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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第4期12卷 1212-1223页

作者： Changhui Du Zhenjie Li Jing Zhang Ni Yin Lirong Tang Jie Li Jingyin Sun Xiaoqing Yu Wei Chen Hang Xiao Xian Wu Xuexiang Chen School of Public Health Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Department of Information Systems and Analytics Miami UniversityOxford 45056USA Department of Food Science University of MassachusettsAmherst 01003USA Department of kinesiology Nutritionand HealthMiami UniversityOxford 45056USA

Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Carnosic acid(CA)is a major antioxidant component of rosemary and ***,we investigated the protective effects of dietary CA on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model with an emphasis on its impact on the composition and metabolic function of gut *** found that CA effectively attenuated DSS-stimulated colitis in mice,as evidenced by reduced disease activity index(DAI),and systemic and colonic ***,CA restored microbial diversity and improved the composition of gut microbiota in DSS-treated ***,Spearman’s correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between the fecal metabolites and the gut microbiota *** in gut microbiota and the correlated metabolites might partially explain CA’s anti-inflammatory effects against *** clinical trials are needed to determine the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of CA on IBD in humans.

关键词： Carnosic acid Inflammatory bowel diseases Colitis Gut microbiota Metabolites

The skeletal muscle fiber periphery:A nexus of mTOR-related anabolism

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运动医学与健康科学(英文) 2023年第1期5卷 10-19页

作者： Cassidy T.Tinline-Goodfellow Matthew J.Lees Nathan Hodson Faculty of kinesiology and Physical Education University of TorontoCanada Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUnited Kingdom Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUnited Kingdom

Skeletal muscle anabolism is driven by numerous stimuli such as growth factors,nutrients(i.e.,amino acids,glucose),and mechanical *** stimuli are integrated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)complex 1(mTORC1)signal transduction *** recent years,work from our laboratory and elsewhere has sought to unravel the molecular mechanisms underpinning the mTOR-related activation of muscle protein synthesis(MPS),as well as the spatial regulation of these mechanisms within the skeletal muscle *** studies have suggested that the skeletal muscle fiber periphery is a region of central importance in anabolism(i.e.,growth/MPS).Indeed,the fiber periphery is replete with the substrates,molecular machinery,and translational apparatus necessary to facilitate *** review provides a summary of the mechanisms underpinning the mTOR-associated activation of MPS from cell,rodent,and human *** also presents an overview of the spatial regulation of mTORC1 in response to anabolic stimuli and outlines the factors that distinguish the periphery of the cell as a highly notable region of skeletal muscle for the induction of *** research should seek to further explore the nutrient-induced activation of mTORC1 at the periphery of skeletal muscle fibers.

关键词： Skeletal muscle mTOR Periphery Muscle protein synthesis Hypertrophy Translation

Racial Differences in Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Following Acute Aerobic Exercise Between Chinese and Caucasians

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第3期4卷 275-282页

作者： Peng Sun Huimin Yan Sushant M.Ranadive Abbi D.Lane Rebecca MKappus Tracy Baynard Xiaodan Sun Shichang Li Bo Fernhall Key laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention Ministry of EducationEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China College of Applied Health Sciences University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignILUSA Damujia Central Health Center WeifangShandongPeople’s Republic of China

Background Left ventricular filling pressure(LVFP)is an important early indicator of heart failure that is more prevalent in Caucasians than ***-induced change in LVFP may provide more incremental information to assess dias-tolic *** it was unknown whether there was difference in LVFP following acute exercise between Caucasians and *** The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of LVFP following an acute 45-min aerobic exercise in healthy Caucasian and Chinese *** Sixty participants(30 Caucasians and 30 Chinese,half was male,respectively)performed an acute bout of aero-bic exercise at 70%of heart rate ***,Left ventricle(LV)morphology and function parameters were measured at baseline,then at 30-min and 60-min *** There was a similar LV ejection fraction,LV fraction shorten,lateral E/eʹand lateral eʹbetween Chinese and Caucasians at *** was a significant race-by-time interaction in lateral E/eʹand lateral eʹbetween Chinese and Caucasians from pre-exercise to 30 min and 60 min after acute aerobic ***ΔE/eʹwas significant correlated with baseline systolic blood *** The change of LVFP was different between Chinese and Caucasians following acute aerobic *** racial differences may be primarily caused by the changes of LV relaxation following exercise,baseline systolic blood pressure may also contribute to the differences.

关键词： Diastolic function Left ventricular filling pressure Racial differences

Performance and safety in elite skiing sports:A big challenge on specificity,individuality,and complexity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 379-380页

作者： Erich Müller Yu Liu Department of Sport Science and kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg A-5020Austria Key laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Winter sports, including those with a focus on gliding with skis on snow, have become extremely complex in the last few decades. During the Olympic Games held in Pyeongchang,

关键词：滑雪运动复杂性特性安全性能个性冬季运动滑雪板

Look into my eyes:What can eye-based measures tell us about the relationship between physical activity and cognitive performance?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第5期12卷 568-591页

作者： Liye Zou Fabian Herold Sebastian Ludyga Keita Kamijo Notger G.Muller Matthew B.Pontifex Matthew Heath Ryuta Kuwamizu Hideaki Soya Charles H.Hillman Soichi Ando Brandon L.Alderman Boris Cheval Arthur F.Kramer Body-Brain-Mind laboratory School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Department of Sport Exerciseand HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences Chukyo UniversityNagoya 466-8666Japan Department of kinesiology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA School of kinesiology Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Western OntarioLondon ON N6A 3K7Canada Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging University of Western OntarioLondon ONN6A 3K7Canada Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Western OntarioLondon ONN6A 3K7Canada laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-0006Japan Sport Neuroscience Division Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance(ARIHHP)Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-0006Japan Center for Cognitive and Brain Health Department of PsychologyDepartment of Physical TherapyMovementand Rehabilitation SciencesNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-CommunicationsTokyo 182-8585Japan Department of kinesiology and Health Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew BrunswickNJ 08854USA Swiss Center for Affective Sciences University of GenevaGeneva 1205Switzerland laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression(E3Lab) Department of PsychologyUniversity of GenevaGeneva 1205Switzerland Department of Psychology Center for Cognitive and Brain HealthNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Beckman Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA

Background:There is a growing interest to understand the neurobiological mechanisms that drive the positive associations of physical activity and fitness with measures of cognitive *** better understand those mechanisms,several studies have employed eye-based measures(e.g., eye movement measures such as saccades,pupillary measures such as pupil dilation,and vascular measures such as retinal vessel diameter)deemed to be proxies for specific neurobiological ***,there is currently no systematic review providing a comprehensive overview of these studies in the field of exercise-cognition ***,this review aimed to address that gap in the ***:To identify eligible studies,we searched 5 electronic databases on October 23,*** researchers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale,for interventional studies) and the critical appraisal tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute(for cross-sectional studies).Results:Our systematic review(n=35 studies) offers the following main findings:(a) there is insufficient evidence available to draw solid conclusions concerning gaze-fixation-based measures;(b) the evidence that pupillometric measures,which are a proxy for the noradrenergic system,can explain the positive effect of acute exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive performance is mixed;(c) physical training-or fitness-related changes of the cerebrovascular system(operationalized via changes in retinal vasculature) are,in general,positively associated with cognitive performance improvements;(d) acute and chronic physical exercises show a positive effect based on an oculomotor-based measure function(operationalized via antisaccade tasks);and(e) the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive performance is partly mediated by the dopaminergic system(operationalized via spo

关键词： Cognition Exercise Fitness Pupil size RetinaTagedAPTARAEnd

动态系统理论的概念与技术在生物力学分析中的应用（英文）

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第1期5卷 3-13页

作者： Richard E.A.van Emmerik Scott W.Ducharme Avelino C.Amado Joseph Hamill Motor Control laboratory Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA 01003 USA Biomechanics Laboratories Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA 01003 USA

Traditional biomechanical analyses of human movement are generally derived from linear *** these methods can be useful in many situations,they do not describe behaviors in human systems that are predominately *** this reason,nonlinear analysis methods based on a dynamical systems approach have become more prevalent in recent *** analysis techniques have provided new insights into how systems(1) maintain pattern stability,(2) transition into new states,and(3) are governed by short-and long-term(fractal) correlational processes at different spatio-temporal *** different aspects of system dynamics are typically investigated using concepts related to variability,stability,complexity,and *** purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast these different concepts and demonstrate that,although related,these terms represent fundamentally different aspects of system *** particular,we argue that variability should not uniformly be equated with stability or complexity of *** addition,current dynamic stability measures based on nonlinear analysis methods(such as the finite maximal Lyapunov exponent) can reveal local instabilities in movement dynamics,but the degree to which these local instabilities relate to global postural and gait stability and the ability to resist external perturbations remains to be ***,systematic studies are needed to relate observed reductions in complexity with aging and disease to the adaptive capabilities of the movement system and how complexity changes as a function of different task constraints.

关键词：系统概念技术非线性分析方法系统动力学不稳定性非线性行为自适应能力人体运动

miR-153 as biomarker for cancer-functional role as tumor suppressor

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BIOCELL 2022年第1期46卷 13-26页

作者： SALONI THAKUR ADESH K.SAINI JOYDEEP DAS VIPIN SAINI PARIN BALHARA JAGPREET S.NANDA REENA V.SAINI Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology Shoolini UniversitySolan173229India Department of Biotechnology MMECMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana133207India Maharishi Markandeshwar University KumarhattiSolan173229India Department of Chemistry Physical SciencesMizoram UniversityAizawl796004India Department of kinesiology California State UniversitySacramentoCA 95819USA laboratory on the Mechanism and Regulation of Protein Synthesis Eunice K.ShriverNational Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA

MicroRNA-153(miR-153),belongs toa dass of small non-coding *** is a aritical regulator of gene expression at the post-transcriptional lewel which interacts with the functional mRNA at 3UTR rgion and suppresses the expression of the *** recently,it has become apparent that dhanges in the miR-153 axpression lead to invasion,metastasis,angiogenesis and various types of tumor *** review summarizes the connection between dysrgulation of miR-153 and various typas of cancer ***-153 regulates various signaling pathways to inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in the ancer cell and also show synergistic activity with anticancer *** addition to this,the oncogenic bchavior of miR-153 and their use as a potential biomarker in cancer was also reviewed.

关键词： Biomarker Cancer miR-153 Oncogenic Tumor suppressor

Joint Contact Forces with Changes in Running Stride Length and Midsole Stiffness

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第1期2卷 69-76页

作者： Joshua M.Thomas WBrent Edwards Timothy R.Derrick Department of Health Wellnessand SportUniversity of DubuqueDubuqueIA 52001USA Human Performance laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of kinesiology Iowa State University111L Forker BuildingAmesIA 50011USA

The purpose of this study was to determine if lower extremity joint loading was influenced by stride length or shoe midsole *** subjects completed 10 trials of overground running at an average speed of 4.43 m/s in each of three condi-tions:normal running,running with a stride length(SL)reduced by 10%of normal,and running with a cushioned midsole stiffness(i.e.,mechanical impact reduction of 13.7-10.9 g).Reaction forces calculated from inverse dynamics were summed with muscle forces estimated from a musculoskeletal model using static optimization to obtain joint contact forces at the hip,knee and ankle *** components of the contact forces[axial,anterior-posterior,and medial-lateral(ML)]were examined using parametric statistics(α=0.05).Reducing stride length resulted in significant decreases in absolute peak ankle contact forces in the axial direction(normal:-14.5±1.5 BW;reduced SL:-14.0±1.6 BW)and the ML direction(normal:0.67±0.23 BW;reduced SL:0.61±0.21 BW).Reducing stride length also reduced the peak absolute axial forces at the knee(normal:-10.6±1.3 BW;reduced SL:-9.8±1.2 BW)and the hip(normal:-7.26±2.24 BW;reduced SL:-6.75±2.10 BW).The cushioned shoe did not statistically reduce the peak absolute contact forces from the normal stride condition at any of the *** hoc stress analysis suggested that the observed changes in anterior hip force would increase stress more than any of the other statistically significant *** in stride length appear to decrease some joint contact variables but cushioning in the heel region of the shoe does not.

关键词： Gait Injury Compressive force Shear force Cushioning Strain

Ad libitum water consumption prevents exercise-associated hyponatremia and protects against dehydration in soldiers performing a 40-km route-march

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Military Medical Research 2019年第3期6卷 201-207页

作者： Heinrich WNolte Kim Nolte Tamara Hew-Butler Movement Physiology Research laboratory School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Division Biokinetics and Sport Science Department of PhysiologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Division of kinesiology Wayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA.

Background: It remains unclear if ad libitum water drinking, as a hydration strategy, prevents exercise-associated hyponatremia(EAH) during prolonged exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of EAH within the broader context of fluid regulation among soldiers performing a 40-km route-march ingesting water ad ***: Twenty-eight healthy male soldiers participated in this observational trial. Pre-and post-exercise body mass, blood and urine samples were collected. Blood samples were assessed for serum sodium([Na+]), glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen(BUN), plasma osmolality, creatine kinase(CK), and plasma arginine vasopressin(AVP) concentrations. Plasma volume(PV) was calculated using hematocrit and hemoglobin. Urine samples were analyzed for osmolality and (Na+)Water intake was assessed by weighing bottles before, during and after the march. The mean relative humidity was 55.7%(21.9–94.3%) and the mean dry bulb temperature was 27.1°C(19.5°C-37.0°C) during the ***: Twenty-five soldiers(72±10 kg)(Mean±SD) completed the march in 09:11±00:43(hr:min). Participants consumed 736±259 ml/h of water and lost 2.8±0.9 kg(4.0%±1.4%, P<0.05) of body mass. Significant(pre-march vs. post-march;P<0.05) decreases in serum [Na+](141 mmol/L vs. 136 mmol/L), plasma osmolality(303 m Osmol/kg H2O vs. 298 m Osmol/kg H2O), and serum creatinine(111 μmol/L vs. 101 μmol/L) and urine [Na+](168 mmol/L vs. 142 mmol/L), as well as significant increases in plasma AVP(2 pg/ml vs. 11 pg/ml), plasma CK(1423 U/L vs. 3894 U/L) and urine osmolality(1035 m Osmol/kg H2O vs. 1097 m Osmol/kg H2O) were found. The soldier(72 kg) with the lowest postexercise sodium level completed the march in 08:38. He drank 800 ml/h, lost 2% body mass, and demonstrated(prepost) increases in plasma osmolality(294–314 m Osmol/kg H2O), BUN(20–30 mg/dl), AVP(2–16 pg/ml) and PV(41%). His urine osmolality decreased from 1114 m Osmol/kg H2O to 1110 m Osmol/kg H2O. No participants finished

关键词： Serum sodium concentration Exercise-associated hyponatremia Arginine vasopressin Fluid balance Electrolyte balance Military

Cardiac remodeling and physical training post myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2015年第2期7卷 52-64页

作者： Michael A Garza Emily A Wason John Q Zhang laboratory of Cardiovascular Research Department of Health Kinesiologyand Nutrition University of Texas at San Antonio

After myocardial infarction(MI), the heart undergoes extensive myocardial remodeling through the accumulation of fibrous tissue in both the infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium, which distorts tissue structure, increases tissue stiffness, and accounts for ventricular dysfunction. There is growing clinical consensus that exercise training may beneficially alter the course of post-MI myocardial remodeling and improve cardiac function. This review summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effect of post-MI exercise training on infarcted hearts. Due to the degree of difficulty to study a viable human heart at both protein and molecular levels, most of the detailed studies have been performed by using animal models. Although there are some negative reports indicating that post-MI exercise may further cause deterioration of the wounded hearts, a growing body of research from both human and animal experiments demonstrates that post-MI exercise may beneficially alter the course of wound healing and improve cardiac function. Furthermore, the improved function is likely due to exercise training-induced mitigation of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system, improved balance between matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, favorable myosin heavy chain isoform switch, diminished oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved mitochondrial calcium handling, and boosted myocardial angiogenesis. Additionally, meta-analyses revealed that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation has proven to be effective, and remains one of the least expensive therapies for both the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, and prevents re-infarction.

关键词： Post-myocardial infarction Exercise training Myocardial remodeling Angiotensin Ⅱ Fibrosis