlands: a proof from reciprocal transplant experiments

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第5期6卷 581-591页

作者： GuiQing XU DanDan YU JiangBo XIE LiSong TANG Yan LI State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences

Determining the mechanisms underlying the spatial distribution of plant species is one of the central themes in biogeography and ecology. However, we are still far from gaining a full understanding of the autecological processes needed to unravel species distribution patterns. In the current study, by comparing seedling recruitment, seedling morphological performance and biomass allocation of two Haloxylon species, we try to identify the causes of the dune/interdune distribution pattern of these two species. Our results show the soil on the dune had less nutrients but was less saline than that of the interdune; with prolonged summer drought, soil water availability was lower on the dune than on the interdune. Both species had higher densities of seedlings at every stage of recruitment in their native habitat than the adjacent habitat. The contrasting different adaptation to nutrients, salinity and soil water conditions in the seedling recruitment stage strongly determined the distribution patterns of the two species on the dune/interdune. Haloxylon persicum on the dunes had lower total dry biomass, shoot and root dry biomass, but allocated a higher percentage of its biomass to roots and possessed a higher specific root length and specific root area by phenotypic traits specialization than that of Haloxylon ammodendron on the interdune. All of these allowed H. persicum to be more adapted to water stress and nutrient shortage. The differences in morphology and allocation facilitated the ability of these two species to persist in their own environments.

关键词： Haloxylon seedling recruitment root distribution biomass allocation species distribution

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Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal that the MsNST1 gene affects lignin synthesis in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1059-1072页

作者： Qiang Zhou Pei Mao Dong Luo Xutian Chai Hao Deng Qiangen Fang Longfa Fang Zhibiao Nan Jiangqi Wen Zhipeng Liu State key laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020GansuChina xinjiang key laboratory of desert plant roots ecology and vegetation restoration Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011XinjiangChina College of Grassland Science/key laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730020GansuChina Noble Research Institute LLCArdmoreOK 73401USA

As the second most abundant natural polymer,accounting for approximately 30%of the organic carbon in the biosphere,lignin plays an essential role in plant ***,a high lignin content affects the nutritional quality of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.),the most widely cultivated perennial legume forage *** analysis indicated that G-lignin and S-lignin were present in the stem,leaf,and petiole of alfalfa,and the deposition of lignin increased gradually in descending *** detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and acid detergent lignin(ADL)contents continually increased from the top to the bottom of the stem,and ADL content showed a similar trend in *** leaves and stems from five different nodes(1,2,4,6,and 8)were used as materials to investigate molecular regulatory mechanisms in lignin synthesis by RNA *** 8074 and 7752 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in leaves and stems,and 1694 DEGs were common to the two tissues.‘‘Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”was the most enriched pathway in both leaves and stems,and 134 key regulatory genes in lignin synthesis were identified by a weighted gene co-expression network *** NAC family transcription factor MsNST1 gene was highly expressed in old leaf and stem *** deposition pattern of G-and S-lignin differed among *** wild-type,nst1 mutants,and overexpression lines,and the transcription levels of lignin synthesis genes such as HCT,F5H,and COMT in these three materials also *** results suggest that MsNST1 affects lignin synthesis in *** findings provide a genetic basis and abundant gene resources for further study of the molecular mechanisms of lignin synthesis,laying a foundation for low-lignin alfalfa breeding research.

关键词： Medicago sativa L. Lignin synthesis Transcriptome WGCNA MsNST1

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Water-use efficiency in response to simulated increasing precipitation in a temperate desert ecosystem of xinjiang, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第6期9卷 823-836页

作者： HUANG Gang LI Yan MU Xiaohan ZHAO Hongmei CAO Yanfeng State key Lab of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences xinjiang key laboratory of Soil and plant Ecological Processes College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University Geology Science Department Shannxi Normal University

Water-use efficiency（WUE） is a key plant functional trait that plays a central role in the global cycles of water and carbon. Although increasing precipitation may cause vegetation changes, few studies have explored the linkage between alteration in vegetation and WUE. Here, we analyzed the responses of leaf WUE, ecosystem carbon and water exchanges, ecosystem WUE, and plant community composition changes under normal conditions and also under extra 15% or 30% increases in annual precipitation in a temperate desert ecosystem of xinjiang, China. We found that leaf WUE and ecosystem WUE showed inconsistent responses to increasing precipitation. Leaf WUE consistently decreased as precipitation increased. By contrast, the responses of the ecosystem WUE to increasing precipitation are different in different precipitation regimes： increasing by 33.9% in the wet year（i.e., the normal precipitation years）and decreasing by 4.1% in the dry year when the precipitation was about 30% less than that in the wet *** systematically assessed the herbaceous community dynamics, community composition, and vegetation coverage to explain the responses of ecosystem WUE, and found that the between-year discrepancy in ecosystem WUE was consistent with the extent to which plant biomass was stimulated by the increase in precipitation. Although there was no change in the relative significance of ephemerals in the plant community, its greater overall plant biomass drove an increased ecosystem WUE under the conditions of increasing precipitation in 2011. However, the slight increase in plant biomass exerted no significant effect on ecosystem WUE in 2012. Our findings suggest that an alteration in the dominant species in this plant community can induce a shift in the carbon-and water-based economics of desert ecosystems.

关键词： desert ecosystem ecosystem water-use efficiency gross carbon exchange increasing precipitation leaf water-use efficiency net carbon exchange Gurbantunggut desert

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Woody plant encroachment may decrease plant carbon storage in grasslands under future drier conditions

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Journal of plant ecology 2020年第2期13卷 213-223页

作者： Yun-Hua Liu Jun-Hui Cheng Bernhard Schmid Li-Song Tang Jian-Dong Sheng Department of ecology and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological ProcessesCollege of Grassland and Environmental ScienceXinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Department of Geography University of ZürichZürichSwitzerland State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of ScienceUrumqi 830011Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina

Aims Woody plants are widely distributed in various grassland types along the altitudinal/climatic gradients in xinjiang,*** previously reported change in carbon(C)storage following woody plant encroachment in grasslands and the mediating effect of climate on this change,we predicted that a positive effect of woody plants on plant C storage in semiarid grasslands may revert to a negative effect in arid *** first investigated the spatial variation of aboveground C(AGC)and belowground C(BGC)storage among grassland types and then tested our *** We measured the living AGC storage,litter C(LC)and BGC storage of plants in two physiognomic types,wooded grasslands(aboveground biomass of woody plants at least 50%)and pure grasslands without woody plants in six grassland types representing a gradient form semiarid to arid conditions across *** Findings Living AGC,LC,BGC and total plant C storage increased from desert to mountain *** increases could also be explained by increasing mean annual precipitation(MAP)or decreasing mean annual temperature(MAT),suggesting that grassland types indeed represented an aridity *** plants had an effect on the plant C storage both in size and in distribution relative to pure *** direction and strength of the effect of woody plants varied with grassland types due to the mediating effect of the climate,with wetter conditions promoting a positive effect of woody *** plants increased vegetation-level AGC through their high AGC relative to herbaceous ***,more negative effects of woody plants on herbaceous plants with increasing aridity led to a weaker increase in the living AGC in arid desert,steppe desert and desert steppe than in the less arid other grassland *** greater aridity(lower MAP and higher MAT),woody plants allocated less biomass to roots and had lower BGC and had a more negative impact on herbaceous plant production,thereb

关键词： woody plant encroachment aridity gradients plant C storage climate grassland types xinjiang

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A spatial-explicit dynamic vegetation model that couples carbon,water,and nitrogen processes for arid and semiarid ecosystems

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第1期5卷 102-117页

作者： Chi ZHANG ChaoFan LI Xi CHEN GePing LUO LongHui LI XiaoYu LI Yan YAN Hua SHAO State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Arid and semiarid ecosystems, or dryland, are important to global biogeochemical cycles. Dryland＇s community structure and vegetation dynamics as well as biogeochemical cycles are sensitive to changes in climate and atmospheric composition. vegetation dynamic models has been applied in global change studies, but the com- plex interactions among the carbon （C）, water, and nitrogen （N） cycles have not been adequately addressed in the current models. In this study, a process-based vegetation dynamic model was developed to study the responses of dryland ecosystems to environmental changes, emphasizing on the interactions among the C, water, and N proc- esses. To address the interactions between the C and water processes, it not only considers the effects of annual precipitation on vegetation distribution and soil moisture on organic matter （SOM） decomposition, but also explicitly models root competition for water and the water compensation processes. To address the interactions between C and N processes, it models the soil inorganic mater processes, such as N mineralization/immobilization, denitrifica- tion/nitrification, and N leaching, as well as the root competition for soil N. The model was parameterized for major plant functional types and evaluated against field observations.

关键词： process-based model arid ecosystem C cycle vegetation dynamics

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Safety-efficiency trade-offs in the cotton xylem：acclimatization to different soil textures

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第3期8卷 443-452页

作者： WANG Zhongyuan XIE Jiangbo LI Yan State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The acclimatization of plant xylem to altered environmental conditions has attracted considerable attention from researchers over several decades. plants growing in natural environments must seek a balance between water uptake and the water loss of leaves from evaporation. Thus, the adaptation of xylem to different soil textures is important in maintaining plant water balance. In this study, we investigated the xylem changes of cotton（Gossypium herbaceum L.） xylem in sandy, clay and mixed soils. Results showed that soil texture had a significant effect on xylem vessel diameter and length of stems and roots. Compared with G. herbaceum growing in the clay soil, those plants growing in the sandy soil developed narrower and shorter xylem vessels in their roots, and had a higher percentage of narrow vessels in their stems. These changes resulted in a safer（i.e. less vulnerable to cavitation）, but less-efficient water transport system when soil water availability was low, supporting the hydraulic safety versus efficiency trade-off hypothesis. Furthermore, in sandy and mixed soils, the root： shoot ratio of G. herbaceum increased twofold, which ensures the same efficiency of leaves. In summary, our finding indicates that the morphological plasticity of xylem structure in G. herbaceum has a major role in the acclimatization of this plant species to different soil textures.

关键词： acclimatization soil texture xylem structure hydraulic acclimation safety vs. efficiency

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Water use strategies of the desert riparian forest plant community in the lower reaches of Heihe River Basin, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第4期57卷 1293-1305页

作者： FU AiHong CHEN YaNing LI WeiHong State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences

The object of this paper is the different plant communities in the Ejina desert riparian forest. Groundwater depth, soil moisture, plant water potential, relative leaf moisture content and water use efficiency was monitored, and the response of soil moisture and plant ecology to the groundwater depth and the water use efficiency of the different plant communities was analyzed. The results showed that：（1） Along with the groundwater depth increasing, predawn and midday water potential of the plants, with the exception of Reaumuria soongorica, did not decrease significantly, indicating that when the groundwater depth is less than 3 m, the plant communities in the range of 4 km from the river way did not suffer or slightly suffer from water stress;（2） The distribution of higher soil moisture content within 0–3 m soil layer is suitable with the plants’ root system, as indicated in the communities of coexisting overripe Populus euphratica or Taramrix chinensis, both of which can release excessive water into soil for shallow rooted shrubs or herbaceous plants when there is water shortage;（3） R. soongorica can absorb deep soil moisture through deep roots for their own survival;（4） The community consisting of Sophora alopecuroides, Karelinia caspica, T. chinensis, and overripe P. euphratica has the best species combination for restoring the damaged eco-environment in the lower reaches of Heihe River;（5） The order of plants’ relative leaf water contents is K. caspica ＆gt; S. alopecuroides ＆gt; young P. euphratica ＆gt; overripe P. euphratica ＆gt; mature P. euphratica = T. chinensis coexisting with other species ＆gt; single R. soongorica ＆gt; single T. chinensis and the order of WUE is single T. chinensis ＆gt; single R. soongorica ＆gt; T. chinensis living in symbiosis with other species ＆gt; S. alopecuroides = young P. euphratica ＆gt; mature P. euphratica ＆gt; overripe P. euphratica ＆gt; K. caspica. Therefore, with ample soil moisture, the plant community helps rapid growth of

关键词： water potential soil moisture water use efficiency water use strategy desert riparian forest Heihe river

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Betula platyphylla BpH0 X2 transcription factor binds to different cis_acting elements and confers osmotic tolerance

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2020年第11期62卷 1762-1779页

作者： Zilong Tan Xuejing Wen Yucheng Wang CAS key laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of^SciencesUrumqi 830011China State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Graduate School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-Zip)proteins play crucial roles in plant developmental and environmental ***,how they mediate gene expression to facilitate abiotic stress tolerance remains *** the present study,we characterized BpHOX2(encoding a HD-Zip I family protein)from birch(Betula platyphylla).BpHOX2 is predominately expressed in mature stems and leaves,but expressed at a low level in apical buds and roots,suggesting that it has tissue-specific ***2 expression was highly induced by osmotic and salt,but only slightly induced by abscisic *** of BpHOX2 markedly improved osmotic tolerance,while knockdown of BpHOX2 increased sensitivity to osmotic ***2 could induce the expression of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase,peroxidase,and superoxide dismutase genes to improve proline levels and the reactive oxygen species scavenging *** immunoprecipitation sequencing combined with RNA sequencing showed that BpHOX2 could bind to at least four cis-acting elements,including dehydrationresponsive element“RCCGAC”,Myb-p binding box“CCWACC,”and two novel cis-acting elements with the sequences of“AAGAAG”and“TACGTG”(termed HBS1 and HBS2,respectively)to regulate gene *** results suggested that BpHOX2 is a transcription factor that binds to different cis-acting elements to regulate gene expression,ultimately improving osmotic tolerance in birch.

关键词： markedly elements slightly

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Characteristics and utilization of plant diversity and resources in Central Asia

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Regional Sustainability 2020年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： Yuanming Zhang Daoyuan Zhang Wenjun Li Yaoming Li Chi Zhang Kaiyun Guan Borong Pan State key laboratory of desert and Oasis ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China

The geographical region of Central Asia comprises Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,Uzbekistan,Turkmenistan,and the xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of *** Asia’s temperate forests,steppes,and sandy deserts,including riparian tugai forests,have been identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature as Global 200 ecoregions,and the Mountains of Central Asia are considered biodiversity ***,we describe and analyze the diverse characteristics and utilization of plant diversity and resources of the *** confirm that there are 9520 species of higher plants,20%of which are endemic species,belonging to 138 families and 1176 *** vegetation geography of Central Asia can be divided into 5 provinces and 33 districts,and more than 65%species have a Central Asian geographical distribution *** resource utilization can be grouped into 5 categories and 31 subcategories,including food,medicine,industry,environmental protection,construction,and plant *** this review,we also discuss the principal threats to plant biodiversity in Central Asia posed by global climate change and offer recommendations for conservation strategies.

关键词： Flora plant resources Biodiversity vegetation types Central Asia

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A preliminary study of water use strategy of desert plants in Dunhuang,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第1期7卷 73-81页

作者： YongQin CUI JianYing MA Wei SUN JiaHuan SUN ZhengHu DUAN Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences xinjiang Institute of ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education key laboratory of vegetation ecology Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University

Water is a restrictive factor for plant growth and ecosystem stability in arid and semiarid areas. The dynamics of water availability in soils and water use by plants are consequently critical to ecosystem functions, e.g. maintaining a high resistance to the changing climate. plant water use strategies, including water-use efficiency （WUE） and the main water source that a plant species utilizes, play an important role in the evaluation of stability and sustainability of a plantation. The water use strategies of desert plants （Tamarix chinensis, Alhagi sparsifolia, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Sophora alopecuroides, Bassia dasyphylla and Nitraria sphaerocarpa） in three different habitats （saline land, sandy land and Gobi） in Dunhuang （located in the typical arid area of northwestern China） were studied. The stable isotope of oxygen was used to determine the main water source and leaf carbon isotope discrimination was used to estimate the long-term WUE of plant species in the summer of 2010. The results suggest that： 1） the studied desert plants took up soil water below the depth of 80 cm; 2） T. chinensis in the three habitats used deeper soil water and T. chinensis in the Gobi site had higher WUE than those in the saline land and the sandy land. The results indicated that desert plants in Dunhuang depended on stable water source and maintained high WUE to survive in water limited environments.

关键词： desert plant stable isotope water source water-use efficiency Dunhuang

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